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Production of xylanase by Verticillium dahliae. 大丽花黄萎病菌生产木聚糖酶的研究。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-10-01
A H Bahkali
{"title":"Production of xylanase by Verticillium dahliae.","authors":"A H Bahkali","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Xylan induced the production of xylanase by Verticillium dahliae. Other cellulolytic enzymes such as glucanase and beta-glucosidase were synthesized in smaller quantities. The process of degradation indicated that xylanase behaved like a typical endo-enzyme causing first production of high mol, wt. products, and indicated that V. dahliae produced at least three enzymes which degrade xylan.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 4","pages":"363-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12938614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Capsule-like structures in Clostridium difficile strains. 艰难梭菌菌株的囊状结构。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-10-01
L Baldassarri, G Donelli, M Cerquetti, P Mastrantonio
{"title":"Capsule-like structures in Clostridium difficile strains.","authors":"L Baldassarri,&nbsp;G Donelli,&nbsp;M Cerquetti,&nbsp;P Mastrantonio","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fourteen strains of Clostridium difficile, previously characterized by SDS-PAGE, were examined for the presence of surface structures. None of the strains were fimbriated but, when grown in the presence of glucose, all exhibited a thin ruthenium red-positive layer. Two strains, belonging to different electrophoretic groups, were also observed after treatment with homologous and heterologous antisera. The strain belonging to the electrophoretic group 2, usually associated with the disease, showed a 30-80nm thick capsule in ultrathin sections. The strains belonging to group 5, mainly observed in isolates from healthy children, exhibited a thinner polysaccharide layer (10-20 nm). No stabilization was observed when these strains were treated with heterologous antisera. This capsule-like material did not seem to be associated with adhesive properties of C. difficile strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 4","pages":"295-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12887260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening of HBV-DNA in chronic HBsAg carriers. 慢性HBsAg携带者HBV-DNA的筛选。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-10-01
F Bevilacqua, A Conti, A Marcello, G Angelini, D Di Piramo, M Rassu, L Dolci, L Piacentini, G Palù
{"title":"Screening of HBV-DNA in chronic HBsAg carriers.","authors":"F Bevilacqua,&nbsp;A Conti,&nbsp;A Marcello,&nbsp;G Angelini,&nbsp;D Di Piramo,&nbsp;M Rassu,&nbsp;L Dolci,&nbsp;L Piacentini,&nbsp;G Palù","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A series of 52 serum samples from chronic HBsAg carriers was tested for the presence of HBV-DNA by means of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Liquid Phase Hybridization (LPH). The samples were obtained from two groups of patients: group A included 34 chronic HBsAg carriers (\"healthy\" individuals) without hepatocytolysis or viral replication; group B included 18 chronic HBsAg carriers with signs of hepatocytolysis (ALT levels at least twice the normal value) and activated markers of viral replication. PCR was superior to LPH in group A, with 7/34 versus 5/34 positive samples being detected, respectively. No difference in sensitivity was found between the two techniques in group B, since 9/18 samples were positive both cases. The data stress the need to adopt PCR for the HBV-DNA screening of HBeAg-/HBsAg+-carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 4","pages":"279-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12937947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biological effects of Veillonella parvula and Bacteroides intermedius lipopolysaccharides. 细小细孔菌和中间拟杆菌脂多糖的生物学效应。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-10-01
G Matera, M C Liberto, M C Berlinghieri, A Focà
{"title":"Biological effects of Veillonella parvula and Bacteroides intermedius lipopolysaccharides.","authors":"G Matera,&nbsp;M C Liberto,&nbsp;M C Berlinghieri,&nbsp;A Focà","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comparative study on the endotoxic effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Veillonella parvula ATCC 10790 and from Bacteroides intermedius BMH was performed using an in vivo approach in the C57BL/6 mouse. Phenol-water extracted LPS of such anaerobes was purified by ultracentrifugation and DNase/RNase digestion, and characterized by a metachromatic assay for endotoxins and by electrophoresis on SDS-polyacrylamide gel and silver staining. Mouse LD50 for V. parvula LPS was 1.479 mg and for B. intermedius greater than 3.160 mg. Sublethal amounts of the LPS from anaerobes as well as from facultative aerobes decreased daily water intake and body weight in the mouse. Endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium SL1102, Escherichia coli 0128:B12 and V. parvula had a strong effect on water intake and body weight, whereas Bacteroides intermedius LPS activity was very weak. The results of the present report suggest that V. parvula LPS has a toxic in vivo activity on mouse, which is comparable to LPS from classic enteric organisms and stronger than B. intermedius LPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 4","pages":"315-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12938607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Borreliosis risk after tick bite in north-eastern Italy. 意大利东北部蜱虫叮咬后出现疏螺旋体病风险。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-07-01
R Milanese, M Marin, A Antonini-Canterin, M Crovatto, M L Modolo, I Scian, A M Cilia, G F Santini
{"title":"Borreliosis risk after tick bite in north-eastern Italy.","authors":"R Milanese,&nbsp;M Marin,&nbsp;A Antonini-Canterin,&nbsp;M Crovatto,&nbsp;M L Modolo,&nbsp;I Scian,&nbsp;A M Cilia,&nbsp;G F Santini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lyme Borreliosis is an infectious disease caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete transmitted to man by a tick bite. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of tick bites for the diagnosis of Borreliosis in a sample of 266 subjects residing in an endemic area of north-eastern Italy. In the serological diagnosis of Borreliosis, positive and negative predictive values of tick bites were found to be 24% and 88% respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 3","pages":"257-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13080832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reemergence of Shigella dysenteriae type 2 in Sicily: an epidemiological evaluation. 西西里岛2型志贺氏痢疾杆菌再次出现:流行病学评价。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-07-01
A Nastasi, C Mammina, M R Villafrate, G Dicuonzo, E Aiello, G Scaglione
{"title":"Reemergence of Shigella dysenteriae type 2 in Sicily: an epidemiological evaluation.","authors":"A Nastasi,&nbsp;C Mammina,&nbsp;M R Villafrate,&nbsp;G Dicuonzo,&nbsp;E Aiello,&nbsp;G Scaglione","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three strains of Shigella dysenteriae type 2 were isolated from a small household outbreak which occurred in Palermo, Sicily, during summer 1990. Two isolates were recovered from hospitalized patients and one from an asymptomatic carrier. The infection could not be associated with travel to foreign countries or contact with travellers returned from abroad. Since 1953 S. dysenteriae has been never isolated in Southern Italy. The isolates from dysentery cases were susceptible to antibiotics and carried a plasmid of 120 MDa associated with a small cryptic plasmid; in contrast, the strain isolated from the healthy carrier contained an additional plasmid of approximately 40 MDa, which codified for resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. All strains showed some atypical biochemical properties, but their rRNA-DNA patterns of hybridization were closely similar to that of the reference strains of type 2 and easily distinguishable from those of the other types of non-Shiga bacillus reference strains. Epidemiological isolation features of these strains suggest a possible circulation of this Shigella species in Sicily. Genetic characterization of these strains may be useful for surveillance of infections by this organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 3","pages":"219-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13080967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies among children and teenagers in Italy. 意大利儿童和青少年中弓形虫抗体的流行
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-07-01
M E Moschen, T Stroffolini, S Arista, D Pistoia, A Giammanco, A Azara, D De Mattia, M Chiaramonte, G Rigo, B Scarpa
{"title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies among children and teenagers in Italy.","authors":"M E Moschen,&nbsp;T Stroffolini,&nbsp;S Arista,&nbsp;D Pistoia,&nbsp;A Giammanco,&nbsp;A Azara,&nbsp;D De Mattia,&nbsp;M Chiaramonte,&nbsp;G Rigo,&nbsp;B Scarpa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between 1987 and 1989, the prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii was determined by ELISA in serum samples from 1,494 apparently healthy subjects, 3-18 years old. Subjects were selected by a systematic cluster sampling from five geographical areas in Italy. The overall prevalence of antibodies was 17.9%, increasing from 4.7% in 4-6 year olds to 28.4% in 17-18 year olds (P less than 0.01). A slight predominance was observed among males (18.2% vs. 17.5% in females), as well as among subjects residing in Southern Italy and the Islands (21.9% vs. 19.2% in subjects residing in the North), but neither difference was statistically significant. Toxoplasma infection was associated with sociodemographic factors. Subjects belonging to a household with six or more persons had a 1.8-fold risk (C.I. 95% = 1.3-2.6) and subjects whose fathers had less than six years of schooling had a 2.7-fold rosk (C.I. 95% = 1.8-3.9) of previous exposure to toxoplasma infection. Considering the large proportion (70%) of young women entering childbearing age without toxoplasma antibodies, it appears that the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis will not be negligible in Italy in forthcoming years.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 3","pages":"229-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13080969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A high degree of exposure to hepatitis A virus infection in urban children in Cameroon. 喀麦隆城市儿童高度暴露于甲型肝炎病毒感染。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-07-01
T Stroffolini, M Chiaramonte, T Ngatchu, M Rapicetta, B Sarrecchia, P Chionne, D Lantum, R Naccarato
{"title":"A high degree of exposure to hepatitis A virus infection in urban children in Cameroon.","authors":"T Stroffolini,&nbsp;M Chiaramonte,&nbsp;T Ngatchu,&nbsp;M Rapicetta,&nbsp;B Sarrecchia,&nbsp;P Chionne,&nbsp;D Lantum,&nbsp;R Naccarato","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In January 1989, the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) was determined by ELISA in 702 apparently healthy children 5-14 years old in Kumba City, Cameroon. Children were recruited from those attending six different primary schools, representative of the socio-demographic characteristics of the inhabitants, using a systematic random sampling. The overall IgG anti-HAV prevalence was 96.9%, reaching 100% by the age of 11 years. In primary school beginners the prevalence was very high, 94.0%, contrary to what has been observed in developed countries. The anti-HAV prevalence was not associated with family size, but was related to parent's occupation, children from the lower class having a 5.9 fold risk (C.I. = 1.9-18.3) of past exposure to HAV. These results suggest a persistently high prevalence of anti-HAV in children despite improving hygienic conditions. The spread of HAV in this population may be the result of domestic water and/or food contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 3","pages":"199-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12822089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antigenic variation of cytomegalovirus isolates recovered from infected children. 感染儿童巨细胞病毒分离株抗原变异分析。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-07-01
T Lazzarotto, M C Boccuni, P Dal Monte, A Ripalti, M P Landini
{"title":"Antigenic variation of cytomegalovirus isolates recovered from infected children.","authors":"T Lazzarotto,&nbsp;M C Boccuni,&nbsp;P Dal Monte,&nbsp;A Ripalti,&nbsp;M P Landini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present work investigated antigenic variations of the most immunogenic polypeptides of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), namely two nonstructural polypeptides of MW 72 Kd and 52 Kd, and 5 structural proteins of MW 150, 65, 58, 38 and 28 Kd, in several low-passage CMV isolates from urine of infected children. The polypeptides showing the greatest variations were the non structural p72 and p52, and the structural proteins p65 and p38. Furthermore the reactivity of the children's sera was studied with regard to the antigenic proteins of the homologous virus strain. We failed to recognize any reactivity pattern typical of an acute CMV infection and the results obtained indicate that CMV-infected children may have a very low and variable IgG and IgM response, p150 and p65 being the two most often recognized antigens.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 3","pages":"241-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12822090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protection tests in pigs vaccinated with the lapinized Chinese strain of hog cholera virus (HCV) previously adapted in a minipig kidney (MPK) cell line, to challenge infection with virulent HCV. 对猪接种了中国猪瘟病毒(HCV)毒株的保护试验，该毒株先前在迷你猪肾(MPK)细胞系中适应，以对抗毒性HCV感染。
Microbiologica Pub Date : 1991-07-01
G L Gualandi, M Ferrari, G Cardeti, M Boldini, C Buonavoglia
{"title":"Protection tests in pigs vaccinated with the lapinized Chinese strain of hog cholera virus (HCV) previously adapted in a minipig kidney (MPK) cell line, to challenge infection with virulent HCV.","authors":"G L Gualandi,&nbsp;M Ferrari,&nbsp;G Cardeti,&nbsp;M Boldini,&nbsp;C Buonavoglia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigs which had been vaccinated with the Lapinized Chinese strain of Hog Cholera Virus previously adapted in a minipig cell line cultures (MPK-LC-HCV), resultet to be protected when they were subjected to challenge infection with virulent Hog Cholera Virus (HCV) 6 or 11 months later. The challenge virus was never isolated from any of the vaccinated pigs. The MPK-LC-HCV vaccine induced a significant rise of the antibody titer to the HCV in pigs kept under field conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":77264,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologica","volume":"14 3","pages":"213-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13080966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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