Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)最新文献_第4页

63rd scientific sessions of the American Heart Association: Nutrition. Dallas, Texas, November 1990. Abstracts. 美国心脏协会第63届科学会议:营养。达拉斯，德州，1990年11月。摘要。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01

引用次数: 0

Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triacylglycerol lipase activities in peripheral and skeletal muscle lymph. 外周和骨骼肌淋巴中脂蛋白脂肪酶和肝甘油三酯脂肪酶的活性。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.720

J Huang, C H Sloop, P S Roheim, L Wong

{"title":"Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triacylglycerol lipase activities in peripheral and skeletal muscle lymph.","authors":"J Huang, C H Sloop, P S Roheim, L Wong","doi":"10.1161/01.atv.10.5.720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.720","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the interstitial fluid concentration of two lipid-metabolizing enzymes (lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triacylglycerol lipase) to determine their importance in interstitial modification of filtered lipoproteins. Despite the use of a very sensitive lipase assay (1 nmol of fatty acid release/ml/hr), lipase activities in plasma and in peripheral and skeletal muscle lymph from control dogs were below the sensitivity of our assay. After heparin injection, hepatic triacylglycerol lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities in plasma were similar. However, the postheparin hepatic triacylglycerol lipase activities in peripheral and skeletal muscle lymph were only 1.4% and 1.1%, respectively, those of plasma. This concentration is considerably less than the lymph concentration of albumin, which has a similar size to the lipases but has a lymph concentration of 30% to 40% of plasma. Lipoprotein lipase activity in peripheral lymph and skeletal muscle lymph was 2.7% and 4.8%, respectively, of plasma activity. Since lipoprotein lipase has a similar size as hepatic triacylglycerol lipase, the disproportionate amount of lipoprotein lipase in lymph as compared to hepatic triacylglycerol lipase could be due to heparin crossing the capillary endothelium and displacing lipoprotein lipase from peripheral cells. Injection of radioactive heparin confirmed that it does cross into the interstitial space in sufficient concentrations to displace lipase from peripheral cells. We conclude that most of the lipase found in lymph after heparin injection is derived from peripheral cells and not from plasma. Furthermore, hepatic triacylglycerol lipase does not play a role in high density lipoprotein remodeling in interstitial fluid. Therefore, it seems likely that the considerable remodeling of high density lipoprotein that we found previously results from its interaction with peripheral cells.","PeriodicalId":77492,"journal":{"name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)","volume":"10 5","pages":"720-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.720","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13550487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Microalbuminuria. Potential marker for increased cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic subjects? 微蛋白尿。非糖尿病患者心血管危险因素增加的潜在标志?

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.727

S M Haffner, M P Stern, M K Gruber, H P Hazuda, B D Mitchell, J K Patterson

{"title":"Microalbuminuria. Potential marker for increased cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic subjects?","authors":"S M Haffner, M P Stern, M K Gruber, H P Hazuda, B D Mitchell, J K Patterson","doi":"10.1161/01.atv.10.5.727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.727","url":null,"abstract":"Microalbuminuria is associated with progression to renal disease in insulin-dependent diabetes and with increased mortality in noninsulin-dependent diabetes. In contrast, few studies have addressed the effect of microalbuminuria on cardiovascular risk in nondiabetics. We, therefore, determined the level of microalbuminuria in 316 nondiabetic subjects from the San Antonio Heart Study, a population-based study of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. Microalbuminuria (greater than or equal to 30 mg/l) was found in 42 of these 316 subjects (13%). Subjects with microalbuminuria had significantly higher blood pressure, triglyceride concentration, sum of insulin concentrations during a glucose tolerance test, and prevalence of hypertension and of self-reported myocardial infarction than subjects without microalbuminuria. When subjects with hypertension were excluded (n = 27), normotensive subjects with microalbuminuria (n = 31) still had significantly higher triglyceride concentrations and insulin sum than normotensive subjects without microalbuminuria (n = 258), suggesting that an increased atherogenic risk factor pattern exists even in normotensive subjects with microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria may be a marker for cardiovascular risk, although it is not certain whether microalbuminuria causes these metabolic changes or results from some metabolic disturbance such as insulin resistance.","PeriodicalId":77492,"journal":{"name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)","volume":"10 5","pages":"727-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.727","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13552512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 288

Cationic polypeptides modulate in vitro association of low density lipoprotein with arterial proteoglycans, fibroblasts, and arterial tissue. 阳离子多肽在体外调节低密度脂蛋白与动脉蛋白聚糖、成纤维细胞和动脉组织的关联。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.695

O Wiklund, G Camejo, L Mattsson, F Lopez, G Bondjers

{"title":"Cationic polypeptides modulate in vitro association of low density lipoprotein with arterial proteoglycans, fibroblasts, and arterial tissue.","authors":"O Wiklund, G Camejo, L Mattsson, F Lopez, G Bondjers","doi":"10.1161/01.atv.10.5.695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.695","url":null,"abstract":"Polymers of lys (plys) and arg (parg) were found to be efficient inhibitors of the formation of complexes between low density lipoprotein (LDL) and human chondroitin-6-sulfate-rich proteoglycans. Displacement curves indicate that efficiency was dependent on molecular weight. Inclusion of alanine in the polymer up to a 1:1 molar ratio (plys,ala) has a moderate effect on displacing capacity. Poly-L-lys (plys) and poly-L-arg (parg) exhibited similar displacing ability. Inclusion of tryptophan in plys and parg diminished their effect, whereas inclusion of serine in plys,ser (3:1) improved it. Plys (18.3 kD) stimulates LDL binding to human fibroblasts. This may be due to the association of polylysine to LDL, leading to an increase in its positive charge. These more positively charged LDL may have an increased association with the negatively charged region of the apolipoprotein B/E receptor. Perfusion experiments on rabbit aortic segments were used to measure the influx of 125I-LDL into the intima and to study the effect of basic polypeptides. Plys in a 10:1 molar ratio decreased the LDL uptake by approximately 25% when added to the system together with the LDL or in experiments in which the tissue segments were pre-perfused with plys, and LDL was added after elimination of the plys. The results suggest that polycationic polypeptides, due to their strong affinity for sulfated proteoglycans, interfere with the interactions of LDL with components of the arterial extracellular matrix.","PeriodicalId":77492,"journal":{"name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)","volume":"10 5","pages":"695-702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.695","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13550484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Role of dying endothelial cells in transendothelial macromolecular transport. 濒死内皮细胞在跨内皮大分子运输中的作用。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.703

S J Lin, K M Jan, S Chien

{"title":"Role of dying endothelial cells in transendothelial macromolecular transport.","authors":"S J Lin, K M Jan, S Chien","doi":"10.1161/01.atv.10.5.703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.703","url":null,"abstract":"There are focal areas in the aorta with an enhanced endothelial permeability to macromolecules, as indicated by the focal uptake of the protein-binding azo dye Evans blue in vivo. These areas exhibit high rates of endothelial cell turnover and a number of structural characteristics in en face endothelial morphology. To determine the relationship of endothelial cell death to macromolecular leakage at the level of individual endothelial cells, thoracic aortas of 12 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied at 3 to 5 minutes after intravenous administration of Evans blue-albumin (EBA). Leakage of EBA around individual endothelial cells in en face preparations of the aorta was visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Dying or dead endothelial cells were identified by indirect immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunocytochemistry. Although endothelial cell death is uncommon in normal aortic endothedium (i.e., an average frequency of 0.48%), a high percentage (63%) of IgG-containing dying or dead endothelial cells was found to be associated with EBA leakage. These dying or dead endothelial cells were responsible for 37% of total EBA leaky foci. The results suggest that, in addition to mitotic endothelial cells, the dying or dead endothelial cells also make significant contributions to the local enhancement in aortic endothelial permeability. The present findings lend further support to the \"cell turnover-leaky junction\" hypothesis for the localization of atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":77492,"journal":{"name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)","volume":"10 5","pages":"703-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12862582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 102

Effect of dietary magnesium on development of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. 饲粮镁对高胆固醇家兔动脉粥样硬化发展的影响。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.732

Y Ouchi, R E Tabata, K Stergiopoulos, F Sato, A Hattori, H Orimo

{"title":"Effect of dietary magnesium on development of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits.","authors":"Y Ouchi, R E Tabata, K Stergiopoulos, F Sato, A Hattori, H Orimo","doi":"10.1161/01.atv.10.5.732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.732","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) on the development of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits was investigated. Male New Zealand White rabbits (n = 31) were placed on five kinds of diets: regular, 1% cholesterol, and 1% cholesterol diets supplemented with either 300, 600, or 900 mg (as Mg) of Mg sulfate. The regular and 1% cholesterol diets contained 400 mg of Mg per 100 g. Each rabbit received 100 g daily of the appropriate diet. Additional Mg was well tolerated and did not affect blood pressure or body weight. The rabbits were sacrificed after 10 weeks, and the oil red O-positive atherosclerotic area that covered the aortic intima and the cholesterol content of the aorta was measured. Additional Mg decreased both the area of the aortic lesions and the cholesterol content of the aortas in a dose-dependent manner. The 1% cholesterol diet significantly increased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration. Additional Mg had no further effect on cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentrations, but it slightly decreased the rise in triglyceride concentration. These results indicate that dietary Mg prevents the development of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits by inhibiting lipid accumulation in the aortic wall.","PeriodicalId":77492,"journal":{"name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)","volume":"10 5","pages":"732-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.732","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13552519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 70

Lipoprotein(a). A unique risk factor for atherothrombotic disease. 脂蛋白(a)。动脉粥样硬化性血栓疾病的独特危险因素。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.672

J Loscalzo

引用次数: 297

Macrophage and smooth muscle cell proliferation in atherosclerotic lesions of WHHL and comparably hypercholesterolemic fat-fed rabbits. 巨噬细胞和平滑肌细胞增殖在WHHL和高胆固醇脂肪喂养兔的动脉粥样硬化病变。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.680

M E Rosenfeld, R Ross

{"title":"Macrophage and smooth muscle cell proliferation in atherosclerotic lesions of WHHL and comparably hypercholesterolemic fat-fed rabbits.","authors":"M E Rosenfeld, R Ross","doi":"10.1161/01.atv.10.5.680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.680","url":null,"abstract":"Lesions of atherosclerosis were analyzed at varying stages of development in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) and comparably hypercholesterolemic fat-fed (FF) rabbits for the capacity to incorporate thymidine into proliferating cells within both the intima and the underlying media. An identical inverse relationship between the intimal/medial ratio (which reflects both lesion size and severity) and the labeling index was observed for both the WHHL and FF rabbits. Analysis of the spatial distribution of the labeled cells within each lesion revealed the highest rates of thymidine incorporation in cells situated within the superficial areas and lateral margins of the lesions. Up to 12% of the labeled cells were foam cells, which were predominantly located immediately beneath the endothelium and within the lateral margins. Some labeled macrophages were also observed within the necrotic core of advanced lesions. There were no differences in the labeling indexes at differing sites in the aorta, providing lesions of comparable size were compared. Simultaneous thymidine autoradiography and immunostaining with cell type-specific monoclonal antibodies revealed that approximately 30% of the labeled cells were macrophages and 45% were smooth muscle cells in advanced lesions from both WHHL and FF rabbits.","PeriodicalId":77492,"journal":{"name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)","volume":"10 5","pages":"680-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13550483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 323

Does measurement of apolipoprotein B have a place in cholesterol management? 载脂蛋白B的测量在胆固醇管理中有作用吗?

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.668

G L Vega, S M Grundy

引用次数: 79

Extracranial carotid atherosclerosis in patients with and without transient ischemic attacks and coronary artery disease. 颅外颈动脉粥样硬化伴或不伴短暂性脑缺血发作和冠状动脉疾病的患者。

Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.) Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.714

G Howard, J E Ryu, G W Evans, W M McKinney, J F Toole, K E Murros, J R Crouse

{"title":"Extracranial carotid atherosclerosis in patients with and without transient ischemic attacks and coronary artery disease.","authors":"G Howard, J E Ryu, G W Evans, W M McKinney, J F Toole, K E Murros, J R Crouse","doi":"10.1161/01.atv.10.5.714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.714","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the extent of extracranial carotid atherosclerosis as evaluated by a B-mode ultrasound score in four groups of hospitalized patients: hospital controls free of both cerebrovascular symptoms and coronary atherosclerosis (HC, n = 245); patients with coronary atherosclerosis but without cerebrovascular symptoms (CAD, n = 382); patients with transient ischemic attacks but asymptomatic for coronary atherosclerosis (TIA, n = 107); and patients having both transient ischemic attacks and symptomatic coronary events (TIA + CAD, n = 39). The unadjusted B-mode scores were lowest for the HC group, intermediate for the CAD group, and highest for the TIA or TIA + CAD groups (no difference between these two groups). However, after adjustment for age (or age and other risk factors), we could find no significant differences among the CAD, TIA, and TIA + CAD groups, while the HC group had significantly lower adjusted scores. These data suggest that 1) accentuated development of carotid atherosclerosis is associated with both TIA and CAD and 2) the apparent differences in extracranial carotid atherosclerosis between coronary and cerebrovascular patients are partly attributable to differences in risk factor profiles (most notably age). The potentially accentuated rate of development of extracranial atherosclerosis in patients with CAD mandates a low threshold for cerebrovascular evaluation in CAD patients.","PeriodicalId":77492,"journal":{"name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)","volume":"10 5","pages":"714-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1161/01.atv.10.5.714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13550486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39