Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi最新文献

{"title":"[The beauty perspective of the horizontal lip position].","authors":"B S Hsu,&nbsp;S H Kuang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the present study was to explore the role of horizontal lip position in the evaluation of beauty in a lateral facial profile. The sample size of 1,000 students were randomly selected from all the Junior High Schools in the city of Taipei. One hundred and ten 12-year-old students were judged to be good looking and were selected by 7 panelists of different educational backgrounds. The 110 good-looking students were composed of 83 males and 27 females. Absolute horizontal lip position (the shortest distance between tip of lip and the reference line used) and relative horizontal lip position (the difference between lower and upper lip position) were analyzed between males and females, then between the good-looking group and the non-good-looking groups. The following conclusions were drawn from the results: 1. The requirement on the soft-tissue lateral profile of females is more straight than that of males. 2. According to Ricketts' E line, Steiner's S1 line and Burstone's B line, the relative lip position between 0 to +2 is acceptable to most people. 3. Fullness of lips is more readily accepted by people for males than females. 4. Further investigation of the effectiveness of Holdaway's H line and Sushner's S2 line is desperately needed. Their reference consistency vibrated a lot in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"9 1","pages":"12-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13285347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dark epithelial cells in oral premalignant lesions].","authors":"D R Lai,&nbsp;L M Lin,&nbsp;H R Chen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dark basal epithelial cells (D cells) are characterized by a strong affinity for basic dyes and by the high electron density of the cytoplasm and nucleus. These cells have been considered to be putative dedifferentiated precursors of a neoplastic keratinocyte. They are significantly increased in preneoplastic lesions of the human airway and rat trachea induced with chemical carcinogens and/or tumor promoters. Twenty-four cases of oral premalignant lesions were classified as slight, moderate and severe dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ according to the histologic criteria proposed by MacDonald, katz and Pindborg. The percentage of appearance in D-cells of the dysplastic basal layer was calculated and shown as follows: in slight dysplasia 10.6 +/- 0.6%, in moderate dysplasia 22.9 +/- 0.8%, in severe dysplasia 23.9 +/- 0.4%, and in carcinoma in situ 31.4 +/- 0.9%. This result revealed that the increase in the number of D-cells in the basal epithelial layer was in proportion to the severity of the epithelial dysplasia. Thus, the D-cells probably can be used as an indicator in premalignant lesions of the oral cavity.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"9 1","pages":"20-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13285348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Human mastication and its observation].","authors":"Y Y Shiau","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human mastication is a very complicated three dimensional jaw movement. The movement is driven primarily by the chewing center or the rhythm generator located in the brain stem below the level of the mesencephalus. Recent studies have revealed that the first opening action is voluntary and food determined, while the later opening and closing movements are solely of central regulation. Variability of speed, direction, and range of vertical, horizontal, and anteroposterior deflection ect, in the chewing strokes is reflexly modulated through peripheral and central feedback. The effects of pain in teeth, oral mucosa, muscles and temporomandibular joints on the masticatory movements can be instantaneous and transient. However the altered pattern, if it lasts long, can become one's new pattern and needs time to be eliminated even when the cause is removed. Observation of the jaw movement during mastication requires a system with minimum interference and careful interpretation. Photoelectric, magnetoelectric and radio isotopes have been used although none of them is completely undistorted. The jaw movement during different types of food chewing in different situations have long been studied in detail. The results have suggested a high intraindividual and even higher interindividual difference, which made the categorization of chewing movement impractical. Conclusions drawn from the comparison of normal and abnormal patterns of chewing movement should be based on very carefully defined parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 3","pages":"94-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder syndrome (TMD) in university students--a third year report of the epidemiological study in Taiwan].","authors":"Y Y Shiau,&nbsp;H W Kwan,&nbsp;C Chang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 2033 university students (1161 boys, 872 girls, ages ranged from 17 to 32 years) were examined according to an examination form. Pain and functional disorders of the head and neck muscles and TM joints, as well as the dental occlusal conditions were recorded. Questionnaires relating to personal history, oral habits, experience of pain and disorder, and psychoemotional status were also given and replied. It was found that 42.9% of the students had one or more signs of TMD, and girls suffered slightly more often. The prevalence was not as high as in junior college students, and was about the same as in teenagers reported in the previous two years. Occlusal factors like slide in centric, balancing side contact, dental restoration and molar guidance during protrusion were more often found in the TMD group, while missing teeth, incisal overlap, attrition and cross bite were not. About 34% of the students had a previous experience of TM joint pain and/or clicking while only 20% of them had such symptoms during the examination. More than 60% of the students having joint clicking were not aware of this symptom. The oral habit and bruxism were not found to be more often in the TMD group. Emotional factors such as Type A personality, emotion, stress, anger, etc. had a higher score in the TMD group while tension, anxiety, and competition did not. It could be concluded that TMD is a fairly common syndrome in the youth of Taiwan although not serious or treatment demanded. Psychoemotional factors are as important as dental factors in relation to the TMD symptomatology, if not more important.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 3","pages":"106-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13630747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Chinese periodontal patients at National Taiwan University Hospital. Part I: Basic periodontal information and oral hygiene status.","authors":"L T Hou,&nbsp;C M Liu,&nbsp;M Y Wong,&nbsp;W K Chang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cross-sectional study of 288 subjects with complete periodontal documentation was evaluated to determine the clinical status of periodontal disease. The patients were divided into age group intervals of ten years. The conditions of oral hygiene and their association with the clinical status of periodontal disease were compared and analyzed. Chronological features of the disease and its background development among Chinese patients is also explored. Our results indicated that in the mind of Chinese patients the loss of teeth was considered to be a natural fate of aging, and dental and periodontal problems were viewed merely as a symptom of pain, but not as disease entity. Most patients were completely ignorant of both the importance of oral hygiene care and prevention of periodontal diseases. A high incidence of ill-fitted restorations, lack of motivations, and insufficient knowledge on prevention were common in our subjects. In this study, the oral hygiene index (OHI) in females was found to be lower than that of males. The OHI dropped abruptly after 20 years of age in females and after 30 years of age in males. The lowest gingival index (GI) was found in the 31-40 age group in both sexes. During the later periods of life, the OHI again rose, and this increase appeared earlier in females than in males. The GI corresponded to chronological changes in OHI. There was no statistical difference in GI between the corresponding age groups of males and females. The periodontal disease index (PDI) increased progressively with age in both sexes. However, no significant difference was noted between males and females. The progression of the PDI appeared stationary in the 31-40 age group, which corresponded to the period of lowest GI. In conclusion, our Chinese subjects exhibited poor oral hygiene and had an associated high incidence of periodontal disease. Irrespective of sex, OHI showed a positive correlation with GI. However, there was no obvious correlation between OHI and PDI. In contrast, GI was highly correlated to PDI in the 21-30 and 31-40 age groups in the present study. In addition, the paroxysmal nature of clinical periodontal parameters supports the recently held concept that the onset and progression of periodontal disease is intermittent.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 3","pages":"128-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological study on dental fluorosis and dental caries prevalence in communities with negligible, optimal, and above-optimal fluoride concentrations in drinking water supplies.","authors":"B C Chen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis was assessed in 5,107 children (2,669 boys and 2,438 girls) aged 6 to 16 years who were lifelong residents of Shenkang Hsiang. The drinking water in the various villages in this area contains negligible, optimal, and above-optimal concentrations of natural fluoride. The prevalence of caries in the optimal fluoride areas was 10.7% lower than in the negligible fluoride area. In the above-optimal fluoride areas, even greater protection from caries was evident. Caries protection was compromised, however, in children with severe fluorosis. The effect may result from food, debris, or plaque being entrapped in the hypoplastic defects of severely fluorosed enamel. Data from children residing in the optimal and above-optimal fluoride areas show that older children are affected more by fluorosis than younger children, according to the Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis. The relevant variables associated with secular changes in the prevalence of fluorosis are explored. Of the 14 communities studied, chyuarnshing, Dahturng, and Haaiweei, according to the Community Fluorosis Index, represent a medium fluorosis problem, while Dihngsing and Shehgun represent a slight public health fluorosis problem. The remaining communities have no public health fluorosis problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 3","pages":"117-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Marginal leakage of glass ionomer as filling material for proximal decay in endodontic treatment].","authors":"S Y Huang,&nbsp;B R Duh,&nbsp;S T Chuang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary purpose of sealing proximal tooth defects during endodontic treatment is to prevent fluid, organic or bacterial contamination of the root canal system. At times, glass ionomers are used to restore proximal tooth defects between appointments, and after the root canal therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of glass ionomers in teeth having proximal defects during root canal therapy. Sixty lower molars were extracted and prepared with standard endodontic access procedures. The mesial wall was then removed to mimic a proximal defect, and the tooth was filled with a glass ionomer in various thicknesses--0.8, 1.2 and 1.5 mm, respectively. After thermocycline treatment, all of the teeth were partially immersed in a 1% methylene blue dye for two weeks. During this period, the glass ionomer was directly observed to determine if any marginal leakage occurred. The glass ionomer was unacceptable if the dye penetrated to the interior wall of the pulp chamber. If not, it was classified as acceptable. The results indicated that dye penetration or leakage was least likely to occur in a 1.5 mm glass ionomer group.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 3","pages":"142-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Survey on oral hygiene performance among dental patients in the Taiwan area].","authors":"J H Yao,&nbsp;W J Kao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to determine the level of understanding and the importance placed on oral hygiene (i.e. frequency, time, tools, and attitude towards hygiene with respect to age, sex, and education or socioeconomic status) among dental patients in Taiwan. A total of 748 questionnaires (380 males and 368 females) was obtained, the chi square test was used to analyze the statistical significance of the results. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between oral hygiene habits and the following 1) onset of tooth-brushing as associated with sex and age; 2) frequency of toothbrushing as associated with age, education or socioeconomic status; 3) timing of brushing as associated with age and sex; 4) duration of toothbrushing and age; and, 5) flossing and age. Mean initial toothbrushing age was found to be 4.69 years of age and mean toothbrushing frequency was 2.42 times per day. Of the dental patients investigated, 47.5% did employ dual cleansings after meals and before bedtime. The average toothbrushing time was 1 minute and 53 seconds and brand preferences existed for toothpastes, rather than toothbrushes. It is suggested that dental health education on when to begin brushing a child's teeth and how to form good oral hygiene habits should be provided and reinforced along with periodic assessments of the tooth cleaning tools used for oral hygiene.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 2","pages":"58-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13783098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Observation and identification of porcelain teeth color].","authors":"T S Huang,&nbsp;J T Kau,&nbsp;M F Huang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selection of proper porcelain shade and color matching to the natural dentition is continuously one of the most perplexing and frustrating factors in fixed prosthodontics. A total of 4172 porcelain restorations were collected and categorized according to the Vita Lumin shade guide and the author's view point. After calculating and summing up the data, we found the most frequently used color is reddish-brown, and the least frequently used color is grey-brown. The results suggested a reference of porcelain shade for each tooth. The ability of the dentist in shade selection was not as predicted. Only 50% correct answers were obtained and 19.4% gave completely wrong answers. So we suggest that our data of porcelain color could be used as a reference. Another suggestion is that dentists should have color training in school and it should be a core course of prosthetic dentistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 2","pages":"68-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13783656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desmoplastic amelanotic melanoma of palate: a case report with immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic studies.","authors":"J H Chen,&nbsp;C L Meng,&nbsp;L S Chao,&nbsp;C N Tu,&nbsp;K W Shyu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 24 year-old male with painful swelling over the right side of his palate for about two weeks was presented. An incisional biopsy was performed. In a routine hematoxylin and eosin examination by light microscopy, spindle and epithelioid cells with a bizarre appearance were discernible in the submucosal area. A pagetoid pattern was found in areas of the epithelium. Since this is not a remarkable finding, further examinations, such as the Trichrome-Masson and silver stain, immunohistochemistry using cytokeratin, vimentin, S-100, leukocyte common antigen, factor VIII, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin detection kits, and electron microscopy were all carried out. According to the histological pattern of cells and the positive findings from the special stains, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy, a diagnosis of desmoplastic amelanotic melanoma was made. This variant of melanoma is a rare disorder with unremarkable, non-specific clinical manifestations in the oral cavity, which makes the diagnosis of this disease more difficult. We, therefore, report one case of this disease. Owing to the fact that diagnosis of this variant was mainly based on the positive findings of vimentin and S-100 in the immunohistochemistry examination and intracellular premelanosome detected by electron microscopy, immunodiagnosis and electron microscopy seem to be essential for differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77649,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua ya yi xue hui za zhi","volume":"8 2","pages":"80-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13629408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}