Immunology. Supplement最新文献_第2页

Molecular mechanisms involved in human autoimmune diseases: relevance of chronic antigen presentation. Class II expression and cytokine production. 参与人类自身免疫性疾病的分子机制:慢性抗原呈递的相关性。II类表达和细胞因子的产生。

Immunology. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01

M Feldmann

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms involved in human autoimmune diseases: relevance of chronic antigen presentation. Class II expression and cytokine production.","authors":"M Feldmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The observation that the local site of autoimmune responses over-expressed HLA class II led to the formulation that tissue antigen-presenting capacity contributes significantly to the mechanism of autoimmune disease perpetuation, by continually reactivating auto-antigen-reactive T lymphocytes. These in turn produce mediator molecules which maintain HLA class II expression (and hence antigen-presenting capacity) in the target tissues; and also initiate the immune and inflammatory pathways. The importance of this concept is that it provides a readily testable hypothesis that has been investigated extensively. For the thyroid diseases compelling data to support it have accumulated; in other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis the evidence is increasing. The concept also relates the human autoimmune diseases to the normal mechanisms of immune induction and immunoregulation. This highlights the areas that we do not yet understand, namely the interplay of genetic susceptibility, extrinsic agents or disorders of immune regulation which permit the autoimmune process to become sufficiently pronounced as to engender a clinical autoimmune disease. Even with our limited understanding of the disease process, it is apparent that there are many opportunities for newer approaches at therapy, based on interfering with the immune cells or their mediators.","PeriodicalId":77725,"journal":{"name":"Immunology. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"66-71; discussion 72-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13822590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vaccine development. On relating immunology to the Third World: some studies on leprosy. 疫苗的发展。与第三世界有关的免疫学:关于麻风病的一些研究。

Immunology. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01

B R Bloom, P Salgame, V Mehra, H Kato, R Modlin, T Rea, P Brennan, J Convit, L Lugozi, S Snapper

引用次数: 0

In situ detection of transcriptionally active chromatin and genetic regulatory elements in individual viable mammalian cells. 活体哺乳动物细胞中转录活性染色质和遗传调控元件的原位检测。

Immunology. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01

W G Kerr, G P Nolan, L A Herzenberg

{"title":"In situ detection of transcriptionally active chromatin and genetic regulatory elements in individual viable mammalian cells.","authors":"W G Kerr, G P Nolan, L A Herzenberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Using a newly developed FACS method for quantifying the expression of the Escherischia coli lacZ reporter gene in viable mammalian cells, we have obtained cloned cell lines in which the expression of lacZ is under the control of native endogenous transcription elements. We infected the murine pre-B cell 70Z/3 with transcriptionally disabled retroviruses containing lacZ and employed the FACS-FDG technique to detect and sort rare lacZ+ cells in which we expect integration is near such endogenous transcription elements. After two rounds of enrichment we obtained a population of cells that was 80-90% positive for lacZ activity. Clones derived from the lacZ+ pool differ from each other with respect to their overall level of lacZ activity as well as in the pattern of lacZ expression among cells within an individual clone. Treatment of these lacZ+ 70Z/3 clones with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; which is known to stimulate differentiation of 70Z/3 from a pre-B cell to an IgM-expressing B cell) greatly decreased lacZ expression in one clone, 7e17. lacZ expression in this clone was 50-100 times lower within 24 hr of LPS addition and coincided with the acquisition of IgM kappa on the surface of 7e17. This suggests that a transcriptionally active domain of chromatin that harbors the lacZ construct is down-regulated during the transition induced by LPS stimulation.","PeriodicalId":77725,"journal":{"name":"Immunology. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"74-8; discussion 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13946320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunological tolerance then and now: was the Medawar school right? 过去和现在的免疫耐受:梅达沃学派是对的吗?

Immunology. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01

G J Nossal

{"title":"Immunological tolerance then and now: was the Medawar school right?","authors":"G J Nossal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"As perhaps the staunchest advocates of repertoire purging as the central mechanism of immunological tolerance, we note with satisfaction a spate of recent, elegant papers which suggest an intrathymic clonal abortion model as the explanation for at least some examples of T-cell tolerance. This view agrees with the classical formulation of the Billingham-Brent-Medawar school of tolerance as a specific, central failure of immune responsiveness. Repertoire purging within the B-lymphocyte compartment remains much more controversial. There is no doubt that experimental models exist where the B cell is the reversible target of tolerance induction. The question is, in view of the ease of inducing autoantibody formation both in vivo and in vitro, just how relevant are such clonal anergy mechanisms to authentic self-tolerance? Arguments are presented that there must be two windows of tolerance susceptibility in the ontogeny of the B cell; one while it is maturing in the bone marrow, to prevent autoreactivity of high affinity to important accessible self-antigens; and a second soon after activation of pre-memory cells by exogenous antigen, to prevent fortuitous mutations towards high-affinity anti-self-reactivity establishing a forbidden clone.","PeriodicalId":77725,"journal":{"name":"Immunology. Supplement","volume":"2 ","pages":"2-5; discussion 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13822583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

I-J and mechanism of immunosuppression. I-J及其免疫抑制机制。

Immunology. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01

T Nakayama, Y Asano, T Tada

引用次数: 0

Host proteins that bind to or mimic SV40 large T antigen: using antibodies to look at protein interactions and their significance. 结合或模拟SV40大T抗原的宿主蛋白:使用抗体观察蛋白质相互作用及其意义。

Immunology. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01

S E Mole, J V Gannon, I A Anton, M J Ford, D P Lane

引用次数: 0

F protein and immune suppression genes. F蛋白和免疫抑制基因。

Immunology. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01

D B Oliveira