American journal of optometry and physiological optics最新文献_第7页

Lens-induced fixation disparity curves. 透镜引起的固定视差曲线。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198808000-00003

B Wick, C Joubert

引用次数: 3

Effect of reinforcement on infants' performance in a preferential looking acuity task. 强化对婴儿优先注视敏锐任务表现的影响。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198808000-00008

B R Stephens, M S Banks

{"title":"Effect of reinforcement on infants' performance in a preferential looking acuity task.","authors":"B R Stephens, M S Banks","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198808000-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198808000-00008","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments examined the effect of reinforcement on infants' performance in a preferential looking acuity task. In experiment 1, performance of 3- and 5-month-old infants was assessed under three conditions. In one condition, reinforcement was contingent upon performance. In another, no reinforcement was provided. In the last condition, reinforcement was provided, but it was not contingent upon performance. Similar performance was observed in all three conditions. In experiment 2, 7-month-olds were tested in the first and second conditions. No differences in performance were observed between these two groups. Thus, the reinforcement used in preferential looking measurements does not appear to improve performance significantly for 3- to 7-month-old infants. Several interpretations of these results are presented. The most plausible is that performance under nonreinforced conditions is already nearly optimal, so the addition of reinforcement has little impact. General implications for estimates of infant visual sensitivity in the laboratory and clinic are discussed.","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 8","pages":"637-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198808000-00008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14308774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

RGP lens binding. RGP镜片绑定。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-08-01

E Kenyon

引用次数: 0

Calculating refractive index. 计算折射率。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-08-01

G Smith

引用次数: 0

Fresnel vs. conventional prisms: their effects on the apparent fronto-parallel plane horopter. 菲涅耳与传统棱镜:它们对视前平行平面光学的影响。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-07-01

S M Brunnett, M T Munson, D G Kirschen

{"title":"Fresnel vs. conventional prisms: their effects on the apparent fronto-parallel plane horopter.","authors":"S M Brunnett, M T Munson, D G Kirschen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Among the inherent optical aberrations found in conventional crown glass or resin prisms is the property known as nonuniform relative magnification. Prisms, by definition, displace an image by a given amount. However, the final size of the image is nonuniform, being relatively larger toward the apex than toward the base of the prism. At present, reduction of the amount of nonuniform magnification is achieved by fabricating the prismatic correction on relatively steeper base curves (i.e., +9.00 D). This research deals with an attempt to reduce nonuniform magnification using Fresnel prisms. In this way, image displacement is created only by small prism apices, each of equal power and each producing identical image displacement resulting in a smaller degree of nonuniformity of image size. In this experiment, equal amounts of prism were fabricated on flat and steep base curves, using either conventional or Fresnel prism. The precise magnitude of the nonuniform relative magnification for each set of lenses was measured by a number of observers using the Apparent Fronto-Parallel Plane (AFPP) horopter apparatus. After statistical analysis using both an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a matched pair t-test, there proved to be no significant reduction in the amount of nonuniform relative magnification when Fresnel prisms were used in place of conventional ground prisms. Furthermore, maximal reduction of this aberration appears to be effected only by fabricating such corrections on steep base curves. Relative magnification is more a function of the orientation of the base-apex meridian and the angle of incident light from an extended object than of effects of prism type or thickness.","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 7","pages":"519-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14336843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rigid gas-permeable vs. hydrogel contact lenses for extended wear. 刚性透气性与水凝胶隐形眼镜的长时间佩戴。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198807000-00003

D Fonn, B A Holden

{"title":"Rigid gas-permeable vs. hydrogel contact lenses for extended wear.","authors":"D Fonn, B A Holden","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198807000-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198807000-00003","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical trial was conducted to compare the extended wear performance of rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses with that of soft lenses. Subjects were fitted with a RGP lens (Boston IV) in one eye and a soft lens (Bausch & Lomb \"O\" series) in the other eye, and wore them on an extended wear basis for up to 3 months. No subjects developed any acute adverse reactions in the RGP lens-wearing eye. After the initial adaptation period, subject acceptance of RGP extended wear in terms of vision and comfort was superior. The RGP lenses also induced less chronic hypoxic stress than hydrogel lenses of comparable Dk/L, as evidenced by the presence of epithelial microcysts. Several complications of RGP extended wear were observed including lens binding, blepharoptosis, transient pupil size increases, and corneal staining. As hypoxia-induced corneal changes, such as microcysts and striae, were observed in the RGP lens-wearing eyes, we consider that these particular RGP lenses do not have adequate oxygen transmissibility for successful long-term extended wear. However, if RGP lens materials of higher oxygen transmissibility and better designs can be attained, the potential of RGP extended wear would appear promising.","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 7","pages":"536-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198807000-00003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14192919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Visual field area in phakic, aphakic, and pseudophakic individuals. 失视症、失视症和伪失视症患者的视野面积。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198807000-00011

L Lazarus, T D Williams

引用次数: 8

Comparative investigations of progressive lenses. 渐进晶状体的比较研究。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198807000-00007

H Diepes, A Tameling

引用次数: 17

AIDS Task Force policy statement. Section on Public Health and Occupational Vision of the American Academy of Optometry. 艾滋病特别工作组政策声明。美国视光学会公共卫生和职业视力部分。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-07-01

引用次数: 0

Fresnel vs. conventional prisms: their effects on the apparent fronto-parallel plane horopter. 菲涅耳与传统棱镜:它们对视前平行平面光学的影响。

American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198807000-00001

S. M. Brunnett, M. T. Munson, D. Kirschen

{"title":"Fresnel vs. conventional prisms: their effects on the apparent fronto-parallel plane horopter.","authors":"S. M. Brunnett, M. T. Munson, D. Kirschen","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198807000-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198807000-00001","url":null,"abstract":"Among the inherent optical aberrations found in conventional crown glass or resin prisms is the property known as nonuniform relative magnification. Prisms, by definition, displace an image by a given amount. However, the final size of the image is nonuniform, being relatively larger toward the apex than toward the base of the prism. At present, reduction of the amount of nonuniform magnification is achieved by fabricating the prismatic correction on relatively steeper base curves (i.e., +9.00 D). This research deals with an attempt to reduce nonuniform magnification using Fresnel prisms. In this way, image displacement is created only by small prism apices, each of equal power and each producing identical image displacement resulting in a smaller degree of nonuniformity of image size. In this experiment, equal amounts of prism were fabricated on flat and steep base curves, using either conventional or Fresnel prism. The precise magnitude of the nonuniform relative magnification for each set of lenses was measured by a number of observers using the Apparent Fronto-Parallel Plane (AFPP) horopter apparatus. After statistical analysis using both an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a matched pair t-test, there proved to be no significant reduction in the amount of nonuniform relative magnification when Fresnel prisms were used in place of conventional ground prisms. Furthermore, maximal reduction of this aberration appears to be effected only by fabricating such corrections on steep base curves. Relative magnification is more a function of the orientation of the base-apex meridian and the angle of incident light from an extended object than of effects of prism type or thickness.","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"9 1","pages":"519-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82630961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3