{"title":"A digital cognitive behavioural therapy programme for insomnia and anxiety in older adults: feasibility and preliminary efficacy.","authors":"Mathilde Reyt, Jeannick Adoutoro, Florence Borgetto, Caroline Desrosiers, Loic Barbaux, Kirsten Gong, Josée Savard, Sébastien Grenier, Thien Thanh Dang Vu","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insomnia and anxiety are highly prevalent and often comorbid in older adults. Although cognitive behavioural therapy is the first-line treatment for insomnia, few interventions simultaneously address both conditions. Furthermore, access remains limited by provider availability and high costs. To address these gaps, we developed an online CBT programme for insomnia and anxiety (eCBT+). This randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the usability and acceptability of the eCBT+ programme and evaluate its efficacy in older adults with insomnia. Eighty older adults with insomnia were randomised to the eCBT+ intervention (n = 38) or a waitlist (WL) control condition (n = 42). Platform usability and programme acceptability were assessed post-intervention using the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire and the extended Technology Acceptance Model questionnaire. Insomnia and anxiety symptoms were evaluated with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) respectively, along with sleep-diary-derived sleep efficiency, at baseline and follow-up. Linear mixed models with an intention-to-treat approach assessed the Group*Time interaction. The platform was considered user-friendly (SUS = 69.94%). Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and result demonstrability were the main contributors to acceptability. The eCBT+ group showed reduced ISI and GAI and increased sleep efficiency, from baseline to follow-up, compared to the WL group (Ps < .001). The eCBT+ programme was user-friendly and its use was acceptable in older adults with insomnia. The programme improved sleep efficiency and reduced insomnia and anxiety symptoms, demonstrating the efficacy of our eCBT+ intervention. Web-based tools offer a promising approach to promote sleep and mental health among older adults (https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN15338211).</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag114
Mary N Lochlainn
{"title":"A system under heat: care homes, frailty and climate vulnerability.","authors":"Mary N Lochlainn","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag115
Wan-Hsuan Lu, Isabelle Carrie, Neda Tavassoli, Fatemeh Nourhashémi, Yves Rolland, Maria Eugenia Soto Martín, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Bruno Vellas
{"title":"Screening high-risk older adults using self-assessed intrinsic capacity: evidence from real-world ICOPE implementation.","authors":"Wan-Hsuan Lu, Isabelle Carrie, Neda Tavassoli, Fatemeh Nourhashémi, Yves Rolland, Maria Eugenia Soto Martín, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Bruno Vellas","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A basic assessment of intrinsic capacity (IC) deficits in the WHO Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) care pathway can be conducted by health and care workers and through self-assessment. This study described the flow of older individuals undertaking ICOPE Step 1 self-assessment through Steps 2 and 3 and examined whether age- and sex-specific normative IC values, previously established from professional evaluations, could identify people at risk of clinical events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 from real-world ICOPE implementation who completed Step 1 self-assessments using digital tools were enrolled. IC was calculated using two methods-'WHO Step 1 IC score' and 'visual analogue scale (VAS)-based IC score'-and percentiles were assigned based on IC norms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1 January 2020 and 21 January 2025, 6337 participants (median age 68 [64-73] years; 55.4% women) underwent Step 1 self-assessment. Their distribution of IC percentile groups, determined by both IC score methods, matched the expected ranges. Within 1 year, 161 participants (2.5% of 6337) proceeded to Steps 2-3, of whom 41.0% had baseline IC ≤ the 25th percentile. Having lower IC percentiles at Step 1 was associated with poor nutritional status and self-rated health. Most Step 3 referrals were for cognitive stimulation exercises and lifestyle advice. Among participants with follow-up data, two-thirds switched percentile groups, mostly moving to the nearest higher or lower group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older adults with self-evaluated IC ≤ the 25th percentile tended to require in-depth assessments and care management, supporting the use of IC norms to guide subsequent care.</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag112
Kevin O'Hara-Veintimilla, Salomón Páez-García, Jacobo Ramirez-Triana, Kiara Torres-Tello, Patrick Verhelst-Forero, Miguel German Borda Borda
{"title":"Safety and effectiveness of strategies to deprescribe chronic benzodiazepine receptor agonist use in older adults: a systematic review.","authors":"Kevin O'Hara-Veintimilla, Salomón Páez-García, Jacobo Ramirez-Triana, Kiara Torres-Tello, Patrick Verhelst-Forero, Miguel German Borda Borda","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRAs) remains common among adults aged 65 years and older, despite long-standing concerns regarding falls, cognitive impairment, functional decline and other adverse outcomes. Multiple strategies to support the deprescribing of BZRAs have been proposed; however, the safety and effectiveness of these deprescribing interventions in older adults have not been comprehensively synthesized across different intervention types.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To synthesize the available evidence on the safety and effectiveness of structured strategies to deprescribe chronic BZRA use in adults aged ≥65 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO were searched from database inception to September 2025. Randomized and nonrandomized studies evaluating structured BZRA-deprescribing interventions in older adults were included. Risk of bias was assessed using design-appropriate tools, and findings were synthesized narratively due to substantial heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty studies involving ~11 000 older adults were included. Interventions encompassed structured pharmacologic tapering, patient-directed educational strategies, clinician-led approaches and system-level interventions. Across strategies, deprescribing was generally safe, with withdrawal symptoms typically mild and transient and serious adverse events rare. Structured gradual tapering achieved the highest rates of discontinuation or dose reduction, while other approaches demonstrated more variable effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deprescribing chronic BZRA use in older adults is feasible and generally safe when implemented using structured, gradual and patient-centred approaches. Effectiveness varies by intervention type and context, supporting an individualized, evidence-informed approach to deprescribing in geriatric practice.</p><p><strong>Protocol registration: </strong>International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD420251186411.</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag120
Joanne Dollard, Agathe D Jadczak, Ian Halkett, Graeme Tucker, Mark Q Thompson, Sharanya Mahadavan, Jini Thomas, Lissy Oxford, John Muscedere, Renuka Visvanathan
{"title":"A hybrid type 1 trial of a digital behaviour change intervention for frailty prevention in community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older.","authors":"Joanne Dollard, Agathe D Jadczak, Ian Halkett, Graeme Tucker, Mark Q Thompson, Sharanya Mahadavan, Jini Thomas, Lissy Oxford, John Muscedere, Renuka Visvanathan","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag120","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ageing/afag120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This hybrid type 1 randomised controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness and implementation of a digital behaviour change intervention (DBCI) designed to empower older adults (60+) who are nonfrail and community-dwelling to adopt activity, vaccination, optimising medication, interaction and socialisation, diet and nutrition (AVOID) behaviours to prevent frailty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty adults, from one South Australian local council, were randomised to receive the DBCI (n = 31) or wait (control; n = 29) for 6 months to receive limited DBCI access. Repeated-measures mixed models were used to assess between-group differences in changes in the primary outcome, the frailty index (FI), and the secondary outcome, quality-of-life (QoL; EQ-5D-5L) scores, from baseline to 6 months. Content analysis of survey and focus group data from the intervention group assessed technology acceptance, perceived knowledge and behaviour change. DBCI behaviour change techniques included baseline health and three-month behaviour change reports, education, a library of community resources, goal-setting and action planning and gamification and nudging. Participants in the intervention group received newsletters and were invited to face-to-face expert talks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age was 75.4 years, and 63.3% of participants were female. In the intervention group, the mean FI score decreased from 0.135 (SD 0.053) to 0.115 (SD 0.071) over 6 months, while in the control group it increased from 0.134 (SD 0.048) to 0.160 (SD 0.087). The intervention group had a mean FI change of -0.044 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.076 to -0.012] and a mean QoL change of 0.032 (95% CI 0.016 to 0.058) compared with the control group. Qualitative feedback indicated that the DBCI was acceptable, improved knowledge and supported behaviour change across AVOID behaviours.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A DBCI promoting the adoption of AVOID behaviours among nonfrail, community-dwelling older people is effective in preventing frailty and improving QoL when implemented. Solving technical barriers and incorporating intelligent technologies could enhance impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag083
Xuefei Li, Ahmed Alameen, Raja Alagaili, Jebril Gebril, Maya Abi Chahine, Aidan Timlin, Aja Louise Murray
{"title":"Psychometric validation of the Arabic WHO Ageism Experiences Scale in Libya: evidence from a humanitarian context.","authors":"Xuefei Li, Ahmed Alameen, Raja Alagaili, Jebril Gebril, Maya Abi Chahine, Aidan Timlin, Aja Louise Murray","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag083","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ageing/afag083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ageism against older adults is associated with a range of negative consequences, including poorer health and well-being outcomes. However, systematic reviews have identified that there is a lack of well-validated measures that capture ageism according to contemporary ageism definitions and that can be used to illuminate ageism experiences across the world. To address this gap, the WHO Ageism Experiences Scale was developed; however, to date it has not been validated in Arabic and there is limited knowledge about its functioning in humanitarian settings, where issues related to ageism may be exacerbated. The present study, therefore, conducted the first psychometric evaluation of the new Arabic translation of the scale in Libya, including participants who were directly affected by the recent devastating floods. As relevant, results supported the factorial validity, internal consistency reliability, convergent validity and concurrent validity of the subscale scores, including in participants affected by the floods. This suggests that the Arabic version of the scale can be recommended for use by researchers to advance the evidence base on how ageism and its consequences may be exacerbated in humanitarian settings, and by humanitarian organisations and policymakers to inform postdisaster needs assessments and programme evaluations in Arabic-speaking and humanitarian contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag122
Junjie Ren, Juan Qiu, Jialu Cai, Yintong Li, Limin Huang, Xiaoming Li
{"title":"Effectiveness of digital health interventions in reducing loneliness among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Junjie Ren, Juan Qiu, Jialu Cai, Yintong Li, Limin Huang, Xiaoming Li","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Loneliness affects 12% of older adults globally, with concerns exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. While digital health interventions (DHIs) show promise, evidence of their effectiveness remains mixed.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Embase databases (2010-25). Inclusion criteria were adults aged 60 years, with loneliness as the primary or secondary outcome. Study quality was assessed using GRADE and Cochrane risk of bias tools. Subgroup analyses explored intervention type, measurement scales, national development level, pandemic timing and some secondary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen studies (n = 2423) showed DHIs significantly reduced loneliness scores (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.39, 95% CI -0.77 to -0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed significant reductions for social cognitive training (SMD = -0.82, 95% CI -1.47 to -0.16). Greater effectiveness was observed in developed countries (SMD = -0.30, 95% CI: -0.51 to -0.09) and during the pandemic period (SMD = -0.54, 95% CI: -1.03 to -0.06). DHIs also improved mental health (SMD = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.12 to 1.84) and marginally reduced depressive symptoms (SMD = -0.73, 95% CI: -1.45 to 0.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DHIs show promise in reducing loneliness scores among older adults, particularly through cognitive-focused interventions in supportive digital environments. However, the overall effect is modest and highly heterogeneous, with benefits that appear context-dependent and short-lived. Future research should prioritise standardised measurement, diverse populations and long-term follow-up to optimise DHI design.</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag134
{"title":"Correction to: Using scores from the 4AT delirium detection tool as an indicator of possible dementia: a study of 75 221 older adult hospital admissions.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag134","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ageing/afag134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag117
Hazan Jemma, Mitchell Mealing, Fabiana Lorencatto, Penny Rapaport, Ashvini Keshavan, Jonathan M Schott, Joanne Rodda, Robert Howard
{"title":"Factors influencing implementation of an Alzheimer's disease blood test among UK old age psychiatrists: mixed-methods study using the theoretical domains framework.","authors":"Hazan Jemma, Mitchell Mealing, Fabiana Lorencatto, Penny Rapaport, Ashvini Keshavan, Jonathan M Schott, Joanne Rodda, Robert Howard","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ageing/afag117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Only 6% of UK memory services meet Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker access guidelines, limiting psychiatrists' experience. Emerging AD blood biomarker (BBM) tests will potentially expand access. Exploring implementation barriers and enablers a priori can inform rollout strategies. This study examined current clinical practises, barriers and enablers to implementation and potential interventions to support implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In November 2024, Royal College of Psychiatrists Old Age Psychiatry Faculty members (n = 172) participated in an online survey and four focus groups (n = 16 participants), informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Behaviour Change Wheel. Demographic data were summarised descriptively. Mean (SD) belief statement scores for TDF domains and percentage agreement were calculated. Multiple linear regression examined associations between TDF domains and intention to use BBMs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents were mainly consultants in England; <33% had used biomarkers. Key barriers to use were: 'Knowledge,' 'Environmental Context and Resources' and 'Goals.' Enablers included: 'Behavioural Regulation,' 'Social Influences' and 'Intention.' Mixed enablers/barriers included: 'Beliefs about Consequences', 'Optimism' and 'Social/Professional Role & Identity'. In regression analyses, 'Memory, Attention and Decision Processes' (B = 0.44, 95%CI 0.20-0.68), 'Beliefs about Consequences'(B = 0.45, 95%CI 0.11-0.78), and 'Social Influences' (B = 0.24, 95%CI 0.04-0.44) were positively associated with intention, while 'Optimism' (B = -0.31,95% CI-0.58 to-0.04) and 'Emotion' (B = -0.33, 95%CI -0.60 to-0.06) were negatively associated. Key interventions were 'Guidelines' (e.g. appropriate use criteria) and 'Environmental Restructuring' to expand resources and re-organise pathways.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>A complex interplay of barriers and enablers influences AD BBM implementation. Interventions targeting clinician, service and policy levels are required to support their introduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Age and ageingPub Date : 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afag121
Bingna Zhou, Yi Zhang, Wei Yu, Lei Sun, Yanye Wang, Yan Jiang, Ou Wang, Xiaoping Xing, Weibo Xia, Jia Zhang, Weigang Yan, Mei Li
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of denosumab, zoledronic acid and alendronate on bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in men with osteoporosis.","authors":"Bingna Zhou, Yi Zhang, Wei Yu, Lei Sun, Yanye Wang, Yan Jiang, Ou Wang, Xiaoping Xing, Weibo Xia, Jia Zhang, Weigang Yan, Mei Li","doi":"10.1093/ageing/afag121","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ageing/afag121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Osteoporosis in men is a common but often neglected health problem. We aim to compare the efficacy and safety of denosumab, zoledronic acid and alendronate in men with osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized, comparative, open-label study, 390 men with osteoporosis or osteopenia were included. They were randomized to receive the treatment of denosumab, alendronate, or zoledronic acid for 12 months. The percentage changes in bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS) and bone turnover biomarkers (BTMs) during the treatment were evaluated. Safety parameters were observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline characteristics were well balanced among the three groups. After 12 months of treatment, denosumab, alendronate and zoledronic acid significantly increased BMD by 4.83 ± 0.89%, 4.32 ± 0.77%, 5.18 ± 0.73% at lumbar spine, by 2.75 ± 0.51%, 2.50 ± 0.61% and 2.83 ± 0.59% at total hip, TBS was significantly increased by 2.44 ± 0.52%, 2.00 ± 0.64%, 2.29 ± 0.55%, respectively, without significant differences among the three groups. Serum levels of BTMs decreased significantly and similarly in all three groups (all P < .05 vs. baseline). Denosumab and alendronate group had fewer adverse events than zoledronic acid group. Denosumab had similar efficacy in patients with different gonadal functions. In patients previously receiving bone resorption inhibitors, denosumab continued to increase BMD and TBS, but the increments were reduced by approximately 30% in BMD at lumbar spine compared with treatment-naive patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Denosumab, alendronate and zoledronic acid significantly and similarly reduced BTMs, increased BMD and TBS in men with osteoporosis, whether the gonadal function of patients was normal or decreased. Previous anti-bone resorption therapy may partially diminish the efficacy of denosumab.</p>","PeriodicalId":7682,"journal":{"name":"Age and ageing","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}