{"title":"The ethic of care: a comparison of nursing and medical students.","authors":"E Peter, R Gallop","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00293.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00293.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this research was to examine whether \"caring\" uniquely reflects the moral orientation of nursing students. Gilligan's theory of moral development and Kolhberg's theory of moral development structured this study of 119 nursing and medical students who described a real-life moral dilemma and responded to a hypothetical clinical moral dilemma. The findings suggest that nursing students use care more than justice considerations, but their moral orientation could best be described as mixed. Differences were found between nursing and medical students, but these differences appeared to be related to gender, not professional role. Therefore, it was concluded that a caring moral orientation is not unique to nursing.</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"26 1","pages":"47-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00293.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19190449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspectives on the family's caregiving experience in mental illness.","authors":"S C Reinhard","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00297.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00297.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most people with severe mental illness have family members who assist them. This paper explores families' caregiving demands, normative conflicts in family care of mentally ill adults, and changes in the formal care system. It examines the shift in locus of care from institutions to communities. The potential for collaborative models to reduce the burden of caregiving is considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"26 1","pages":"70-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00297.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19190979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender differences in recovery after coronary artery surgery.","authors":"M H Hawthorne","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00298.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00298.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery bypass surgery is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures for coronary heart disease, which is the leading cause of illness in American men and women over the age of 50. Since perceptions of events have been shown to significantly affect outcomes after major cardiac illness, it is crucial for nurses to understand patients' perceptions of these events. This article explores how perceptions of cardiac surgery differ considerably by gender and role expectations, and how such differences can influence recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"26 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1994.tb00298.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19190980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coded services provided by nurse specialists.","authors":"H M Griffith, K R Robinson","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00778.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00778.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this exploratory study, a random sample of nurses from nine nursing specialties was surveyed to identify which Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coded procedures they perform and how frequently they perform them. CPT codes are used universally to file claims for physician payment. The sample included 74 school nurses, 67 enterostomal nurses, 53 family nurse practitioners, 43 critical care nurses, 43 oncology nurses, 40 rehabilitation nurses, 39 orthopaedic nurses, 34 nephrology nurses and 25 nurse-midwives. Specific questionnaires were developed for each specialty with codes identified by expert panels. The number of CPT codes ranged from 233 for family nurse practitioners to 58 for school nurses. The mean number of coded services performed by individual respondents ranged from 79 (FNP) to 18 (school nurses); individual respondents performed 0-162 codes. Supervision by physicians was very infrequent. Charges to Medicare in 1988 for the coded services included in the survey were $22,793,427.34 (aggregate allowable charges). The study provides some documentation of the degree to which nurses perform the same services and procedures for which physicians are being paid. If policy makers are serious about reaching innovative solutions to the problems of quality, access and cost, everything must be \"on the table,\" including the contributions of nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"25 3","pages":"178-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00778.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19214337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Healing from surgery: a phenomenological study.","authors":"L Criddle","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00783.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00783.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A phenomenological study explored the experience of healing in nine post-surgical patients. Extensive interviews were conducted at one and four weeks after hospital discharge. A follow-up interview was conducted after participants reviewed descriptions of the experience. Healing included four overlapping themes: Active Participation (personal responsibility to assist in the healing process); Achieving Balance (reintegration of the whole system); Evolving Beyond (examination of goals, values and priorities); and Healing Process (change over time and connections between themes).</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"25 3","pages":"208-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00783.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19214345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The NIC taxonomy structure. Iowa Intervention Project.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00779.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00779.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to construct a three level taxonomy of nursing interventions. The top level consists of six domains; the second level consists of 26 classes; and the third level consists of 357 interventions. The taxonomy is the organizing framework for the recently published Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). This article reports the research done to construct the taxonomy and advantages for its use. The taxonomy has applications for clinicians, educators, scholars and health policy makers.</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"25 3","pages":"187-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00779.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19214338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The statistical versus clinical significance debate.","authors":"M L Lanza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"25 4","pages":"363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19276923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wellness: the dialectic of illness.","authors":"L Jensen, M Allen","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00785.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00785.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From a review of empirical and theoretical work, a model of wellness-illness evolved. The unfolding of events associated with wellness-illness is depicted as a generic paradigm with health, disease, wellness and illness existing in a dialectical relationship. Although distinct, health-disease and wellness-illness are neither mutually exclusive nor polar opposites. Rather, they are one in the same process, acknowledging the changing person in the changing world. Wellness-illness is the human experience of actual or perceived function-dysfunction through the interaction of cognitive-affective dimensions. This experience arises out of intrapersonal, interpersonal, health-disease-related and extra-personal factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"25 3","pages":"220-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00785.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19214347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hardiness: conceptual and methodological issues.","authors":"D S Tartasky","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00786.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00786.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hardiness is a personality construct that is thought to influence illness outcomes by mediating the impact of stressful life events. Hardiness research has proceeded with insufficient attention to important conceptual and methodological problems associated with this construct that have appeared in the literature. This paper analyzes and synthesizes the conceptual and methodological issues associated with the use of the hardiness construct. Implications for future nursing research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"25 3","pages":"225-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00786.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19214348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}