Applied pathology最新文献

{"title":"Application of monoclonal antibodies to intermediate filament proteins in surgical pathology of head and neck tumours. An overview.","authors":"F C Ramaekers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intermediate filament proteins are distributed in a tissue specific manner throughout human tissues. Using monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to cytokeratins, vimentin, desmin, neurofilament proteins or the glial fibrillary acidic protein, epithelial, mesenchymal, myogenic, nervous and glial tissues, respectively, can be distinguished by immunohistochemical techniques. Since tumour cells generally retain the intermediate filament proteins typical for their cells of origin, such antibodies can also be used to discriminate between different types of neoplasma, i.e. carcinoma, lymphoma, myosarcoma, etc. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies to individual cytokeratin proteins can be used to distinguish between several types of epithelial tissues and different types of carcinomas. The application of such antibodies in the histopathology of head and neck tumours can be of great help in the characterization of tumours that cannot be identified on the basis of routine histological techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 1","pages":"35-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13597021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric assessment of the biological potential of human papillomavirus infections in the uterine cervix.","authors":"P Tosi,&nbsp;P Luzi,&nbsp;R Santopietro,&nbsp;C Miracco,&nbsp;R Lio,&nbsp;S Syrjänen,&nbsp;R Mäntyjärvi,&nbsp;K Syrjänen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A series of 69 punch biopsies derived from 513 women prospectively followed up for cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections (including HPV lesions with and without cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; HPV-CIN, HPV-NCIN), and 42 control cases (consisting of normal epithelia, and classical CIN lesions) were analyzed morphometrically, using a semiautomatic image analyzer (IBS I-KONTRON), to assess the value of morphometric measurements in discriminating between HPV lesions and CIN, and to find out whether these methods are useful in predicting the outcome of cervical HPV infections. Nuclear area and the form factors Ell, Ar, and Pe were calculated on fifty nuclei in each of the three layers of epithelium; deep, intermediate and superficial. The reproducibility of the measurements was calculated for intra- and interobserver variation. HPV typing was completed using the in situ hybridization technique with DNA probes for HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 and 31. No significant differences were detected by using the form factors (Ell, Ar, Pe), when HPV lesions were compared with the normal epithelium, or with classical CIN lesions, in any of the epithelial layers. The nuclear area was significantly larger in all the epithelial layers in HPV-CIN I, and HPV-CIN II lesions as compared with CIN I and CIN II cases (p less than 0.001), p less than 0.001, p less than 0.005 and p less than 0.001, for deep, intermediate and superficial layers between HPV-CIN I/CIN I, and for all layers in HPV-CIN II/CIN II comparisons, respectively). This was also true when the values of nuclear area in HPV-NCIN I, HPV-CIN II and HPV-CIN III lesions were compared with the normal epithelium (p less than 0.001 for all layers). In the most severe lesions, no significant differences existed between HPV-CIN III and CIN III cases. Nuclear area measurement could not predict, however, the HPV type found in the lesion, or their natural history established by prospective follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 4","pages":"247-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13983729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epithelioid sarcoma. An electron-microscopic and immunohistochemical study.","authors":"S Persson,&nbsp;L G Kindblom,&nbsp;L Angervall","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present report is a light- and electron-microscopic and immunohistochemical study of 7 cases of epithelioid sarcoma. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded material and in one case ethanol-fixed material from the tumors as well as control tissues were used for the immunohistochemical analysis. A positive reaction for cytokeratins was observed in all 7 tumors when using 3 different polyclonal antibodies and 1 of 3 monoclonal antibodies. All tumors were positively stained with monoclonal antibodies against the epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and all except one with monoclonal antibodies against the human milk fat globule (HMFG 1 and 2). In all tumors there was a positive reaction for actin and vimentin, using monoclonal antibodies. Ultrastructurally the tumor cells were characterized by pinocytic vesicles, cytoplasmic projections surrounding lumen-like slits, desmosome-like cell junctions and abundant thin and intermediate filaments, sometimes forming condensed bundles and tonofilament-like structures. In one case there were numerous dense cytoplasmic bodies, up to 800 nm in diameter, apparently formed by condensed intermediated filaments. The tumor cells of epithelioid sarcoma share morphologic features and immunohistochemical properties with epithelial cells, which however does not exclude the possibility of a mesenchymal origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13597020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow-cytometric assessment of DNA index and percent S phase cells in bronchogenic epidermoid carcinoma.","authors":"L Leoncini,&nbsp;V Sforza,&nbsp;E Lavarini,&nbsp;S Nuti,&nbsp;G Gotti,&nbsp;P Tosi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The DNA index and percent S phase cells were assessed in 45 bronchogenic epidermoid carcinomas from paraffin-embedded retrieved material by flow cytometry. Previously, a comparison between flow cytometric findings from fresh and from paraffin-embedded material was made. The DNA index and the percent S phase cells from fresh and paraffin-embedded material were strongly correlated. Only 3 of the 45 cases were diploid. The DNA index was significantly lower in grade 1 than in grade 2-3 tumors. No correlations were found between DNA index and presence of lymph node metastases, but the percent S phase cells was significantly higher in lymph-node-positive tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14484864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplastic anemia and neonatal giant-cell hepatitis.","authors":"C Bosman,&nbsp;D Baldini,&nbsp;R Boldrini,&nbsp;V Gomes,&nbsp;A Donfrancesco,&nbsp;C Miano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report the case of a female infant with bone marrow aplasia associated with neonatal giant-cell hepatitis. In addition to noting the exceptionality of this case, the possible interdependence of the two processes is discussed, and it is proposed that bone marrow aplasia, as in the adult, may represent a complication of viral disease (hepatitis).</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 1","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14484865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudosarcomatous lesions and 'borderline' tumors of soft tissues. Historical review.","authors":"R Lattes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 3","pages":"154-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14174467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cartilaginous tumours of soft tissue.","authors":"C D Fletcher,&nbsp;T Krausz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumours of soft tissue may manifest cartilaginous differentiation as a primary phenomenon (as in chondromas or extraskeletal myxoid and mesenchymal chondrosarcomas) or as a secondary metaplastic feature (most notably in extraskeletal osteosarcomas or malignant nerve sheath tumours). The literature regarding primary cartilaginous tumours is reviewed and their differential diagnosis discussed. Soft tissue chondromas are noteworthy for their tendency to show significant nuclear pleomorphism. Extraskeletal chondrosarcoma is much rarer than its osseous counterpart, accounting for only 1-2% of soft tissue sarcomas. Virtually all such sarcomas can be classified into the myxoid or mesenchymal subtypes, of which myxoid carries a better prognosis. Soft tissue neoplasms which may show focal cartilaginous metaplasia are covered more briefly.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 3","pages":"208-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14174469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary osteoliposarcoma of bone. First observation in the pediatric age group.","authors":"C Bosman,&nbsp;R Boldrini,&nbsp;V Guzzanti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An unusual case of primary bone neoplasm with histologic features of osteoliposarcoma is reported. No more than 5 cases with lesions of corresponding nature can be found in the world literature up to now; our report is the first dealing with a patient of pediatric age.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 1","pages":"56-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14292128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multinucleated giant cells in malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast.","authors":"O Dworák,&nbsp;J Vogel,&nbsp;R K Schmutzler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A case of malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast with unique multinucleated giant cells is reported. The possible nature of the giant cells is discussed briefly. The existence of such giant cells makes judgement of the tumor difficult, so that diagnosis must also be based on other histological criteria of malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"6 4","pages":"281-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14308545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myoglobin, desmin and vimentin in ultrastructurally proven rhabdomyomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. An immunohistochemical study utilizing a series of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.","authors":"T Seidal,&nbsp;L G Kindblom,&nbsp;L Angervall","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study is an immunohistochemical analysis utilizing a series of mono- and polyclonal antibodies to myoglobin, desmin and vimentin in smooth and striated control muscle tissues, 7 alveolar and 7 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas and 1 adult and 1 fetal rhabdomyoma with ultrastructurally proven rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in all the tumors. Formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue was used for the immunohistochemical analysis of all the tumors, while ethanol fixation was also used for the analysis of the control tissues. The staining for myoglobin with the poly- and monoclonal antibody used was positive in both formaldehyde- and ethanol-fixed skeletal and cardiac control muscle. Trypsin treatment abolished the positive staining when the monoclonal antibody was used. Both the striated and smooth control muscle tissues were positively stained by the antidesmin antibodies. The influence of the fixative that was used and the trypsin treatment depended on the antibody used and the type and origin of the muscle tissue. All the tumors were positively stained with the polyclonal antimyoglobin and 8/14 rhabdomyosarcomas and the 2 rhabdomyomas were positively stained with the monoclonal antimyoglobin. All the tumors were positively stained with the polyclonal and 3 of the 5 monoclonal antidesmin antibodies used. Well-differentiated tumor cells were usually positively stained for both myoglobin and desmin. There were small, poorly differentiated tumor cells in the rhabdomyosarcomas and the fetal rhabdomyoma which were positively stained for desmin, whereas very few or no such cells were positively stained for myoglobin. A varying number of mostly small, poorly differentiated tumor cells were positively stained for vimentin in 12 of 14 rhabdomyosarcomas and in the fetal rhabdomyoma. The study showed that one of the monoclonal antidesmin antibodies produced the most consistent result with a positive staining in all cases. The monoclonal antimyoglobin antibody, which is a specific marker of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, is also considered to be of value, although it did not produce positivity in all cases. It remains to be shown whether desmin can help in the diagnosis of poorly or undifferentiated rhabdomyosarcomas without light- or electron-microscopic evidence of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":77670,"journal":{"name":"Applied pathology","volume":"5 4","pages":"201-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14809491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}