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American journal of mental retardation : AJMR最新文献

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Tremor frequency profile as a function of level of mental retardation. 震颤频率与智力迟钝程度的关系。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[300:TFPAAF]2.0.CO;2
Robert L Sprague, Katherine M Deutsch, Karl M Newell
{"title":"Tremor frequency profile as a function of level of mental retardation.","authors":"Robert L Sprague,&nbsp;Katherine M Deutsch,&nbsp;Karl M Newell","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[300:TFPAAF]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[300:TFPAAF]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The characteristic slowness of movement initiation and execution in adult individuals with mental retardation may be driven by the slower frequency profile of the dynamics of the system. To investigate this hypothesis, we examined the resting and postural finger tremor frequency profile (single and dual limb) of adults as a function of level of mental retardation (moderate, severe, profound). There was a progressive increase in the contribution of slow frequency components to the enhanced amplitude of tremor as a function of mental retardation, particularly in the group with profound mental retardation. Findings support the hypothesis of mental retardation inducing a slower frequency to the system dynamics that may fundamentally drive the characteristic slowness of movement behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 4","pages":"300-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[300:TFPAAF]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26769493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Hyperresponsive sensory patterns in young children with autism, developmental delay, and typical development. 患有自闭症、发育迟缓和典型发育的幼儿的超反应感觉模式。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[233:HSPIYC]2.0.CO;2
Grace T Baranek, Brian A Boyd, Michele D Poe, Fabian J David, Linda R Watson
{"title":"Hyperresponsive sensory patterns in young children with autism, developmental delay, and typical development.","authors":"Grace T Baranek,&nbsp;Brian A Boyd,&nbsp;Michele D Poe,&nbsp;Fabian J David,&nbsp;Linda R Watson","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[233:HSPIYC]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[233:HSPIYC]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nature of hyperresponsiveness to sensory stimuli in children with autism, using a new observational measure, the SPA, was examined. Three groups of young participants were assessed (autism, developmental delay, typical). Across all groups, MA was a predictor of hyperresponsiveness, such that aversion to multisensory toys decreased as MA increased. The two clinical groups displayed higher levels of sensory aversion than the typical group. The groups did not differ in the proportion of children habituating to an auditory stimulus; however, nonresponders were more prevalent in the autism group. These findings elucidate developmental influences on sensory features and the specificity of hyperresponsiveness to clinical groups. Implications for understanding pathogenesis, differentiating constructs of hypersensitivity, and planning treatment are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 4","pages":"233-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[233:HSPIYC]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26769488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 222
Discovering indices of contingency awareness in adults with multiple profound disabilities. 成人多重重度残疾患者应急意识指标的研究。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[246:DIOCAI]2.0.CO;2
Richard R Saunders, Muriel D Saunders, Brittany Struve, Abbie L Munce, Lesley B Olswang, Patricia A Dowden, Estelle R Klasner
{"title":"Discovering indices of contingency awareness in adults with multiple profound disabilities.","authors":"Richard R Saunders,&nbsp;Muriel D Saunders,&nbsp;Brittany Struve,&nbsp;Abbie L Munce,&nbsp;Lesley B Olswang,&nbsp;Patricia A Dowden,&nbsp;Estelle R Klasner","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[246:DIOCAI]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[246:DIOCAI]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted two studies to examine parameters of social attention in contingency awareness training using switch activation with individuals who had multiple profound disabilities. In Study 1 we compared leisure devices and social attention as reinforcing stimuli with 5 individuals. Results indicated the reinforcing qualities of social attention over leisure devices with 2 individuals and documented the importance of session length in training. In Study 2 we investigated idiosyncratic behaviors as indicators of responsiveness with 3 of the 5 original participants as they activated switches. Behavior changes during switch activation versus nonactivation times in the leisure device and social attention conditions suggested volitional movement supporting contingency awareness and preference. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 4","pages":"246-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[246:DIOCAI]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26769489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Divorce in families of children with Down syndrome: a population-based study. 唐氏综合症患儿家庭的离婚:一项基于人群的研究。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[261:DIFOCW]2.0.CO;2
Richard C Urbano, Robert M Hodapp
{"title":"Divorce in families of children with Down syndrome: a population-based study.","authors":"Richard C Urbano,&nbsp;Robert M Hodapp","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[261:DIFOCW]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[261:DIFOCW]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we examined the nature, timing, and correlates of divorce in families of children with Down syndrome (647), other birth defects (10,283) and no identified disability (361,154). Divorce rates among families of children with Down syndrome were lower than in the other two groups. When divorce did occur in the Down syndrome group, however, a higher proportion occurred within the first 2 years after the child's birth. Mothers and fathers of children with Down syndrome were much more likely to divorce if they were younger, had not graduated from high school, and if fathers were less educated and lived in a rural area. Few effects on divorce were noted for a variety of family structure variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 4","pages":"261-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[261:DIFOCW]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26769490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 115
Narrative development in adolescents and young adults with fragile x syndrome. 患有脆性x染色体综合征的青少年和年轻人的叙事发育。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-07-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[289:NDIAAY]2.0.CO;2
Yolanda D Keller-Bell, Leonard Abbeduto, Leonard D Abbeduto
{"title":"Narrative development in adolescents and young adults with fragile x syndrome.","authors":"Yolanda D Keller-Bell,&nbsp;Leonard Abbeduto,&nbsp;Leonard D Abbeduto","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[289:NDIAAY]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[289:NDIAAY]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"The narratives of 18 adolescents and young adults with fragile X syndrome were compared to those of 23 adolescents with Down syndrome and 21 typically developing children matched for nonverbal MA. Narratives were elicited using a wordless picture book and analyzed for use of narrative evaluation, linguistic productivity, and complexity. Results revealed that the individuals with fragile X syndrome produced significantly fewer different types of narrative evaluation, but more grammatically acceptable utterances than did the youth with Down syndrome. There was no significant difference between the participants with fragile X syndrome and their typically developing nonverbal-MA matches. Results suggest that a variety of language measures and contexts are needed to gain a full understanding of the language abilities of individuals with fragile X syndrome.","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 4","pages":"289-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[289:NDIAAY]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26769492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 48
Effects of microswitch-based programs on indices of happiness of students with multiple disabilities: a new research evaluation. 基于微开关的程序对多重残疾学生幸福指数的影响:一项新的研究评价。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-05-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[167:EOMPOI]2.0.CO;2
Giulio E Lancioni, Nirbhay N Singh, Mark F O'Reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Robert Didden, Doretta Oliva, Laura Severini, Angela Smaldone, Alessia Tota, Maria L Lamartire
{"title":"Effects of microswitch-based programs on indices of happiness of students with multiple disabilities: a new research evaluation.","authors":"Giulio E Lancioni,&nbsp;Nirbhay N Singh,&nbsp;Mark F O'Reilly,&nbsp;Jeff Sigafoos,&nbsp;Robert Didden,&nbsp;Doretta Oliva,&nbsp;Laura Severini,&nbsp;Angela Smaldone,&nbsp;Alessia Tota,&nbsp;Maria L Lamartire","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[167:EOMPOI]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[167:EOMPOI]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of microswitch-based programs on indices of happiness were evaluated with 9 students who had profound multiple disabilities. Each student received an ABAB sequence in which A represented baseline phases and B, intervention phases. During the latter phases, microswitches were used to enable the students to control preferred environmental stimulation with simple/feasible responses, such as hand-pushing and foot-lifting. Results show that all students increased microswitch responding during the intervention phases. Seven of them also had significant increases in indices of happiness, whereas the other 2 did not. In an attempt to shed some light on the reasons underlying the different outcomes, we examined procedural and methodological aspects of the study.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 3","pages":"167-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[167:EOMPOI]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26754781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Emotional responsivity in young children with Williams syndrome. 威廉斯综合症儿童的情绪反应。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-05-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[194:ERIYCW]2.0.CO;2
Debbie J Fidler, Susan L Hepburn, David E Most, Amy Philofsky, Sally J Rogers
{"title":"Emotional responsivity in young children with Williams syndrome.","authors":"Debbie J Fidler,&nbsp;Susan L Hepburn,&nbsp;David E Most,&nbsp;Amy Philofsky,&nbsp;Sally J Rogers","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[194:ERIYCW]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[194:ERIYCW]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hypothesis that young children with Williams syndrome show higher rates of emotional responsivity relative to other children with developmental disabilities was explored. Performance of 23 young children with Williams syndrome and 30 MA-matched children with developmental disabilities of nonspecific etiologies was compared on an adaptation of Repacholi and Gopnik's (1997) \"Yummy-Yucky\" task. Results show that children with Williams syndrome were more likely to mimic and/or imitate facial affect and vocalizations than children in the mixed comparison group. Yet, this increased emotional responsivity did not substantially improve decision-making based on the affective display; children with Williams syndrome were more likely to attempt to convince the experimenter that the disliked food was likable. Implications of a social profile that includes enhanced emotional responsivity paired with impaired perspective taking are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 3","pages":"194-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[194:ERIYCW]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26754783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 55
Receptive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, and speech production of boys with fragile X syndrome in comparison to boys with down syndrome. 与唐氏综合症男孩相比，脆性X综合征男孩的接受性词汇，表达性词汇和言语产生。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-05-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[177:RVEVAS]2.0.CO;2
Joanne Roberts, Johanna Price, Elizabeth Barnes, Lauren Nelson, Margaret Burchinal, Elizabeth A Hennon, Lauren Moskowitz, Anne Edwards, Cheryl Malkin, Kathleen Anderson, Jan Misenheimer, Stephen R Hooper
{"title":"Receptive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, and speech production of boys with fragile X syndrome in comparison to boys with down syndrome.","authors":"Joanne Roberts,&nbsp;Johanna Price,&nbsp;Elizabeth Barnes,&nbsp;Lauren Nelson,&nbsp;Margaret Burchinal,&nbsp;Elizabeth A Hennon,&nbsp;Lauren Moskowitz,&nbsp;Anne Edwards,&nbsp;Cheryl Malkin,&nbsp;Kathleen Anderson,&nbsp;Jan Misenheimer,&nbsp;Stephen R Hooper","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[177:RVEVAS]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[177:RVEVAS]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Boys with fragile X syndrome with (n = 49) and without (n = 33) characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, boys with Down syndrome (39), and typically developing boys (n = 41) were compared on standardized measures of receptive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, and speech administered annually over 4 years. Three major findings emerged. Boys with fragile X without autism spectrum disorder did not differ from the younger typically developing boys in receptive and expressive vocabulary and speech production when compared at similar levels of nonverbal cognitive skills. Boys with fragile X without autism spectrum disorder and typically developing boys had higher receptive vocabulary and speech production than did boys with Down syndrome. There were mixed patterns of results for the boys with fragile X and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 3","pages":"177-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[177:RVEVAS]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26754782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 103
A structured method of assessing dynamic risk factors among sexual abusers with intellectual disabilities. 一种评估智障性侵者动态风险因素的结构化方法。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-05-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[221:ASMOAD]2.0.CO;2
Robert J McGrath, Joy A Livingston, Gail Falk
{"title":"A structured method of assessing dynamic risk factors among sexual abusers with intellectual disabilities.","authors":"Robert J McGrath,&nbsp;Joy A Livingston,&nbsp;Gail Falk","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[221:ASMOAD]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[221:ASMOAD]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nature and severity of dynamic risk factors among a group of 87 adult male sexual abusers with intellectual disabilities were examined as was the psychometric properties of a new scale designed to measure these risk factors. The Treatment Intervention and Progress Scale for Sexual Abusers with Intellectual Disabilities (TIPS-ID) is composed of 25 dynamic risk factors linked to sexual reoffense. Data analyses indicate support for the item composition and reliability of the scale. Ratings from this scale differentiated participants on several clinical variables related to problem severity but not on a measure of static risk. These results are discussed in terms of their clinical and research implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 3","pages":"221-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[221:ASMOAD]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26753651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Phonological awareness and rapid naming predict word attack and word identification in adults with mild mental retardation. 语音意识和快速命名预测轻度智力迟钝成人的单词攻击和单词识别。
American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Pub Date : 2007-05-01 DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[155:PAARNP]2.0.CO;2
Kathryn J Saunders, Anthony DeFulio
{"title":"Phonological awareness and rapid naming predict word attack and word identification in adults with mild mental retardation.","authors":"Kathryn J Saunders,&nbsp;Anthony DeFulio","doi":"10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[155:PAARNP]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[155:PAARNP]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study we asked whether measures of phonological awareness and rapid naming were correlated with single-word reading skills of 30 adults with mild mental retardation. We presented four tests of phonological awareness (for rime, first, middle, and end-sound categorization), two rapid-naming tests (pictures and letters), and the Woodcock Word-Identification and Word-Attack subtests. All four phonological-awareness measures and both rapid-naming measures were significantly correlated with both word-attack and word-identification skills. This outcome is consistent with findings from typically developing children, suggesting that instruction in phonological awareness would facilitate the acquisition of word-attack skills in individuals with mental retardation.</p>","PeriodicalId":76991,"journal":{"name":"American journal of mental retardation : AJMR","volume":"112 3","pages":"155-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[155:PAARNP]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26754779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
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