World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales最新文献_第10页

Health and environment in São Paulo, Brazil: methods of data linkage and questions of policy. 巴西圣保罗的卫生和环境:数据联系的方法和政策问题。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

C Stephens, M Akerman, P B Maia

引用次数: 0

Sudan: situational analysis of maternal health in Bara District, North Kordofan. 苏丹:北科尔多凡州巴拉县孕产妇保健情况分析。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

M Campbell, Z Abu Sham

{"title":"Sudan: situational analysis of maternal health in Bara District, North Kordofan.","authors":"M Campbell, Z Abu Sham","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A high maternal mortality ratio was estimated in Bara District in Sudan during the late 1980's with approximately 407 women dying per 100,000 live births. In order to design effective intervention strategies, Care International and the Ministry of Health in Sudan conducted a study to identify the attitudes of women, staff, and TBAs towards motherhood, prenatal care, and practices affecting the health of women in the district. The previously conducted training programme for TBAs was also assessed in its impact. The study yielded the following results: in addition to the commonly known risk factors for maternal health e.g. haemorrhage, puerperal infection, obstructed labour, and anemia, the women in the villages and health staff identified female genital mutilation (pharaonic circumcision) as a major threat to safe motherhood. Health seeking behaviour was linked to problems of access and perceived quality of care: women did generally not wish to spend more than 30 minutes for reaching a facility. But if the quality of a particular institution was considered good, and supplies and equipment were available, women would cover great distances to reach such a facility. Participation in prenatal care suffered from the equation of preventive with curative care. Women would therefore tend to turn to a clinic or service provider, if symptoms of illness occurred during a pregnancy. The village-based services suffered from the lack of equipment and poor staff training, which further undermined the motivation to seek prenatal care. When health staff recommended referral of a pregnant women for delivery, the advice was usually followed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":76824,"journal":{"name":"World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales","volume":"48 1","pages":"60-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18577811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

China: epidemiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension. 中国:妊娠高血压流行病学。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

D Jiang

引用次数: 0

Mexico: maternal deaths, fertility patterns, and social cost--an anthropological study. 墨西哥:产妇死亡、生育模式和社会成本——一项人类学研究。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

M C Elu

{"title":"Mexico: maternal deaths, fertility patterns, and social cost--an anthropological study.","authors":"M C Elu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The study of life histories of women who died from a maternal causes identified a lack of value attached to the care of the pregnant woman as one of the main constraints to the prevention of maternal mortality. The immediate family members and women who died had considered pregnancy as a \"natural\" event. Maternal complications were not perceived as meriting appropriate medical attention. This negative scenario combined with rivalry between providers of traditional and modern medical care, led to a passivity which ultimately prevented appropriate maternal care. These social and cultural values, which reinforce the lack of attention given to pregnant women call for educational efforts on the part of community leaders and health service providers to change the perceptions of pregnancy and childbirth as a completely \"natural\" event which needs little health care attention. The conflict between traditional birth attendants and the medical profession needs to be addressed by the respective authorities and educational solutions must be identified to rectify the existing lack of knowledge amongst TBA's. The question of developing a frame-work for collaboration between the traditional and the modern sector of health care will need to be addressed in the future.","PeriodicalId":76824,"journal":{"name":"World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales","volume":"48 1","pages":"47-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18578231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pakistan: the Faisalabad Obstetric Flying Squad. 巴基斯坦:费萨拉巴德产科飞行队。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

M M Andina, F F Fikree

引用次数: 0

Guinea-Bissau: what women know about the risks--an anthropological study. 几内亚比绍:女性对风险的了解——一项人类学研究。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

M M Oosterbaan, M V da Costa

{"title":"Guinea-Bissau: what women know about the risks--an anthropological study.","authors":"M M Oosterbaan, M V da Costa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the range of traditional and spiritual concepts surrounding pregnancy and childbirth. Most of these beliefs and practices prevent appropriate nutrition, antenatal, and delivery care. Knowledge of danger signs and risk factors is virtually absent. When illness becomes manifest the women tend to consult competing sectors of traditional and modern medicine, but no referral or cooperation exists between them. The perceived curative orientation of antenatal service results in their underutilization. The study findings reinforce the need to develop appropriate health education programmes to overcome prevailing prejudices towards the modern health sector and covering a wide range of health education topics, including danger signs in pregnancy and the accompanying antenatal and delivery care. The integration of traditional practitioners into the existing primary health care system should be encouraged. The modern sector would benefit from the upgrading of personnel, equipment, and drugs as well as the development of integrated maternal and child health and family planning services. Continuous education should help nurses and midwives to become more responsive to the special needs of pregnant women and to provide family planning education. Outside the health sector, school health education should include sex education in order to avoid unwanted, early pregnancies. Finally the health information system should be improved to provide accurate information on pregnancy related morbidity and maternal mortality.","PeriodicalId":76824,"journal":{"name":"World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales","volume":"48 1","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18578228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decision-making in environmental health. 环境卫生决策。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

E Schwartz, C Corvalán

{"title":"Decision-making in environmental health.","authors":"E Schwartz, C Corvalán","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Despite our current knowledge about harmful exposures obtained from environmental epidemiology studies, preventive action is lacking in many fronts. To reverse this trend, results from environmental epidemiological studies must be translated from theory into public health practice more efficiently. This process requires epidemiology to provide the right type of data for decision-making and to communicate the results of environmental epidemiology studies in a form understandable to the community at large and to those empowered to take action. Tools for decision-making based on epidemiological data need to be developed further, and the epidemiologist has a role to play in the process of addressing the solutions to the problems they study. Similarly, while those with decision-making responsibilities are not expected to be directly involved with technical aspects of conducting epidemiological studies, it is necessary that they learn new ways of thinking and of evaluating information on health. They have a responsibility to understand the implications of the uncertainties in the information and the value this information has for decision-making. Decision-making involves choosing among alternative ways of meeting objectives. Often, however, there may be a number of objectives that may be in competition or conflict. Not infrequently, this combination of uncertainty and conflict produces diverse conclusions about the \"best alternative\" when viewed by different observers. A decision-maker must choose between competing alternatives, and may face uncertainties and difficulties at every step. These difficulties, however, should not serve as excuses for lack of action. While it is true that increasing evidence about a potential environmental health problem would aid the decision-making process, lack of action while waiting for more evidence may also carry significant adverse consequences.","PeriodicalId":76824,"journal":{"name":"World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales","volume":"48 2","pages":"164-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19565201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The use of geographical information systems in studies on environment and health. 地理信息系统在环境与健康研究中的应用。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

D J Briggs, P Elliott

引用次数: 0

Gambia: evaluation of the mobile health care service in West Kiang district. 冈比亚:对西江地区流动保健服务的评价。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

F Foord

引用次数: 0

Guinea-Bissau: maternal mortality assessment. 几内亚比绍:孕产妇死亡率评估。

World health statistics quarterly. Rapport trimestriel de statistiques sanitaires mondiales Pub Date : 1995-01-01

M M Oosterbaan

引用次数: 0