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American journal of optometry and physiological optics最新文献

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Visual decrement with deposit accumulation of HEMA contact lenses. HEMA隐形眼镜积存导致视力下降。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-12-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198812000-00003
K W Gellatly, N A Brennan, N Efron
{"title":"Visual decrement with deposit accumulation of HEMA contact lenses.","authors":"K W Gellatly,&nbsp;N A Brennan,&nbsp;N Efron","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198812000-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198812000-00003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The vision decrement associated with deposit accumulation on hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) contact lenses was assessed in 51 patients presenting consecutively to a large clinic. Both high contrast visual acuity (HCA) and low contrast visual acuity (LCA) (logMAR) decreased with increased deposition (Rudko classification). Apart from being consistently lower than HCA, LCA offered no additional useful information. Both HCA and LCA worsened with lens age, whilst lens deposition increased with lens age (p less than 0.001). No associations between any of the above measures and patient symptoms were revealed. In general, unacceptable vision decrement and deposit formation occurred after 12 months or 4,000 h of daily lens wear. Clinicians can use the data presented in this paper to reconcile vision loss with deposit formation in patients wearing HEMA lenses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 12","pages":"937-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198812000-00003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14392670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 122
Meridional differences in the directional sensitivity of the human color mechanisms. 经络差异对人的色彩机制有方向性的敏感性。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00005
G A Geri, G L Kandel, C R Genter, H E Breed
{"title":"Meridional differences in the directional sensitivity of the human color mechanisms.","authors":"G A Geri,&nbsp;G L Kandel,&nbsp;C R Genter,&nbsp;H E Breed","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The directional sensitivity (DS) of the red (pi 5), green (pi 4), and blue (pi 1) color mechanisms was measured for both the horizontal and vertical pupil meridians, thus localizing the peak of each pi-mechanism DS function within the two-dimensional pupillary aperture. In the horizontal meridian, there were greater differences among observers in DS function peak locations than there were for any one observer. Along the vertical meridian, peak location differences within observers were similar to those found in the horizontal meridian, whereas among-observer differences were much smaller. Significant differences between horizontal and vertical DS function halfwidths were also found for at least one pi-mechanism of each observer. It is concluded that meridional variations exist in either the morphology or orientational distribution of foveal photoreceptors, and that more than one alignment mechanism is responsible for photoreceptor orientation in the human fovea.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"880-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14380196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Accommodative adaptation to monocular and binocular stimuli. 对单眼和双眼刺激的适应性。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00002
M Rosenfield, B Gilmartin
{"title":"Accommodative adaptation to monocular and binocular stimuli.","authors":"M Rosenfield,&nbsp;B Gilmartin","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pre- and post-task measures of dark-focus (DF) were used to assess accommodative adaptation induced by a 45-s near-vision task at 33 cm. Adaptation was measured under monocular and binocular conditions for a group of 10 young emmetropic subjects (mean age 21.6 years). The accommodative response was measured objectively using an infrared optometer (Canon Autoref R-1). Post-task DF was sampled immediately after the task at 1-s intervals over a 90-s period. No significant difference in accommodative adaptation was observed between the monocular and binocular near-vision tasks. The implications of this finding are discussed with regard to the oculomotor constituents of the closed-loop accommodative response.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"862-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14380193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Confirmation of the Simplified Javal's Rule. 简化Javal规则的确认。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00010
P Auger
{"title":"Confirmation of the Simplified Javal's Rule.","authors":"P Auger","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14382462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Simplified system of Purkinje image photography for phakometry. 简化的浦肯野图像摄影系统。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00008
H G Van Veen, D A Goss
{"title":"Simplified system of Purkinje image photography for phakometry.","authors":"H G Van Veen,&nbsp;D A Goss","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phakometry is a technique for measurement of the crystalline lens radii of curvature, usually involving photography of the Purkinje images. We have devised a system of comparison phakometry using commercially available camera equipment. This paper contains a description of the apparatus, technique, and necessary calculations. Reliability of the method is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"905-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14380199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Flexibility of hard gas permeable contact lenses. 硬透气隐形眼镜的柔韧性。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00004
R W Stevenson
{"title":"Flexibility of hard gas permeable contact lenses.","authors":"R W Stevenson","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gas permeable (GP) lenses can flex on some eyes producing unpredictable clinical results. A method of measuring the flexibility of hard GP materials has been developed and shown to be repeatable. Materials in the form of flats rather than lenses were used. Differences between materials were found and in general a linear relation was shown to exist between maximum flexing and quoted oxygen permeability (r = 0.78, p less than 0.05). It is recommended that flexibility be measured and reported in the data presented with all new GP polymers. The term \"hard\" rather than \"rigid\" in describing GP lenses is suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"874-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14380195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Similarities and differences in a set of 7-year-old triplets, two of whom are monozygotic. 一组7岁三胞胎的异同，其中两个是同卵。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00006
J Rosner, J S Aker, J Rosner
{"title":"Similarities and differences in a set of 7-year-old triplets, two of whom are monozygotic.","authors":"J Rosner,&nbsp;J S Aker,&nbsp;J Rosner","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper describes three sisters, triplets, age 7 years, 2 months, two of whom derive from a single ovum, the third from a second ovum. As such, they provide an opportunity to examine the relative impact of heredity on certain of their physical, developed, and acquired abilities and characteristics. In addition to a comparison of such physical traits as height, weight, refractive status, axial length, and so on, certain (developed) sensory-motor and (acquired) cognitive and language measures are reported, such as binocular status, visual and auditory analysis skills, intelligence quotient, and (expressive and receptive) language abilities. Because all three children have lived in (more or less) the same pre- and post-natal environment, we assume that whatever concordance the monozygotic (MZ) pair displays that is not shared by their dizygotic (DZ) sister is attributable to heredity. (It does not necessarily follow, however, that any discordance between the two MZ sisters or any concordance between one of them and their DZ sister is attributable to environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"890-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14380197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Vision anomalies and reading skill: a meta-analysis of the literature. 视觉异常与阅读能力:文献荟萃分析。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01
H D Simons, P A Gassler
{"title":"Vision anomalies and reading skill: a meta-analysis of the literature.","authors":"H D Simons,&nbsp;P A Gassler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a meta-analysis of studies of the relation of vision anomalies to reading skill. Meta-analysis is a quantitative technique for combining the results of multiple studies that reduces the subjectivity of literature reviews. The results of the analysis of 34 studies of vision anomalies and reading skill that met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis showed that hyperopia, exophoria at near, vertical phoria, anisometropia, and aniseikonia are associated with below average reading performance. Myopia and esophoria and esophoria at far are associated with average and above average reading performance. Reduced visual acuity, astigmatism, esophoria at near, fusional convergence and divergence, strabismus, nearpoint of convergence, and stereopsis were not found to be associated with reading performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"893-904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14380198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patterns of binocular suppression and accommodation in monovision. 单视的双眼抑制和调节模式。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00001
C Schor, P Erickson
{"title":"Patterns of binocular suppression and accommodation in monovision.","authors":"C Schor,&nbsp;P Erickson","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The binocular depth of focus of monovision wearers was compared to the sum of the two monocularly determined depths of focus. Observers fell into three groups based upon ocular sighting dominance. Complete binocular summation of the monocular depths of focus was observed in subjects without a preferred fixating eye. Subjects who preferred to fixate with one eye had difficulty suppressing blur of that eye while the binocular target was within the depth of focus of the nonpreferred eye. A third group showed partial summation of the two monocular depths of focus. Similar patterns of accommodative response, measured objectively with the SRI optometer, were observed in subjects wearing monovision corrections. Accommodative response to sinusoidal variations in blur was controlled primarily by the dominant sighting eye. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of interocular suppression of anisometropic blur in monovision correction and the influence of ocular dominance upon this suppression process.</p>","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"853-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14380192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 52
Chronobiology and closed-angle glaucoma. 时间生物学与闭角型青光眼。
American journal of optometry and physiological optics Pub Date : 1988-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-198811000-00011
C Costagliola, E Rinaldi, P Vito, E Manni, A Iura, B Cati-Giovannelli
{"title":"Chronobiology and closed-angle glaucoma.","authors":"C Costagliola,&nbsp;E Rinaldi,&nbsp;P Vito,&nbsp;E Manni,&nbsp;A Iura,&nbsp;B Cati-Giovannelli","doi":"10.1097/00006324-198811000-00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7700,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and physiological optics","volume":"65 11","pages":"916-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-198811000-00011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14382463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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