Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology最新文献

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6 The effects of pain and its management on mother and fetus 疼痛对母体和胎儿的影响及其处理
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80076-X
MBBS, FRCA Anne E. May (Consultant, Obstetric Anaesthesia), MB, ChB, BMedSci, FRCA Christopher D. Elton (Senior Registrar, Anaesthesia)
{"title":"6 The effects of pain and its management on mother and fetus","authors":"MBBS, FRCA Anne E. May (Consultant, Obstetric Anaesthesia),&nbsp;MB, ChB, BMedSci, FRCA Christopher D. Elton (Senior Registrar, Anaesthesia)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80076-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80076-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Childbirth is frequently accompanied by pain. For religious, cultural and philosophical reasons many groups have sought to prevent treatment of pain. Pain may have adverse effects on the mother and fetus. The psychological effects of severe pain should not be overlooked particularly where it is associated with an adverse fetal or maternal outcome. There are a number of different forms of pain relief in labour with differing side-effects and efficacies. The controversy concerning medical management of women in labour has been used to dissuade women from requesting pain relief. This debate has encouraged the use of a patient-centred philosophy of care that encourages the patient to retain control. However, good pain relief may allow the women to retain control if administered in a sensitive manner. The ideal analgesic in labour is discussed. Recent and future developments of analgesia in childbirth are discussed with respect to this.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 3","pages":"Pages 423-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80076-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
5 Traditional analgesic agents: are parenteral narcotics passé and do inhalational agents still have a place in labour? 传统镇痛药:非肠外麻醉是否有效,吸入镇痛药在分娩中是否仍有一席之地?
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80075-8
MD, PhD Christina Olofsson (Assistant Professor), MD, PhD Lars Irestedt (Associate Professor)
{"title":"5 Traditional analgesic agents: are parenteral narcotics passé and do inhalational agents still have a place in labour?","authors":"MD, PhD Christina Olofsson (Assistant Professor),&nbsp;MD, PhD Lars Irestedt (Associate Professor)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80075-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80075-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Systemic labour pain treatment with opioids and inhaled nitrous oxide has for many decades frequently been used in medically developed countries. Self-administered nitrous oxide (50% in oxygen) has never gained the same popularity in the USA as in the UK or Scandinavia but the use of opioids, mainly pethidine, has generally been widespread in spite of well-known negative effects on the postnatal adaptation of the newborn. Since the often very intense labour pain seems to respond very poorly even to highly sedating doses of parenteral opioids, their frequent use during delivery and parturition has to be questioned. Self-administered inhalation of nitrous oxide 50% in oxygen also has a limited efficacy for relieving labour pain but because it is mainly devoid of adverse effects on the baby or on the parturient its future use in obstetrics can be defended more easily, either as a sole agent in women with low labour pain scores or in early labour preceding epidural analgesia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 3","pages":"Pages 409-421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80075-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92088440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
2 Clinical presentation of uterine fibroids 2子宫肌瘤的临床表现
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80060-6
MD, FRCOG Mary Ann Lumsden (Senior Lecturer), MD, MRCOG, FRACOG Euan M. Wallace (Senior Lecturer)
{"title":"2 Clinical presentation of uterine fibroids","authors":"MD, FRCOG Mary Ann Lumsden (Senior Lecturer),&nbsp;MD, MRCOG, FRACOG Euan M. Wallace (Senior Lecturer)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80060-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80060-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is often accepted that fibroids cause a variety of female reproductive problems, such as menorrhagia, pain, infertility, pregnancy loss and pregnancy complications. Understandably, therefore, many ‘successful’ medical or surgical interventions have been proposed. However, while fibroids are certainly commonly associated with these conditions, it remains unclear whether this is coincidental, because of the high prevalence of fibroids, or causal. In particular, this chapter explores the roles of fibroids in menorrhagia, discussing possible pathophysiological mechanisms and the utility of medical and surgical management. Similarly, the relationship between fibroids and infertility is examined, concluding that fibroids are not causative in the vast majority of cases and thereby questioning the effectiveness of myomectomy as a treatment for infertility. The use of hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal women with existing fibroids is also discussed, concluding that this is generally safe and appropriate. In pregnancy, it is a commonly held tenet that uterine fibroids enlarge and that they are associated with various adverse outcomes such as miscarriage, placental abruption, fetal growth retardation and Caesarean section. This chapter evaluates the available evidence for this and concludes that, as with infertility, the role of fibroids has been exaggerated. Nonetheless, pregnancy management options are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 177-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80060-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 109
3 Pathology of uterine fibroids 子宫肌瘤的病理
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80061-8
BSc, MB BS, FRCPath Julie Crow (Senior Lecturer and Consultant Histopathologist)
{"title":"3 Pathology of uterine fibroids","authors":"BSc, MB BS, FRCPath Julie Crow (Senior Lecturer and Consultant Histopathologist)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80061-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80061-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pathological appearances of uterine leiomyomas at macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural levels are described and illustrated. Features useful in the differential diagnosis from other uterine spindle cell lesions are included, and an outline is given of the variable features found in different studies of the effects of gonadotrophin hormone releasing hormone analogues on uterine leiomyomas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 197-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80061-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
9 Hysterectomy and myomectomy by laparotomy 9剖腹子宫切除术和子宫肌瘤切除术
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80066-7
MD, FRCOG Christine P. West (Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist and Part-time Senior Lecturer)
{"title":"9 Hysterectomy and myomectomy by laparotomy","authors":"MD, FRCOG Christine P. West (Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist and Part-time Senior Lecturer)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80066-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80066-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hysterectomy provides definitive treatment for uterine fibroids. Surgery should be offered to women whose fibroids are symptomatic; it is not indicated on the basis of uterine size alone. Myomectomy is an option for those wishing to preserve uterine function. The prospects for successful pregnancy following myomectomy are encouraging, although there is a significant risk of the later recurrence of fibroids. Laparotomy remains the most appropriate surgical approach for large fibroids, although vaginal, rather than abdominal, hysterectomy may be suitable for some women whose uteri do not exceed a 12–14 week gestation size. There is some evidence that the morbidity of abdominal procedures increases with very large uteri. Uterine shrinkage with GnRH analogues may facilitate vaginal hysterectomy and be useful prior to abdominal hysterectomy or myomectomy for very large fibroids, although cost-effectiveness for its use with abdominal procedures has not been demonstrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 317-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80066-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Factors in fibroid growth. 肌瘤生长的因素。
J Andersen
{"title":"Factors in fibroid growth.","authors":"J Andersen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uterine leiomyomas, commonly called fibroids, are benign tumours of myometrial origin. The tumours enlarge in as many as 30% of women over 30 years of age, causing significant morbidity. Recent research has been directed towards understanding the factors involved in their enlargement. The ovarian steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone contribute to the pathology of leiomyomas but in unexpected ways. During the follicular phase, oestrogen maintains the high expression of several genes that are normally expressed in the expanding myometrium of pregnancy; however, increased mitotic activity is not induced. During the luteal phase, increased mitotic activity is observed in leiomyomas, particularly in younger women. Progesterone increases the mitotic rate of the tumours in vitro and may induce the production of growth factors and/or their respective receptors during the luteal phase. In addition, a number of non-random chromosomal translocations have been observed in developing clonal tumours. This review will survey factors that may promote enlargement of uterine leiomyomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"225-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
6 Gonadotrophin hormone-releasing hormone analogue treatment of fibroids 促性腺激素释放激素类似物治疗肌瘤
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80063-1
MD, FRCOG, FRCS Robert W. Shaw (Head of Department)
{"title":"6 Gonadotrophin hormone-releasing hormone analogue treatment of fibroids","authors":"MD, FRCOG, FRCS Robert W. Shaw (Head of Department)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80063-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80063-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gonadotrophin hormone-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) therapy can induce a reduction in fibroid volume by up to 50% over a period of 3 months treatment. This effect may be beneficial in selected patients, prior to open or endoscopic myomectomy, to aid the surgical procedure by improving vision because of reduced blood loss and reduced uterine artery blood flow. Symptoms of excessive menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain and dysmenorrhoea will also be controlled. Long-term administration of GnRHa requires the use of concomitant add-back therapy, the optimal combination investigated to date being an oestrogen-progestogen continuous combined preparation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 245-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80063-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Index 指数
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80068-0
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80068-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80068-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 341-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80068-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138370088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
7 Other medical management of uterine fibroids 子宫肌瘤的其他医学处理
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80064-3
MD, PhD Talia Eldar-Geva (Research Fellow), PhD, FRACOG, CREI David L. Healy (Professor and Chairman)
{"title":"7 Other medical management of uterine fibroids","authors":"MD, PhD Talia Eldar-Geva (Research Fellow),&nbsp;PhD, FRACOG, CREI David L. Healy (Professor and Chairman)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80064-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80064-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several medicines are emerging with the potential to treat symptomatic uterine fibroids. Anti-progesterone compounds seem particularly promising. These drugs have been widely used for nearly 20 years and are known to be safe; medical politics have prevented their proper investigation for uterine fibroids. In particular, the value of mifepristone, 50 mg per day for 3 months, seems particularly promising. Further investigation is clearly warranted for this medicine. Several anti-oestrogen compounds have recently become available and may also be useful for the medical treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids. This includes the possibility of the use of selective oestrogen receptor modulators as well as the prospect of the use of pure anti-oestrogens. On a longer time frame, inhibitors of angiogenesis may be useful. These medicines would act upon the blood supply to uterine fibroids. Physicians also have an obligation to investigate scientifically any promising naturopathic treatment that appears to have possible activity for symptomatic fibroids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 269-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80064-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
8 Endoscopic treatment of uterine fibroids 子宫肌瘤的内镜治疗
Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80065-5
MBBS, FRCS(Eng), FRACOG, CREI Carl Wood (Professor), MBBS, FRACOG, FRCOG Peter Maher (Associate Professor)
{"title":"8 Endoscopic treatment of uterine fibroids","authors":"MBBS, FRCS(Eng), FRACOG, CREI Carl Wood (Professor),&nbsp;MBBS, FRACOG, FRCOG Peter Maher (Associate Professor)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80065-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80065-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endoscopic surgery is able to replace most abdominal operations in the surgical treatment of uterine leiomyomas. The use of gonadotrophin hormone-releasing hormone analogues, arterial embolization, hysteroscopy, new techniques of morcellation, laparo-vaginal gasless laparoscopy and laparoscopic mini-laparotomy have enabled the avoidance of laparotomy incisions in most patients. The previous disadvantages of laparoscopy, namely a prolonged operating time, excessive bleeding and inadequate closure, have been overcome. Case and controlled studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of endoscopy in fibroid treatment. The surgical techniques require advanced endoscopic training.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77031,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"12 2","pages":"Pages 289-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3552(98)80065-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20898016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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