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Does renal osteodystrophy develop and/or progress during the course of rhGH treatment? 肾性骨营养不良在rhGH治疗过程中发生和/或进展吗?
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-08-01
S L Watkins
{"title":"Does renal osteodystrophy develop and/or progress during the course of rhGH treatment?","authors":"S L Watkins","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent expansion of the use of recombinant growth hormone (GH) to non-GH-deficient patients demands close attention to possible complications in these patients, including the effects on bone. Recent studies on the use of GH in children with chronic renal failure (CRF) provide some early data. In several studies of GH in CRF no significant differences in radiographic osteodystrophy scores, serum calcium, phosphorus or parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels between treated and untreated groups have been found. Alkaline phosphatase increases transiently. The effect of ROD on growth response has not yet been reported. Children with CRF treated with GH should be serially monitored for ROD with serial radiographs and for serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and PTH levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"85 ","pages":"59-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19957761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How ACE inhibitors reduce death from myocardial infarction: hypotheses from the AIRE study. Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy study. ACE抑制剂如何降低心肌梗死死亡:来自AIRE研究的假设急性梗死雷米普利疗效研究。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/09503159608412568
S G Ball, A S Hall
{"title":"How ACE inhibitors reduce death from myocardial infarction: hypotheses from the AIRE study. Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy study.","authors":"S G Ball,&nbsp;A S Hall","doi":"10.1080/09503159608412568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503159608412568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doctors treat patients, not populations. 'Evidence-based' practice is essential but extrapolation to the individual patient is always necessary and this fact is well illustrated by data from trials of ACE inhibitors post-myocardial infarction. In the AIRE (Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy) study, 2,006 patients with some evidence of heart failure, even if transient, after a myocardial infarction, were randomised to receive oral ramipril or placebo in addition to standard treatment. Follow-up was for a minimum of six and an average of 15 months. The risk reduction in total mortality was 27% (95% CI 11-40%; p = 0.002); approximately 40 lives might be expected to be saved for every 1000 patients treated for one year. Benefit was apparent within weeks of starting treatment. Additional data from the AIRE study are considered in relation to the findings of other mortality trials. It is argued that ACE inhibitors offer most to those patients with impaired left ventricular function through a mechanism not related to the prevention of myocardial re-infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"84 ","pages":"31-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09503159608412568","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19956692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Influence of ACE inhibition on left ventricular hypertrophy. ACE抑制对左室肥厚的影响。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-07-01
E Agabiti-Rosei, M L Muiesan
{"title":"Influence of ACE inhibition on left ventricular hypertrophy.","authors":"E Agabiti-Rosei,&nbsp;M L Muiesan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Further studies are needed to assess the true clinical impact, in terms of reduced morbidity and mortality, of reversed LVH in hypertensive patients. However, the initial results strongly indicate that either a lack of decrease or an increase in left ventricular mass after antihypertensive treatment is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events, the latter being significantly reduced and almost normalised by a complete reversal of LVH.</p>","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"84 ","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19956689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vascular and cardiac protection by ramipril in spontaneously hypertensive rats: prevention versus regression study. 雷米普利对自发性高血压大鼠血管和心脏的保护:预防与回归研究。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-07-01
P Gohlke, W Linz, B Schölkens, P Van Even, P Martorana, T Unger
{"title":"Vascular and cardiac protection by ramipril in spontaneously hypertensive rats: prevention versus regression study.","authors":"P Gohlke,&nbsp;W Linz,&nbsp;B Schölkens,&nbsp;P Van Even,&nbsp;P Martorana,&nbsp;T Unger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of chronic oral treatment with the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor ramipril at antihypertensive and sub-antihypertensive doses, on vascular morphology and function as well as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and cardiac capillary length density was investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Treatment was commenced before hypertension developed (prevention study) or in adult animals with established hypertension (regression study). In both studies, high-dose ramipril reduced ACE activity in plasma, heart and aorta, normalised blood pressure, and prevented LVH or caused regression of LVH. Low-dose ramipril did not prevent the development of hypertension or LVH, but caused an increase in cardiac capillary length density. In adult hypertensive animals, low-dose ramipril did not reduce blood pressure but caused regression of LVH. In both studies, vascular function as tested in the aortic vessels was improved not only after high- but also after low-dose ACE inhibitor treatment: an inhibition of vascular ACE was associated with attenuated vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine and enhanced dilator responses to acetylcholine and bradykinin. A reduction of vascular hypertrophy/hyperplasia in the mesenteric vessels was achieved by the antihypertensive dose of ramipril in the prevention but not the regression study. Our data demonstrate that an improvement of vascular function in SHR can be achieved by chronic ACE inhibition with ramipril independently of structural changes and of the antihypertensive action exerted by the drug. LVH was reduced even at a sub-antihypertensive dose of ramipril in the regression but not the prevention study. In the prevention study, however, low-dose ramipril, like high-dose ramipril, was able to protect the heart by preventing cardiac microvascular rarefaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"84 ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19956687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Medical management after myocardial infarction: an evidence-based perspective. 心肌梗死后的医疗管理:循证视角
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-07-01
N Sharpe
{"title":"Medical management after myocardial infarction: an evidence-based perspective.","authors":"N Sharpe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are a number of effective therapies to consider for the patient after myocardial infarction (MI). Careful patient assessment and individualisation of treatment is required for maximum benefit. Key aspects of assessment include consideration of continuing myocardial ischaemia, evaluation of LV function, review of risk factors and patient circumstances relevant to rehabilitation. Thrombolysis for eligible patients and acute aspirin are of proven benefit and the priority is to minimise delay in treatment. Aspirin is indicated long term for all patients. Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors and possibly nitrates are also beneficial, but questions remain about optimal timing and combination treatment. Anticoagulants should be considered in selected, high-risk patients. Education-counselling measures should be initiated in hospital and continued with risk-factor modification as part of rehabilitation after discharge. Priority should be given to smoking cessation where applicable, and to reduction of elevated serum cholesterol levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"84 ","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19956691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ACE inhibitor use in elderly patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction: problems and opportunities. ACE抑制剂在老年收缩期左心室功能障碍患者中的应用:问题与机遇。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-07-01
B Pitt
{"title":"ACE inhibitor use in elderly patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction: problems and opportunities.","authors":"B Pitt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ACE inhibitors have been found effective in reducing the morbidity and mortality of both post-infarction patients and those with chronic systolic left ventricular dysfunction. However, their use is limited--particularly in elderly patients because of poor tolerance partly due to bradykinin-induced side-effects such as renal dysfunction, first-dose hypotension, and cough. Thus, the introduction of the angiotensin II type I receptor antagonists--that block the effects of angiotensin II without increasing bradykinin concentration--may be particularly important in the treatment of elderly patients. The role of the angiotensin II type I receptor antagonists in patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction is currently being explored in direct comparison with and in conjunction with the ACE inhibitors. Furthermore, important questions about the most effective dose of ACE inhibitor and ACE inhibitor use in conjunction with aspirin and the NSAIDs still have to be answered. Thus, although we have learnt much about the role of ACE inhibitors in heart failure treatment, we are still at an early stage in the application of this knowledge, particularly in elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"84 ","pages":"11-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19956688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of ACE inhibition on the kidney function of diabetics. ACE抑制对糖尿病患者肾功能的影响。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-07-01
E J Lewis
{"title":"Influence of ACE inhibition on the kidney function of diabetics.","authors":"E J Lewis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"84 ","pages":"23-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19956690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Calcipotriol in other dermatological disorders. 钙化三醇在其他皮肤病中的作用。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-02-01
{"title":"Calcipotriol in other dermatological disorders.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"83 ","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19837205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rationale for the use of vitamin D3 analogues in psoriasis. 使用维生素D3类似物治疗牛皮癣的基本原理。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-02-01
{"title":"Rationale for the use of vitamin D3 analogues in psoriasis.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"83 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19837201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficacy of calcipotriol in psoriasis. 钙化三醇治疗银屑病疗效观察。
British journal of clinical practice. Supplement Pub Date : 1996-02-01
{"title":"Efficacy of calcipotriol in psoriasis.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77500,"journal":{"name":"British journal of clinical practice. Supplement","volume":"83 ","pages":"8-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19837203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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