Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effect of corneal collagen cross-linking on higher-order aberrations in patients with early keratoconus","authors":"Shimaa Sayed, H. Yousef, M. Salih","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_96_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_96_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70691855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of food allergy in otitis media with effusion","authors":"Wessam Fouad, Sayed Makhemaer, Hala Abd Mohamed, A. Awwad","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_99_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_99_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim The role of food allergy (FA) in chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) is argumentative. New proof from cellular biology and immunology clarifies the essentials of allergic responses and permits exact diagnosis more than before for allergies and inflammatory disease. We aimed to detect the occurrence of FA in patients with chronic OME. Patients and methods This a prospective, cohort randomized controlled study that was conducted at Al Azhar University Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Department, on 40 patients divided into two groups: patient group included 20 patients with OME, and control group included 20 patients without any medical problems about FA or OME. The prevalence of FA was detected by skin prick test and assessment of serum immunoglobulin E and eosinophil count. Results There were highly statistically significant correlations between increase in the total serum immunoglobulin E and eosinophil count and developing OME (P<0.00); however, there were no statistically significant correlations between age and developing OME (P<0.396). Conclusion The possibility of association and the contribution of FA should be kept in mind in OME cases.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"113 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43108665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of dialysate sodium and serum sodium gradient in intradialytic hypertension of regular hemodialysis patients","authors":"M. Fayed, E. Mohamed, Hindawy Zidan, A. Assem, Moahmed El-Sayed","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_84_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_84_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Sodium (Na+) balance largely depends on interdialytic dietary salt intake and intradialytic Na+ removal during hemodialysis (HD) for chronic renal failure cases. To preserve a normal Na+ equilibrium, interdialytic Na+ increase should be filtered during HD. Sodium gradient (Na+ G) is obtained by subtraction of the dialysate Na+ concentration and the patient’s own pre-HD plasma sodium concentration. The aim was to evaluate the role of dialysate and serum Na+ G in patients with intradialytic hypertension (IDH). Patients and methods A cross-sectional observational study was done to evaluate the role of Na+ G in IDH in a cohort of HD patients followed in the dialysis center of Damanhur Fever Hospital. Among 119 prevalent patients on MHD in our center during period from March 2021 to July 2021, we found 26 patients with IDH, so we selected a control group of 26 patients with intradialytic normotension (age and sex matched). So, the study included 52 patients (age and sex matched) who were divided into two groups: group A included 26 patients who were intradialytic normotensive, and group B included 26 patients with IDH. Results A total of 52 patients were included in our final analysis. The sample included patients who are diagnosed with ESRD and under regular HD schedule, with a mean±SD age of 54.4±12.3 years. Comparison of different sodium concentrations revealed that there was no significant difference between pre-dialytic, and postdialytic Na serum levels, along with no difference in sodium gradients, with P values greater than 0.05. Conclusion IDH was not significantly associated with sodium gradient, age, sex, hemoglobin level, and predialytic and postdialytic serum sodium concentrations.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"363 1","pages":"127 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41286585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two nitazoxanide-based quadruple regimens for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: a single-center randomized controlled trial","authors":"Amro M. Hassan, K. Eid, K. Eliwa, M. Abdel-Gawad","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_74_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_74_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Eradication of Helicobacter pylori becomes an ongoing challenge worldwide because eradication rates of H. pylori are declining to less than 60% in some countries. As there is no acceptable definite long-standing used therapeutic regimen for H. pylori, clinicians are doing their best to find new regimens to improve eradication rates of H. pylori. Nitazoxanid and fluoroquinolones, including moxifloxacin and levofloxacin, have been used in treatment of H. pylori. The study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of two nitazoxanide-based quadruple regimens in treatment of patients infected with H. pylori. Patients and methods This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted on 100 patients diagnosed to be infected by H. pylori by stool antigen test (one-step H. pylori Antigen test Device). They were randomized into two groups: group 1: 50 patients were treated for 14 days with quadruple therapy, including nitazoxanide, moxifloxacin, omeprazole, and doxycycline; and group 2: 50 patients were treated for 14 days with quadruple therapy, including nitazoxanide, levofloxacin, omeprazole, and doxycycline. Eradication of H. pylori was assessed 4 weeks after the end of treatment by stool antigen test (one-step H. pylori Antigen test Device). Results Eradication rate of H. pylori infection was higher in patients treated with nitazoxanide–moxifloxacin-based quadruple therapy 37 (74%) than in patients treated with nitazoxanide–levofloxacin-based quadruple therapy 32 (64%), but there were no significant differences between the studied groups with P value (P<0.28). By subgroup analysis of eradication rate among anemic and nonanemic patients treated by nitazoxanide–moxifloxacin and nitazoxanide–levofloxacin-based quadruple therapy, we found that eradication rate was higher in anemic patients 88% and 80% than nonanemic patients 60% and 45%, with significant P values 0.02 and 0.01, respectively. Conclusions Use of moxifloxacin instead of levofloxacin in the nitazoxanide-based quadruple regimen improves eradication therapy of H. pylori.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"67 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49097197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for a digital framework to manage infodemic for better mental health among elderly","authors":"Nilofur Banu","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_120_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_120_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70688055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative pulmonary embolism, risk factors, and medical thromboprophylaxis: a 2-year retrospective study","authors":"Eman Sobh, Maisa A Abdel Wahab, Zeinab R. Adawy, Heba Abdelgalil, Ola I. Saleh, D. Zakaria, Randa S. Elshahat","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_67_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_67_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim The major surgical procedures have a significant risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), especially pulmonary embolism (PE), leading to poor prognosis and life-threatening conditions. The major surgical procedure has 20-fold risk increase in VTE and the risk is increased by 30% in the absence of optimal prophylaxis. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of PE among surgical patients undergoing preoperative thromboprophylaxis according to Caprini score, these considerations can improve the clinical outcome and allow optimal use of thromboprophylactic strategies against VTE. Patients and methods We performed retrospective analysis of records of patients admitted to surgical wards at our hospital and identified those who developed postoperative PE. We calculated Caprini score to assess the risk for VTE. Results Among patients admitted to surgical wards, we identified 107 cases of postoperative PE. Most of them had major surgeries, most of them were females, and a considerable proportion of those who developed PE did not receive thromboprophylaxis although being at moderate or high risk for VTE according to Caprini score. Few patients had poor outcome. Conclusion Perioperative thromboprophylaxis is crucial to avoid complication with VTE. Caprini score may be a good clinical score to decide which patients to receive perioperative thromboprophylaxis.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"60 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43739364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study between magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to bupivacaine using ultrasound-guided lumbar-plexus block in lower abdominal surgeries","authors":"Mahmoud AbdAlsalam, Nayera Mohamed","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_100_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_100_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Pain international association of described pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional practice accompanied with actual or potential tissue injuries. Opioid administrations remain the cornerstone of postoperative pain relief, but it may cause significant side effects, including sedations, nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention. We aimed to compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided lumbar-plexus block through adding magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine (DEX) to bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia and thereafter surgical operation. Patients and methods This prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled research was performed on Al-Azhar University Hospitals. A total of 75 cases of both sexes, age between 21 and 65 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists class I– II, were listed for elective lower-abdomen surgical operation underneath general anesthesia. Results Pain scores were decreased significantly in the study groups for 12 and 18 h in BM and BD, respectively, also, there was a significant decrease at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h in the BD group lesser than the BM group postoperatively. The time to the initial analgesic appeal was significantly extended in the BD group (11.9±1 h) than the BM group (10.6±0.7 h). Conclusion Posterior lumbar-plexus block utilizing 22 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% with DEX 1 μg/kg decreases pain score, opioid consumption, prolongs duration of analgesia, better hemodynamics stability, and perfect outcome of cases’ satisfaction postoperatively compared with posterior lumbar-plexus block using 22 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% with magnesium sulfate 150 mg. DEX provides faster onset time and longer periods of MB and extended period of analgesia with smaller consumptions of postoperative rescue analgesia.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"72 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44813909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of serum sodium levels and mean platelet volume in children with community-acquired pneumonia","authors":"A. Hamed, Mohamed Ibrahim, Hamada Fayed, Mona Mohamed Abd EL-Meguid, S. Hassen","doi":"10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_40_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AZMJ.AZMJ_40_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the frequent causes of hospital admission, whereas hyponatremia (HN) is a common electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized patients and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Mean platelet volume (MPV) may be a useful predictor for the diagnosis of CAP but not in disease severity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum levels of sodium and MPV in a child with CAP. Patients and methods This is a case–control study that has been carried out in a Malawi General Hospital. The total (100) participants included in the study were classified into two groups as follows: group I which is the case group included 50 children with clinical and laboratory evidence of pneumonia ranging from 1 month to 3 years. Group II which is the control group included 50 children (apparently healthy control) who attended for nonchest problem or serious medical condition. Serum sodium levels, hemoglobin levels, MPV, platelet count, total leukocyte count, and C-reactive protein were done to all children. Results HN was present in 82% of patients with CAP (41 out of 50). Patients with CAP had lower MPV than their healthy counterparts (7.11±0.42 vs. 9.14±1.04 fl; P<0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the grade of respiratory distress and the level of serum sodium and a positive correlation between the grade of respiratory distress and MPV (P<0.001). Conclusion HN is common among hospitalized children with CAP and MPV may be a useful predictor for the diagnosis of CAP.","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45473769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological burden of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic among Egyptian pregnant women","authors":"Hala Halim, Shimaa Abd Elaziz, Doaa Fathy","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_133_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_133_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70688226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worsening of the hypertension crisis during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic − are we ready?","authors":"S. Bakshi, V. Kalidoss","doi":"10.4103/azmj.azmj_7_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/azmj.azmj_7_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7711,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70690812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}