Developmental immunology最新文献_第9页

Positive and negative selection in the thymus and the thymic paradox. 胸腺的正负选择和胸腺悖论。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/89415

J N Reza, M A Ritter

引用次数: 5

CD40 in clinical inflammation: from multiple sclerosis to atherosclerosis. CD40在临床炎症中的作用:从多发性硬化到动脉粥样硬化。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/69628

J D Laman, M De Boer, B A Hart

引用次数: 42

Studies on the induction of antigen-specific antibody in anti-CD40 cultured human B lymphocytes. 抗cd40培养人B淋巴细胞抗原特异性抗体诱导的研究。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/35259

B M Schilizzi, M C Harmsen, T H The, L De Leij

{"title":"Studies on the induction of antigen-specific antibody in anti-CD40 cultured human B lymphocytes.","authors":"B M Schilizzi, M C Harmsen, T H The, L De Leij","doi":"10.1155/1998/35259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/35259","url":null,"abstract":"Costimulatory signals provided by T cells are required for B cells to produce specific antibody to T-dependent antigen. We have investigated the suitability of using the CD40 culture system for the proliferation and differentiation of Ag-specific human B cells using cytomegalovirus (CMV) or tetanus toxoid (TT) as antigen. We modified the CD40 culture system (CD32-transfected L cells, anti-CD40, and IL-4) by applying a sequential cytokine stimulation and compared total B-cell cultures with antigen-specific B cells preselected by panning. The detection of specific antibody became possible when antigen-selected B cells were cultured for 7 days in the CD40 system to induce clonal expansion, followed by the addition of IL-2 and IL-10 for an additional 7 days to induce plasma-cell differentiation. We conclude that our initial inability to detect specific antibody in the CD40 system is due to overgrowth of nonspecific B-cell clones and that selection of antigen-specific B cells by panning overcomes this problem. Induction of antigen-specific antibody production was found to be optimal when the initial contact with antigen during panning was limited to between 1 to 24 hours.","PeriodicalId":77106,"journal":{"name":"Developmental immunology","volume":"6 3-4","pages":"261-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/1998/35259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20725846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Spontaneous expression of interleukin-2 in vivo in specific tissues of young mice. 白细胞介素-2在幼鼠体内特定组织中的自发表达。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/12421

J A Yang-Snyder, E V Rothenberg

{"title":"Spontaneous expression of interleukin-2 in vivo in specific tissues of young mice.","authors":"J A Yang-Snyder, E V Rothenberg","doi":"10.1155/1998/12421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/12421","url":null,"abstract":"In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the spectrum of tissues in which interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA and protein are found in healthy, normal young mice. In neonatal animals, IL-2 is expressed specifically by distinct, isolated cells at three major sites: the thymus, skin, and gut. Based on morphology and distribution, the IL-2-expressing cells resemble CD3epsilon+ T cells that are also present in all these locations. Within the thymus of postweanling animals, both TcRalphabeta and TcRgammadelta lineage cells secrete \"haloes\" of the cytokine that diffuse over many cell diameters. Within the skin, isolated cells expressing IL-2 are seen at birth in the mesenchyme, and large numbers of IL-2-expressing cells are localized around hair follicles in the epidermis in 3-week-old animals. At this age, a substantial subset of CD3epsilon+ cells is similarly localized in the skin. Significantly, by 5 weeks of age and later when the CD3epsilon+ cells are evenly distributed throughout the epidermis, IL-2 RNA and protein expression are no longer detectable. Finally, within the intestine, IL-2 protein is first detected in association with a few discrete, isolated cells at day 16 of gestation and the number of IL-2 reactive cells increases in frequency through E19 and remains abundant in adult life. In postnatal animals, the frequency of IL-2-positive cells in villi exceeds by greater than fivefold that found in mesenteric lymph node or Peyer's patches. Overall, these temporal and spatial patterns of expression provide insight into the regulation of IL-2 in vivo and suggest a role for IL-2 expression distinct from immunological responses to antigen.","PeriodicalId":77106,"journal":{"name":"Developmental immunology","volume":"5 4","pages":"223-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/1998/12421","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20726001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

An adult thymic stromal-cell suspension model for in vitro positive selection. 体外阳性选择的成人胸腺基质细胞悬浮模型。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/10534

A P Chidgey, H Pircher, H R MacDonald, R L Boyd

引用次数: 16

Antigenic stimuli do not influence thymic B lymphocytes: a morphological and functional study in germ-free and conventionally reared piglets. 抗原刺激不影响胸腺B淋巴细胞:无菌和常规饲养仔猪的形态学和功能研究。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/57820

B Cukrowska, I Trebichavský, P Rossmann, Z Reháková, J Sinkora, K Haverson, R Lodinová-Zádníková, H Tlaskalová-Hogenová

{"title":"Antigenic stimuli do not influence thymic B lymphocytes: a morphological and functional study in germ-free and conventionally reared piglets.","authors":"B Cukrowska, I Trebichavský, P Rossmann, Z Reháková, J Sinkora, K Haverson, R Lodinová-Zádníková, H Tlaskalová-Hogenová","doi":"10.1155/1998/57820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/57820","url":null,"abstract":"We have recently reported that thymic B lymphocytes (TBL) are the first B-cell subpopulation undergoing isotype switching to IgG and IgA during embryonic life. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of antigenic stimulation on TBL location and activity using a germ-free (GF) newborn pig model, in which maternal antibodies and antigens do not affect B-cell development. Immunohistological analysis showed that TBL were disseminated mainly in the thymic medulla. There were no differences in the distribution of TBL, both in GF newborn piglets before and after colonization with Escherichia coli and in older conventionally reared (CONV) piglets. The number of immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting cells measured by the ELISPOT method was not influenced by microflora and food antigens. IgM-positive cells secreting IgM and CD45RC-positive cells spontaneously producing IgM, IgG, and IgA were detected in newborn thymus. Our findings suggest that TBL differentiation and Ig switching to IgG and IgA-secreting cells is not influenced by external antigens and that the thymic microenvironment plays an important role in this process.","PeriodicalId":77106,"journal":{"name":"Developmental immunology","volume":"6 3-4","pages":"171-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/1998/57820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20725888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Differential activation of CD8+ tumor-specific Tc1 and Tc2 cells by an IL-10-producing murine plasmacytoma. 产生il -10的小鼠浆细胞瘤对CD8+肿瘤特异性Tc1和Tc2细胞的差异激活

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/93545

C Specht, H G Pauels, C Becker, E Kölsch

{"title":"Differential activation of CD8+ tumor-specific Tc1 and Tc2 cells by an IL-10-producing murine plasmacytoma.","authors":"C Specht, H G Pauels, C Becker, E Kölsch","doi":"10.1155/1998/93545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/93545","url":null,"abstract":"The involvement of counteractive CD8+ T-cell subsets during tumor-specific immune responses was analyzed in a syngeneic murine plasmacytoma model. CD8+ Tc cells against the immunogenic IL-10-producing BALB/c plasmacytoma ADJ-PC-5 can be easily induced by immunization of BALB/c mice with X-irradiated ADJ-PC-5 tumor cells in vivo and in vitro. However, the failure of recipient mice to mount a protective Tc response against the tumor during early stages of a real or simulated tumor growth is not due to immunological ignorance, but depends on the induction of tumor-specific tolerance, involving a population of tumor-induced CD8+ T cells that are able to inhibit the generation of tumor-specific Tc cells in a primary ADJ-PC-5-specific MLTC, using IFN-gamma as a suppressive factor. Whereas most long-term cultivated CD8+ ADJ-PC-5-specific Tc lines produce type-1 cytokines on stimulation, at least two of them, which were derived from a primary MLTC, display a type-2 cytokine spectrum. Furthermore, the primary in vitro Tc response against ADJ-PC-5 cells shows characteristics of a Tc2 response. The Tc response is strictly depending on tumor-derived IL-10. CD8+ Tc cells that are induced in a primary MLTC do not produce IFN-gamma, and the tumor-specific Tc response is enhanced by IL-4 but suppressed by IFN-gamma or IL-12. In contrast, ADJ-PC-5-specific CD8+ Tc cells from immunized mice are IFN-gamma producing Tc1 cells. Since the primary in vitro Tc response against the tumor is suppressed even by the smallest numbers of irradiated ADJ-PC-5-specific Tc1 cells via IFN-gamma, these Tc1 cells behave similar to the suppressive CD8+ T cells that are induced during early stages of ADJ-PC-5 tumorigenesis.","PeriodicalId":77106,"journal":{"name":"Developmental immunology","volume":"6 3-4","pages":"331-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/1998/93545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20726388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Enhanced follicular dendritic cell-B cell interaction in HIV and SIV infections and its potential role in polyclonal B cell activation. HIV和SIV感染中滤泡树突状细胞-B细胞相互作用增强及其在多克隆B细胞激活中的潜在作用。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/34014

Y J Rosenberg, M G Lewis, M H Kosco-Vilbois

{"title":"Enhanced follicular dendritic cell-B cell interaction in HIV and SIV infections and its potential role in polyclonal B cell activation.","authors":"Y J Rosenberg, M G Lewis, M H Kosco-Vilbois","doi":"10.1155/1998/34014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/34014","url":null,"abstract":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections have been characterized by both polyclonal B-cell activation and enhanced responsiveness to B-cell growth factors on one hand and the loss of specific antibody (Ab) responses and refractoriness to the normal signals for B-cell activation on the other. Histopathological studies of lymph node from HIV- and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected individuals have indicated initial follicular hyperplasia and the appearance of large irregular germinal centers that undergo progressive involution concomitant with follicular dendritic-cell (FDC) disruption. During this process, follicular dendritic-cell-enriched lymph-node-cell cultures exhibit increased ability to induce cluster formation (\"in vitro germinal centers\"), lymphocyte proliferation and antibody production compared to uninfected controls. This paper discusses how enhanced FDC-B-cell interaction within SIV-infected germinal centers may result in a reduced ability to select high-affinity B cells and alter the dynamics of antibody-producing-cell and memory-cell generation resulting in the observed hyperactivity.","PeriodicalId":77106,"journal":{"name":"Developmental immunology","volume":"6 1-2","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/1998/34014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20631915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Presence of germline and full-length IgA RNA transcripts among peritoneal B-1 cells. 腹膜B-1细胞中存在种系和全长IgA RNA转录本。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/37576

R de Waard, P M Dammers, J W Tung, A B Kantor, J A Wilshire, N A Bos, L A Herzenberg, F G Kroese

{"title":"Presence of germline and full-length IgA RNA transcripts among peritoneal B-1 cells.","authors":"R de Waard, P M Dammers, J W Tung, A B Kantor, J A Wilshire, N A Bos, L A Herzenberg, F G Kroese","doi":"10.1155/1998/37576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/1998/37576","url":null,"abstract":"Next to conventional B cells (or B-2 cells), peritoneal B-1 cells have been shown to contribute significantly to the production of IgA-secreting plasma cells in the gut. Evidence for this was mainly based on studies comprising manipulated animals, including lethally X-irradiated and transgenic mice. To examine the ability of peritoneal B-1 cells from untreated mice to switch actively to IgA in vivo, we performed RT-PCR analysis on FACS-sorted peritoneal B-cell subsets from untreated BALB/c mice in order to examine the presence of germline C alpha mRNA and mature C alpha mRNA transcripts. Germline C alpha and mature C alpha transcripts were readily detectable in peritoneal B-1 cells (defined as IgMbright/IgDdull), but not, or very little, in peritoneal B-2 cells (defined as IgMdull/IgDbright). Moreover, by subdividing the B-1-cell population in CD5+ B-1a cells and CD5- B-1b cells, it was shown that in vivo expression of germline C alpha and mature C alpha transcripts was largely restricted to the B-1b-cell lineage. These results indicate that peritoneal B-1 cells indeed are capable to switch to IgA under normal physiological conditions and hereby further support the view that B-1 cells contribute significantly to the mucosal IgA response, albeit this function appears to be restricted to the B-1b-cell subset.","PeriodicalId":77106,"journal":{"name":"Developmental immunology","volume":"6 1-2","pages":"81-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/1998/37576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20632466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Hormonal regulation of uterine macrophages. 子宫巨噬细胞的激素调节。

Developmental immunology Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/1998/87527

J S Hunt, L Miller, J S Platt

引用次数: 13