Image--the journal of nursing scholarship最新文献_第4页

Expert nursing knowledge in the care of patients at risk of impaired swallowing. 专家护理知识，在护理患者的风险受损吞咽。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01268.x

J M McHale, M A Phipps, K Horvath, J Schmelz

{"title":"Expert nursing knowledge in the care of patients at risk of impaired swallowing.","authors":"J M McHale, M A Phipps, K Horvath, J Schmelz","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01268.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01268.x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe the practical knowledge of expert nurses when they assess and feed patients at risk of impaired swallowing. Observation uncovered a lack of well-developed nursing practices in assessing patients' swallowing and eating, and a wide range of interventions in the care of difficult-to-feed-patients. Finding little previous nursing research to guide practice for patients with impaired swallowing, the authors undertook a study to identify and describe the knowledge embedded in the everyday practice of nurses.Design: Descriptive, exploratory using purposive sampling. Twelve nurses were identified in 1994 as expert in the care of patients at risk of impaired swallowing in one Boston, Massachusetts teaching hospital.Methods: Data were collected using written narratives by each participant; group interviews in which nurses discussed the written narratives; nonparticipant observations and individual interviews of the expert nurses; and patients' chart review. Data were analyzed using interpretive phenomenology.Findings: Most nurses in the study did not perform a complete assessment of swallowing before feeding their patients. Yet, through feeding patients, they were able to describe several components of the swallowing assessment used in their practice.Conclusions: The areas of assessment described by the nurses can serve as a template for the development of educational content and assessment tools for swallowing.","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"30 2","pages":"137-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01268.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20688625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Financing, demographic, and political problems confronting Medicare in the United States. 美国医疗保险面临的资金、人口和政治问题。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01264.x

P I Buerhaus

引用次数: 1

Nursing's first Senior Scholar at the U.S. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. Interview by Peter I Buerhaus. 美国卫生保健政策和研究机构护理学第一位高级学者。Peter I Buerhaus采访。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01

C Kovner

引用次数: 0

Making do with fewer nurses in the United States, 1945-1965. 1945-1965年，美国护士人数减少。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01270.x

V T Grando

{"title":"Making do with fewer nurses in the United States, 1945-1965.","authors":"V T Grando","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01270.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01270.x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To analyze the perceptions that nurses and hospital administrators had about the nursing shortage between 1945 and 1965 and the actions they took. Reasons nurses' wages remained low during this period of shortages and high demand were also examined to expand knowledge of nursing labor during a critical time in nursing history.Method: Historical analysis of primary and secondary sources generated between 1945 and 1965 including: (a) American Nurses' Association's (ANA) central files in Washington, DC; (b) ANA archives at the Mugar Memorial Library, Boston University; (c) official proceedings of the ANA's and American Hospital Association's (AHA) conventions; (d) nursing and hospital journals; (e) ANA and U.S. Government statistical documents and reports on the status of nursing labor; and (g) monographs on nursing, hospitals, the history of women's labor and the history of women in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s.Findings: Hospital administrators and nurses disagreed on the causes of the nursing shortage and its remedies in the 20 years after World War II. Hospital managers believed the shortage occurred because many nurses left the work force to remain at home with their families. Nurses, however, identified low wages and deplorable working conditions as the cause.Conclusions: Hospital managers were successful at easing the shortage and controlling nursing costs by employing ancillary workers to replace RNs. Nurses took several different actions to deal with poor working conditions: initiating the ANA Economic Security Program, joining unions, and leaving hospital nursing.","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"30 2","pages":"147-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01270.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20688489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Diabetes research in an American Indian community. 美国印第安人社区的糖尿病研究。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01273.x

S F Jacobson, D Booton-Hiser, J H Moore, K A Edwards, S Pryor, J M Campbell

{"title":"Diabetes research in an American Indian community.","authors":"S F Jacobson, D Booton-Hiser, J H Moore, K A Edwards, S Pryor, J M Campbell","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01273.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01273.x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe field experiences of a nurse-led team conducting collaborative research on diabetes with an American Indian community. Diabetes is of epidemic proportions among Indians. Methodological reports can assist nurse researchers to make important contributions to Indian health and diabetes care.Organizing framework: Wax's stages of fieldwork: Initiation, fieldwork, post-field work. SCOPE AND METHOD: Report of key research experiences from all phases of a study with an Indian community (1988-1996). Based on review of classic literature, field notes, and team meetings.Findings: Methodological literature on research with Indians and cultural tutelage by Indians were helpful but neither sufficient nor infallible. A long period of investigator presence in the community before beginning the research was extremely useful. The need for researchers to explain their presence and the contribution of research to the community was ongoing.Conclusions: Wax's conception of field work as a dialectic process was supported. A collaborative, community focus and willingness to spend much time acquiring cultural knowledge can facilitate successful research on Indian health.","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"30 2","pages":"161-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01273.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20688491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Clarification about nursing in Russia. 关于俄罗斯护理的澄清。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01255.x

G Perfiljeva, C Picard

引用次数: 1

Quotation and reference accuracy of three nursing journals. 三种护理期刊引文及引用准确性分析。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01269.x

L Schulmeister

{"title":"Quotation and reference accuracy of three nursing journals.","authors":"L Schulmeister","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01269.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01269.x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine the accuracy of bibliographic citations in three widely circulated nursing journals, RN, Nursing Management, and Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship. Accurate citations facilitate retrieval of the cited documents and establish the judgment and credibility of authors.Design: Descriptive, comparative.Methods: A random sample of 60 references per journal published July 1995 to June 1996 was reviewed for citation and quotation accuracy. Errors were classified as major or minor. Data were analyzed using the SAS statistical package.Findings: Of the 180 references, 58 (32%) had citation errors, with 43 of 58 errors classified as major errors, which made retrieval of the cited work difficult; 12 of the 180 articles contained a major quotation error, including four instances where the content of the original article contradicted or was unrelated to the author's contention.Conclusions: The rate of citation and quotation errors in the three sampled nursing journals is comparable to rates previously reported for medical and nursing journals. Errors of citation and quotation diminish the value of published papers.","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"30 2","pages":"143-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01269.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20688626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46

Understanding seasonal affective disorder and experiences in northern Norway. 了解挪威北部的季节性情感障碍和经历。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01271.x

C M Stuhlmiller

{"title":"Understanding seasonal affective disorder and experiences in northern Norway.","authors":"C M Stuhlmiller","doi":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01271.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01271.x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To better understand a diagnosis corresponding to mental distress and sleep disturbance associated with seasonal change known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD).Design: This ethnographically guided investigation, conducted from 1993 through 1995 in Tromsøo, Norway at a latitude of 69 degrees north describes how the residents experience extreme seasonal change.Method: Qualitative interview data from 28 participants plus observation, folk wisdom, and literature were used to describe local understanding of seasonality and illustrate how cultural values, meanings, and practices can contribute to alternative experiences that differ from scientists' expectations.Findings: While there is evidence that human physiologic alterations occur in response to the changing seasonal patterns of light and dark and to a greater extent, at latitudes further from the equator, the findings related to psychological changes and their causes remain inconsistent and controversial.Conclusion: Investigators concerned with the effects of seasonal change should be aware of and develop an appreciation of cultural perception and adaptation.","PeriodicalId":77169,"journal":{"name":"Image--the journal of nursing scholarship","volume":"30 2","pages":"151-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01271.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20688416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

New definition for nursing informatics needed. 护理信息学需要新的定义。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01260.x

N Staggers, C R Thompson, B Happ, C Bartz

引用次数: 3

World Wide Web search tools. 万维网搜索工具。

Image--the journal of nursing scholarship Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1998.tb01274.x

S M Sparks, M A Rizzolo

引用次数: 6