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Influence of centrifugal blood pumps on the elasticity of erythrocytes. 离心血泵对红细胞弹性的影响。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-10-01
H Schima, C Schlusche, B V Jeremejev, I Schor, G Geihseder, M R Müller, U Losert
{"title":"Influence of centrifugal blood pumps on the elasticity of erythrocytes.","authors":"H Schima,&nbsp;C Schlusche,&nbsp;B V Jeremejev,&nbsp;I Schor,&nbsp;G Geihseder,&nbsp;M R Müller,&nbsp;U Losert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The influence of centrifugal blood pumps on the elasticity of erythrocytes was tested in an in vitro set-up. Fresh bovine blood was pumped by vaneless and impeller blood pumps with low and high hemolytic potential (1L priming volume, flow 5 L/min versus 150 mmHg, pumping time 6 hours). The elasticity of the red blood cells was measured by laser diffraction. Starting with an elasticity of 238 +/- 39, the overall change during 6 hours was 12 +/- 38 compared to a change of the control value of -13 +/- -58. Even a pump with very high hemolytic potential (Hemolysis index 21.9) did not cause relevant changes of elasticity. It is concluded that 1) elasticity is not a useful parameter to use in the evaluation of centrifugal pumps, and 2) the mechanical trauma caused by centrifugal pumps produces no relevant permanent alteration of the elastic properties of red blood cells, at least under in-vitro conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 4","pages":"658-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12930714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of pressure-volume-flow relationships in centrifugal and roller pump extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems for neonates. 新生儿体外膜氧合系统中离心式和滚柱泵压力-体积-流量关系的比较。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-10-01
T P Green, P Kriesmer, R H Steinhorn, N R Payne, R J Irmiter, C L Meyer
{"title":"Comparison of pressure-volume-flow relationships in centrifugal and roller pump extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems for neonates.","authors":"T P Green,&nbsp;P Kriesmer,&nbsp;R H Steinhorn,&nbsp;N R Payne,&nbsp;R J Irmiter,&nbsp;C L Meyer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theoretical advantages and risks exist for the use of both the centrifugal and roller pump systems in neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The authors studied the pressure-volume-flow relationships in clinically configured ECMO systems using these two pumps and a simulated patient to characterize differences in the circuit mechanics of the two systems, and thereby improve the design of subsequent clinical comparative trials of the pumps themselves. The relationship between flow and pressure generated across the pump was identical for the two systems. Within the range of clinically used flows, there was a direct relationship between pump revolution and flow with the roller pump, and between pump revolution and pressure generated for the centrifugal pump. Flow was limited in both systems by restrictions on negative pressure generating capacity. In the roller pump circuit, the venous reservoir (bladder box) assembly interrupted flow when negative pressure exceeded -20 mmHg; in the centrifugal pump system, forward flow stopped when negative pressure exceeded -100 mmHg. Volume had no detectable effect on the patient-pump inlet pressure gradient until critically low volumes were reached. At that point, removal of a few milliliters of volume led to large increases in the pressure gradient. The authors conclude that differences in pressure-volume-flow relationships between roller and centrifugal pump ECMO systems are due to the presence of the bladder box in the roller pump circuit. The advantages and disadvantages of the greater negative pressure in the centrifugal pump system require further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 4","pages":"572-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12930880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In vitro flow characteristics of a new pump with a high inherent sensitivity to venous return. 一种对静脉回流具有高固有敏感性的新型泵的体外流动特性。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-10-01
J Liska, S Lundbäck, B K Semb
{"title":"In vitro flow characteristics of a new pump with a high inherent sensitivity to venous return.","authors":"J Liska,&nbsp;S Lundbäck,&nbsp;B K Semb","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new type of pump, the differential displacement pump, has recently been developed. The new pump and a conventional pneumatic displacement pump were evaluated with respect to pump flow, filling pressures, stroke frequency, and inflow pattern under equivalent test conditions. The pumps were connected via inlet and outlet cannulas to a Donovan hydraulic circulation analogue. The differential displacement pump showed a high sensitivity to filling pressure in the range of 2.3-9.6 L/min/mmHg, and a high efficiency as long as the stroke volume was submaximal. The inflow was continuous and pulsatile with a maximal forward flow velocity during systole as long as the maximal stroke volume was not employed. In contrast, the conventional displacement pump showed low sensitivity to filling pressures, a discontinuous inflow, with a maximal inlet cannula forward flow during diastole and a substantial flow reversal during systole. These results indicate that the differential displacement pump is a better concept with respect to sensitivity to venous return, and that it provides an inflow pattern and regulation of pump flow similar to that of the biologic heart.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 4","pages":"592-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12930884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pulsatile flow and EC morphology in a VAD-like chamber. vad样腔室的脉动流和EC形态。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-07-01
P I Lelkes, M M Samet
{"title":"Pulsatile flow and EC morphology in a VAD-like chamber.","authors":"P I Lelkes,&nbsp;M M Samet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 3","pages":"M315-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12913749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In vivo catecholamine extraction during continuous hemodiafiltration in inotrope-dependent patients. 肌力依赖患者连续血液滤过过程中体内儿茶酚胺的提取。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-07-01
R Bellomo, B McGrath, N Boyce
{"title":"In vivo catecholamine extraction during continuous hemodiafiltration in inotrope-dependent patients.","authors":"R Bellomo,&nbsp;B McGrath,&nbsp;N Boyce","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many critically ill patients require inotropic or vasopressor support to maintain adequate oxygen delivery. Removal of catecholamines by continuous hemodiafiltration (CHD) could alter exogenous catecholamine requirements. The authors have studied hemodynamic state, catecholamine clearances, and catecholamine requirements in 12 critically ill patients (mean APACHE II score, 24.5) receiving CHD. Hemodynamic parameters were assessed before CHD initiation, and at 4 and 24 hours of therapy. Simultaneous determinations of serum and ultradiafiltrate dopamine (D), norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (E) concentrations were obtained. There were no significant changes in any of many hemodynamic parameters measured during CHD. Mean catecholamine requirements were not altered by CHD. Plasma catecholamine levels were not significantly affected by CHD (mean values at 0, 4, and 24 hours: D: 10,801, 12,056, and 8,797 pg/ml; NE: 1124, 566, and 926 pg/ml; E: 1,420, 1,383, and 843 pg/ml). Catecholamine clearances from CHD (D:43.7 ml/min; NE: 43.5 ml/min; and E: 46.6 ml/min) resulted in daily excretion of only 379 micrograms D, 32.9 micrograms NE, and 37.2 micrograms E. Clearances of catecholamines by CHD represented a daily loss of less than 0.1% of the administered load. In conclusion, although CHD can remove circulating catecholamines, cumulative daily catecholamine extraction is minimal in pharmacologic terms, and has no impact on hemodynamic status.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 3","pages":"M324-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12913752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Myocardial tolerance to ischemia after resuscitation. Direct mechanical ventricular actuation versus cardiopulmonary bypass. 复苏后心肌对缺血的耐受。直接机械心室驱动与体外循环。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-07-01
M P Anstadt, J E Taber, P J Hendry, M D Plunkett, M Tedder, J A Menius, J E Lowe
{"title":"Myocardial tolerance to ischemia after resuscitation. Direct mechanical ventricular actuation versus cardiopulmonary bypass.","authors":"M P Anstadt,&nbsp;J E Taber,&nbsp;P J Hendry,&nbsp;M D Plunkett,&nbsp;M Tedder,&nbsp;J A Menius,&nbsp;J E Lowe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed myocardial ischemia after resuscitation from cardiac arrest using direct mechanical ventricular actuation (DMVA) or cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Myocardial ischemic tolerance was better after DMVA resuscitation. Resuscitation using DMVA, when compared with CPB, may improve outcome when subsequent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 3","pages":"M518-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12914069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protamine-coated Cuprophan. A potential nonthrombogenic hemodialysis membrane with improved blood compatibility. Protamine-coated Cuprophan。改善血液相容性的潜在非血栓性血液透析膜。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-07-01
V C Yang, Y Y Fu, J S Kim
{"title":"Protamine-coated Cuprophan. A potential nonthrombogenic hemodialysis membrane with improved blood compatibility.","authors":"V C Yang,&nbsp;Y Y Fu,&nbsp;J S Kim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A protamine-coated Cuprophan hemodialysis membrane possessing improved blood compatibility was developed. Protamine was covalently immobilized onto the inner walls of the Cuprophan hollow fibers, using the cyanogen bromide (CNBr) activation method. Studies conducted with aqueous solutions indicated that the immobilization process did not introduce deterioration of the membrane mechanical and mass transfer properties; the permeability of several compounds through the protamine-coated membrane was unchanged. The modified membrane was rendered nonthrombogenic by the adsorption of heparin to the protamine-bound surfaces. Heparin adsorbed on the immobilized protamine retained about 20% of its initial anticoagulant activity. Preliminary studies using the hemolytic complement assay indicated that complement activation by the protamine-coated membrane was statistically far less than that by the untreated membrane.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 3","pages":"M229-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12914263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental study of a new tracheal prosthesis made from collagen-grafted mesh. 新型胶原网气管假体的实验研究。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-07-01
N Okumura, T Nakamura, Y Shimizu, T Natsume, Y Ikada
{"title":"Experimental study of a new tracheal prosthesis made from collagen-grafted mesh.","authors":"N Okumura,&nbsp;T Nakamura,&nbsp;Y Shimizu,&nbsp;T Natsume,&nbsp;Y Ikada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The efficiency of a new tracheal prosthesis was studied. The prosthesis consists of fine Marlex mesh reinforced with a continuous Teflon spiral, and it is grafted and coated with pig collagen, with the aim of promoting connective tissue infiltration and providing air-tightness during the initial stage of implantation. Complete surgical resection and replacement of a 4-6 tracheal ring segment of the cervical trachea was performed in 13 adult mongrel dogs. Except for two dogs that developed anastomotic insufficiency, the prostheses in all dogs were infiltrated by the surrounding connective tissue, and were completely incorporated by the host trachea at the anastomotic sites. Formation of respiratory epithelium that lined the prosthesis lumen, was seen to varying degrees, and in one dog killed at 4 months after reconstruction, this was confirmed histologically from the upper to the lower anastomosis of the prosthesis. Stenosis of the lumen often occurred, however, due to deformation of the prosthesis and overgrowth of granulation tissue. The authors conclude that this tracheal prosthesis is highly biocompatible, and might be useful for repairing tracheal defects by improving prosthesis processing, especially that used for insertion of stents.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 3","pages":"M317-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12885538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of dialysis factors and route of administration on response of hemodialysis patients to recombinant human erythropoietin. 透析因素及给药途径对血液透析患者重组人促红细胞生成素反应的影响。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-07-01
A Besarab, F M Besarab, D Miller
{"title":"Effects of dialysis factors and route of administration on response of hemodialysis patients to recombinant human erythropoietin.","authors":"A Besarab,&nbsp;F M Besarab,&nbsp;D Miller","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data on the use of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) were obtained from 25 hemodialysis centers to determine whether route of administration (intravenous [i.v.] vs. subcutaneous [s.c.]) or various dialysis factors influenced the response to rHuEPO; 844 of 958 patients had sufficient data for evaluation. Hematocrit (HCT) increased from 23.8 to 29.1% after a mean rHuEPO treatment period of 202 days; 48.4% of all patients did not reach a HCT greater than or equal to 29%. The s.c. route increased HCT more than the i.v. route. Multivariate analysis of the response (i.e., increase in HCT from baseline) showed a positive correlation with more rapid dialysis but a negative correlation with reuse, baseline HCT, transfusion dependence, and frequency of administration. The effects of dialysis and reuse were not present when the response was normalized by weekly dose. It was concluded that one half of all patients treated did not attain the recommended target HCT, perhaps due to economic constraints or resetting of goals. The s.c. route may be preferable to optimize response.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 3","pages":"M181-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12913740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neoendothelial healing of modified EPTFE grafts. 改良EPTFE移植物的新内皮细胞愈合。
ASAIO transactions Pub Date : 1991-07-01
M Kodama, K Hirabayashi
{"title":"Neoendothelial healing of modified EPTFE grafts.","authors":"M Kodama,&nbsp;K Hirabayashi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (EPTFE) grafts have poor neoendothelial healing characteristics and low patency rates after long-term implantation. The authors have shown that this is due to the low porosity of currently used EPTFE grafts (20-30 microns fibril length). The inner surface coated grafts made of long antithrombogenic material fibrils (40-60 microns) are desirable, especially for small diameter grafts. The authors have implanted these surface modified grafts (coated grafts) and noncoated grafts into abdominal arteries of rats and observed good patency rates, and the effects of surface modification of the grafts on stable endothelial tissue growth. The authors used four different kinds of grafts (fibril length, 20, 40, 60, and 90 microns, respectively) to investigate the effect of porosity. High porosity (long fibril length) grafts induce good neoendothelial healing and collagen production.</p>","PeriodicalId":77493,"journal":{"name":"ASAIO transactions","volume":"37 3","pages":"M306-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12913747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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