American Journal of Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Concomitant Tricuspid Annuloplasty During Degenerative Mitral Valve Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Xander Jacquemyn MD ,&nbsp;Ganduboina Rohit MBBS ,&nbsp;Michel Pompeu Sá MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Johannes Bonatti MD ,&nbsp;Irsa Hasan MD ,&nbsp;Takuya Ogami MD ,&nbsp;Tom Verbelen MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Peter Verbrugghe MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Filip Rega MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Sultan MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is common among patients undergoing surgery for degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) and is associated with adverse outcomes. The role of concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty (TA) during mitral valve repair (MVr) remains controversial. To address this, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and observational studies published up to November 2024, comparing isolated MVr versus MVr with concomitant TA in patients with DMR (CRD42024627505). Reconstructed Kaplan–Meier time-to-event data were analyzed using Cox frailty models to evaluate survival, TR progression, and permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation. Sensitivity analyses included randomized or propensity-matched cohorts. A total of 5 studies, including 3,123 patients, were analyzed. Early (1-year) and long-term (up to 15 years) survival were comparable between isolated MVr and concomitant TA (97.3% vs. 96.9%, HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.76 to 2.08, p = 0.381 and 72.2% vs 79.7%, HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.72, p = 0.092, respectively). Concomitant TA significantly reduced the risk of ≥moderate TR progression (HR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.70, p = 0.003). However, PPM implantation was higher with TA during the perioperative period (7.4% vs 1.1%, HR 5.76, 95% CI 3.13 to 10.59) and remained elevated at 2 years. Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings. In conclusion, in patients undergoing MVr for DMR, concomitant TA effectively prevents TR progression without compromising survival but is associated with increased PPM implantation. These results support a selective, guideline-directed approach to TA based on patient- and disease-specific risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Pages 68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence as a Prognostic Tool in Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Review","authors":"Darren Kong DO ,&nbsp;Matthew Capustin MD ,&nbsp;Matthew Ho MD ,&nbsp;James Choi MD ,&nbsp;David Lee Stern MD ,&nbsp;Michael Hadley MD ,&nbsp;Dennis Finkielstein MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) poses a significant prognostic challenge due to its varied presentations and frequent delays in identification. While traditional prognosticators, such as cardiac biomarkers and imaging parameters, offer valuable information, there are significant challenges with individualizing prognosis and accounting for its complex and heterogeneous nature. Artificial intelligence (AI) has enhanced the precision across multiple modalities and has emerged as a prognostic tool in cardiac amyloidosis, demonstrated through models that predict disease progression and stratify patient risk, often outperforming or complementing traditional staging systems. Utilizing AI-derived prognostic information ultimately facilitates informed decision-making—including early initiation of treatments, referrals to specialized centers, and planning for advanced therapies—thereby improving patient outcomes in cardiac amyloidosis. This review aims to synthesize the current advancements and applications of artificial intelligence in predicting outcomes and guiding management strategies for cardiac amyloidosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Pages 75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aortic Regurgitation as the Next Frontier in the TAVR Space","authors":"Stephan Nienaber MD ,&nbsp;Jonathan Curio MD ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Tarantini MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hendrik Wienemann MD ,&nbsp;Matti Adam MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aortic regurgitation (AR) has long been an underdiagnosed and underestimated valvular heart disease. Nevertheless, large cohort studies demonstrated that the prevalence of clinically relevant AR ranges from 1.6% to 4.5% in individuals aged ≥65 years. Despite a markedly increased mortality risk, AR was often treated conservatively, especially in patients considered unsuitable for surgery. Early attempts to treat AR patients with conventional transcatheter devices led to unsatisfactory results, mainly due to elevated rates of valve migration or embolization, and relevant paravalvular regurgitation. Recently, dedicated transcatheter heart valves, such as the JenaValve Trilogy System and the J-Valve, have been introduced and indicated high procedural success rates and improved clinical outcomes. However, both interventional and surgical treatment of AR are associated with increased need for pacemaker implantation, follow-up data is scarce, and referring physicians are often unaware of novel dedicated devices. Awareness needs to be spread to provide optimal treatment for AR patients with increased surgical risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"262 ","pages":"Pages 83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145892072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulsed-Field Ablation Versus Cryoballoon Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Sanchit Duhan MBBS ,&nbsp;Narayana Varalakshmi Akula MD ,&nbsp;Krishna Prasad Kurpad MD ,&nbsp;Bijeta Keisham MBBS ,&nbsp;Sanjay S. Mehta MD ,&nbsp;Naveed A. Adoni MD ,&nbsp;Mbu Mongwa MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a nonthermal ablation method for pulmonary-vein isolation to treat atrial fibrillation. Limited data are available to compare PFA with cryoballoon ablation (CBA). We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase for studies comparing PFA and CBA with at least one outcome of interest. Data analysis was performed using Cochrane RevMan 5.4. Dichotomous variables were compared using the Mantel-Haenszel method in a random-effects model to calculate the risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Continuous variables were compared using the inverse variance method in a random-effects model to calculate standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% CI. Twenty-one studies comprising 5,222 patients (2,297:PFA, 2,925:CBA) were included. Thirteen studies reported AF recurrence after the blanking period of 3 months, with a lower pooled risk seen in PFA (RR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.92). Sixteen studies reported a periprocedural complications rate with a lower pooled risk in PFA than in CBA (RR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.00). Eighteen studies reported procedural time, which was lower with PFA (SMD –0.57; 95% CI: 0.88, –0.26). However, fluoroscopy time was higher with PFA (SMD: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.46) (15 studies). Three studies reported an increase in high-sensitivity troponin, with higher levels after PFA (SMD: 2.05; 95% CI: 0.50, 3.61). A greater decrease in heart rate was observed in the PFA group postprocedure (SMD: –0.97; 95% CI: –1.73, –0.21) (4 studies). The use of PFA is associated with lower AF recurrence rates, shorter procedure durations, and a more significant decrease in heart rate compared to CBA. The fluoroscopy times are higher with PFA, and periprocedural complication rates are similar to those with CBA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"261 ","pages":"Pages 33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement is a Viable Option After Both Transcatheter, or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement","authors":"Kinjal Banerjee MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"261 ","pages":"Pages 59-60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Coherence Tomography versus Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Multicenter Propensity-Matched Analysis","authors":"Ikhtiyorjon Khamdamov MD ,&nbsp;Makoto Araki MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Taishi Yonetsu MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yuji Matsuda MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ken Kurihara MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shigeo Shimizu MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Daisuke Ueshima MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Inagaki MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yuko Onishi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kaoru Sakurai MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Takaaki Tsuchiyama MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Takashi Ashikaga MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Fujii MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kazuo Kobayashi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yosuke Yamakami MD ,&nbsp;Tomoyo Sugiyama MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Umemoto MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tsunekazu Kakuta MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tetsuo Sasano MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current guidelines recommend intravascular imaging guidance for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While both optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) are endorsed, comparative data in STEMI remain limited. To compare clinical outcomes between OCT and IVUS guidance for primary PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). From a multicenter registry of 2,777 consecutive STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI within 24 hours from onset at 12 Japanese hospitals, we analyzed 2,291 patients who received OCT-guided (n = 244, 10.7%) or IVUS-guided (n = 2,047, 89.3%) PCI. The primary endpoint was target vessel-related major adverse cardiac events (TV-MACE): cardiovascular death, target vessel revascularization, and target vessel-related myocardial infarction. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for baseline differences. During median follow-up of 722 days, TV-MACE rates tended to be lower in the OCT group in unmatched analysis (9.8% vs 14.5%; p = 0.051). After propensity matching (187 pairs), this difference disappeared (8.6% vs 10.2%; p = 0.723). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no significant differences for TV-MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.42 to 1.59, p = 0.552), cardiovascular death (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.32, p = 0.150), or target vessel revascularization (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.63, p = 0.891). OCT guidance was associated with more frequent procedures without stenting (12.8% vs 5.3%, p = 0.027) and fewer stents per patient (0.99 ± 0.52 vs 1.15 ± 0.56, p = 0.006). In conclusion, OCT-guided PCI demonstrated comparable outcomes to IVUS-guided PCI in STEMI patients, supporting the use of either imaging modality for primary PCI.</div><div>Condensed abstract: This multicenter registry compared optical coherence tomography (OCT) versus intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Clinical outcomes were compared between the patients undergoing OCT-guided PCI (n = 244) and those with IVUS-guided PCI (n = 2,047). After propensity score matching (187 pairs), target vessel-related major adverse cardiac events rates were similar between OCT and IVUS groups (8.6% vs 10.2%, p = 0.723) during median 722-day follow-up. No significant differences were observed in cardiovascular death or target vessel revascularization. OCT guidance was associated with more frequent procedures without stenting and fewer stents per patient. Both imaging modalities demonstrated comparable clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"261 ","pages":"Pages 8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Markers of Mortality Risk in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Valve Replacement","authors":"Christian Nitsche MD, PhD ,&nbsp;George D. Thornton MD, MRCP ,&nbsp;Jonathan Bennett MD, MRCP ,&nbsp;Francisco Gama MD ,&nbsp;Suchi Chadalavadha ,&nbsp;Nish Chaturvedi MBBS, MD ,&nbsp;Therese Tillin PhD ,&nbsp;Charlotte Manisty MD, PhD, MRCP ,&nbsp;Arantxa González MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Eylem Levelt DPhil, MRCP ,&nbsp;James C Moon MD, MRCP, PhD ,&nbsp;Alun D Hughes MBBS, PhD ,&nbsp;Anish N Bhuva MBBS, MRCP, PhD ,&nbsp;Thomas A Treibel MD, FRCP, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In patients with aortic stenosis (AS), the relation of cardiac energetic pathways with cardiac structure and function, their changes, and their prognostic significance are not well understood. We aimed to characterize metabolic profiles in patients with severe AS before and after aortic valve replacement (AVR) and their association with functional status, structural remodeling and mortality. Patients with symptomatic, severe AS before (<em>n</em> = 143) and 1-year after (<em>n</em> = 113) AVR underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), serum cardiac biomarkers, and 6-minute walk test. Resting nonfasting plasma samples underwent targeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for fatty acids (FA), branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), glycolysis-related metabolites, and ketones. Lower FA and BCAA concentrations, but not glycolysis metabolites or ketones, correlated with greater myocardial mass and focal fibrosis, NT-proBNP, TnT and 6-minute walk distance. After 10.5 years of follow-up (66/143 deaths), lower FAs and BCAAs, but not ketones were independently associated with higher mortality risk (p &lt;0.05). At 1-year after AVR, FAs had decreased compared to baseline. In conclusion, reduced serum FA and BCAA concentrations are cardiac, maladaptive, prognostic metabolic changes to AS, which are not reversible after AVR. Whether these markers may be used to guide the timing of AVR or provide metabolic risk stratification remains to be evaluated by future research. In patients with AS systemic metabolomics and their association with myocardial remodeling and outcome after AVR are largely unknown. We show that in severe AS low levels of unsaturated FA and BCAAs correlate with higher mortality risk, and biomarkers measured by CMR, serum, and functional incapacity, and do not increase after AVR. This may provide an alternate approach to risk stratification using blood biomarkers or guide targeted therapies to myocardial energetics before or after AVR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"261 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Ring to Rule Them All: A Commentary on “Impacts of Mitral Annular Calcification on Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction”","authors":"Lauryn E. Spinetta BA ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Heid MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"261 ","pages":"Pages 63-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia as a Manifestation of Unilateral Renal Artery Stenosis","authors":"Uma Sirisha Pusapati MBBS,&nbsp;Sanjai Pattu Valappil DM (Cardiology) ,&nbsp;Bharatraj Banavalikar DM (Cardiology) ,&nbsp;Soorya Prakash Sundar Rajan MBBS","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Renovascular hypertension (RVH) is an under-recognized but potentially reversible cause of secondary hypertension with significant cardiovascular consequences. Excess aldosterone resulting from renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation leads to potassium loss, QT-interval prolongation, and increased susceptibility to malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Hypokalemia combined with hypertension-mediated left-ventricular hypertrophy further increases myocardial electrical instability, predisposing to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT). We report a woman in her fifties who presented with recurrent syncope secondary to PVT associated with severe hypokalemia. Biochemical evaluation revealed elevated plasma renin activity and aldosterone with a low aldosterone-to-renin ratio. Further evaluation with CT angiography demonstrated critical unilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. Following percutaneous angioplasty and stent placement, blood pressure and serum potassium normalized, and there were no further arrhythmic episodes. This case highlights a rare but clinically important cardiovascular manifestation of unilateral renal artery stenosis presenting as polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Recognition of hypokalemia-mediated electrophysiological instability as a reversible cause of life-threatening arrhythmia is essential, as timely revascularization can achieve complete clinical resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"261 ","pages":"Pages 27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Longitudinal Strain Reference Values in the Hispanic/Latino Population: Echocardiographic Study of Latinos (ECHO-SOL)","authors":"Pavitra Kotini-Shah MD ,&nbsp;Priscilla Duran-Luciano MD ,&nbsp;Mayank Kansal MD ,&nbsp;Farrah Nasrollahi MD ,&nbsp;Un Jung Lee PhD ,&nbsp;Yawen Yuan MS ,&nbsp;Maria Octavia Rangel MD, MS ,&nbsp;Robert Kaplan PhD ,&nbsp;Sonia G. Ponce MD ,&nbsp;Sanjiv J. Shah MD ,&nbsp;Jianwen Cai PhD ,&nbsp;Martin S. Bilsker MD ,&nbsp;Min Pu MD ,&nbsp;Barry E. Hurwitz PhD ,&nbsp;Carlos J. Rodriguez MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2025.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a sensitive measure for detecting early cardiac dysfunction, but prone to variability by age, race/ethnicity, and sex. To date, GLS has not been described in Hispanics/Latinos, nor has GLS been associated with heart failure risk factors. Data from the Echocardiographic-Study of Latinos, a population-based study of Hispanics/Latinos in the United States, was used. A reference healthy sample was used to define the 95th-percentile lower limit of normal GLS value of –14.2% which was applied to the target population to describe the distribution of GLS across age, gender, and Hispanic/Latino background groups. The proportion of normal/abnormal GLS and left ventricular ejection fraction are described, as well as the proportion of abnormal GLS across prevalent heart failure risk factors (hypertension, obesity, and diabetes). Survey statistics and weighted frequencies were used in all analyses. The study sample consisted of 1,818 adult participants (mean age 56.4 years; 42.6% female). The overall ECHO-SOL target population had a mean GLS of –17.6% with 12.1% having prevalent abnormal GLS. GLS was significantly worse in men than women, and abnormal GLS was more prevalent among individuals of Cuban background than any other Hispanic/Latino background group. More than half (56.4%) of individuals with abnormal GLS had values within the normal left ventricular ejection fraction range, and there were worsening GLS values with increasing heart failure risk factor burden (p &lt; 0.01). In conclusion, our study establishes the first Hispanic/Latino-specific GLS reference values, emphasizing the importance of representative populations in the derivation of myocardial deformation thresholds. Abnormal GLS was prevalent among Hispanics/Latinos, and increasing heart failure risk factor burden correlated with worsening GLS, reinforcing the role of risk factors in early cardiovascular risk assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7705,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiology","volume":"261 ","pages":"Pages 41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}