Progress in AIDS pathology最新文献

Pathology of the placenta in HIV-1 infection. HIV-1感染中胎盘的病理变化。

Progress in AIDS pathology Pub Date : 1992-01-01

S Chandwani, M A Greco, K Krasinski, W Borkowsky

引用次数: 0

Pediatric AIDS and perinatal HIV infection in Zaire: epidemiologic and pathologic findings. 扎伊尔儿童艾滋病和围产期艾滋病毒感染:流行病学和病理学发现。

Progress in AIDS pathology Pub Date : 1992-01-01

A M Nelson, A Firpo, M Kamenga, F Davachi, P Angritt, F G Mullick

{"title":"Pediatric AIDS and perinatal HIV infection in Zaire: epidemiologic and pathologic findings.","authors":"A M Nelson, A Firpo, M Kamenga, F Davachi, P Angritt, F G Mullick","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"HIV infection in women and children is a special problem in Zaire and in other countries where heterosexual transmission is predominant. Nearly half of the cases of HIV infection are in women 15 to 30 years old and as many as seven infected infants may be born each year. Whether or not infected at birth, these children have mothers, and often fathers, who are infected and likely to die while they are still very young. Such orphaned children, as well as those whose families cannot provide adequate food and health care, add to the problematic economies of developing countries. The problems of children of HIV-infected mothers in developing countries may be compounded further by factors directly related to their mother's disease. Infected mothers who are sick may produce insufficient levels of antibodies and be unable to provide their children with adequate natural passive immunity before birth. Their infants may also receive inadequate levels of breast-milk-derived antibodies possibly enhancing their already increased susceptibility to perinatal infections, and lastly, the volume of breast milk produced by these mothers may be inadequate for the nutrition of these infants. All these factors may further compromise the already difficult task of distinguishing those infants of HIV-infected mothers who are ill because they are infected from those who are ill because of their mother's disease. Regardless of the mechanisms accounting for the increased vulnerability of infants of HIV--seropositive and AIDS-afflicted mothers to perinatal infections, infant mortality can be expected to increase significantly as a direct consequence of the progression of the HIV pandemic throughout Africa and possibly other developing countries; this in populations already with a total under five-years-of-age mortality rate exceeding 15%. The association of chorioamnionitis with HIV seropositivity and with the clinical status of the mother seems to suggest that impaired maternal immunity increases the risk of premature birth, its consequent lower birth weight, and to HIV or other perinatally acquired infections. The identification of women at higher risk of chorioamnionitis and their treatment might provide a means to decrease the risk of premature delivery and possibly reduce the rate of HIV transmission to their infants. The pathologic changes in organs of infants and children with HIV infection require in-depth, systematic study to better define the natural history of perinatal HIV disease and infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77597,"journal":{"name":"Progress in AIDS pathology","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12773535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology of HIV infection and AIDS in childbearing women in the United States. 美国育龄妇女中HIV感染和艾滋病的流行病学。

Progress in AIDS pathology Pub Date : 1992-01-01

P Stratton

{"title":"Epidemiology of HIV infection and AIDS in childbearing women in the United States.","authors":"P Stratton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"HIV infection and AIDS is of increasing prevalence among women in the United States, as documented by the AIDS surveillance data and HIV-seroprevalence data from pregnant women and parturients. Monitoring epidemiologic trends in childbearing women has required clever and creative strategies like those of Hoff et al. The impact on women in the reproductive years, on the reproductive health of these women, and on the outcome of their pregnancies is of substantial concern. The effect of HIV infection on pregnancy and of pregnancy on HIV infection must be clarified but suggests that monitoring T cell levels in pregnancy may be of benefit in identifying women at risk of serious infections. Treatment of HIV-infected women with antiretroviral and other therapies may happen in the future not only to treat the mother but also to investigate the prevention of in utero transmission. In the meantime, studies of the natural history of HIV infection in HIV-infected pregnant women are necessary to clarify when, by what mechanism, and how to prevent in utero transmission of infection from mother to fetus. The committee on AIDS Research and the Behavioral, Social and Statistical Sciences of the National Research Council is optimistic that \"the statistics derived from the survey of childbearing women in the United States will provide a basis both for projecting future AIDS cases among infants and, perhaps most importantly, for monitoring the prevalence of infection among an important part of the population of heterosexually active women.\" The epidemic of HIV in men, women, and children will be controlled not only by finding effective treatments but also by developing strategies that prevent the spread of infection from one person to another. As Quinn et al. stated in a recent editorial, \"The rate of increase will be influenced markedly by our degree of success in preventing the sexual, parenteral and perinatal transmission of HIV.... Without immediate action, the spread of HIV and related retroviruses is likely to escalate throughout our hemisphere and to have a profound impact on the medical, cultural, economic and political structure of the Americas.\"","PeriodicalId":77597,"journal":{"name":"Progress in AIDS pathology","volume":"3 1","pages":"49-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12773537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection in children in Puerto Rico. The University Pediatric Hospital experience. 波多黎各儿童的症状性人类免疫缺陷病毒感染。大学儿科医院经验。

Progress in AIDS pathology Pub Date : 1992-01-01

C Díaz, J M Garcia-Castro, R López-Correa, A Fernández Sein, M Martin de Pumarejo, J L Colón, B Beauchamp, L Flores, L Lugo

引用次数: 0

Definition and incidence of AIDS-associated CNS lesions. 艾滋病相关中枢神经系统病变的定义和发生率。

Progress in AIDS pathology Pub Date : 1990-01-01

W Lang, J Miklossy, J P Deruaz, G Pizzolato, A Probst, T Schaffner, E Gessaga, P Kleihues

引用次数: 0

The histopathology of tuberculosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a study of nine cases. 获得性免疫缺陷综合征结核的组织病理学:附9例研究。

Progress in AIDS pathology Pub Date : 1990-01-01

G C Yang, R A Schinella