Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

X F Csar, J R Underwood, L C Zanon, M T Hearn

{"title":"Monoclonal antibody to a Thy-1 related/associated molecule identifies a subpopulation of immature mouse thymocytes.","authors":"X F Csar, J R Underwood, L C Zanon, M T Hearn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, NMT-1 mAbs have been shown to identify a thymocyte cell surface molecule (Immature Thymocyte Marker-1, ITM-1) expressed on 86.2 to 90.8% of CD4+CD8+CD3-/lo/int cells within the thymus of Balb/c, CBA, C57B1/6, 129 Rej, A/J and AKR mice. Similarly, immunoprecipitation analysis of cell membrane extracts from 125Iodine-labelled thymocytes, using NMT-1mAbs, identified 14.5 and 18.3 kDa molecules from all strains of mice examined. Comparison of these immunoprecipitation profiles with those produced by rat IgG2b anti-Thy-1 antibodies indicated that NMT-1 mAbs recognized a subspecies of the Thy-1 molecule. Unlike the Thy-1 molecule, the expression of ITM-1 molecules in Balb/c, CBA, C57B1/6, 129Rej, A/J and AKR strains of mice was restricted to the thymus. The ITM-1 molecule was not expressed on lymphoid cells within the spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, peritoneal cavity and peripheral blood in these strains. Phenotypic characterization associated the expression of ITM-1 molecule with the CD4+CD8+CD3-/lo/int thymocyte subpopulation indicating that NMT-1 mAbs recognize an epitope on a distinct developmentally-related Thy-1 glycoform. The expression of the ITM-1 molecule on differentiating thymocytes may prove useful in further subdividing immature thymic subpopulations, particularly those implicated in positive and negative selection.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"22 3","pages":"125-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18937163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cloning of a cDNA coding for the acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit from a thymoma associated with myasthenia [correction of myastenia] gravis. 重症肌无力相关胸腺瘤乙酰胆碱受体α亚基cDNA的克隆。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

S Gattenlöhner, T Brabletz, A Schultz, A Marx, H K Müller-Hermelink, T Kirchner

引用次数: 0

Effects of FK506 on surface antigen expression by regenerating thymocytes after sublethal irradiation in the rat. FK506对亚致死照射后再生胸腺细胞表面抗原表达的影响。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

M Konishi, K Takai, K Jojima, Y Fujikura, K Naito, T Fukumoto

{"title":"Effects of FK506 on surface antigen expression by regenerating thymocytes after sublethal irradiation in the rat.","authors":"M Konishi, K Takai, K Jojima, Y Fujikura, K Naito, T Fukumoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the effects of FK506 on the intrathymic maturation of T cells, we analyzed changes in surface antigen expression by regenerating thymocytes after sublethal irradiation. Two-color flow cytofluorometric analysis of the regenerating thymocytes revealed that FK506 had few effects on the maturation of rat thymocytes from CD4-8- to CD4+8+, and from TCR alpha beta- MHC class I- to TCR alpha beta low MHC class I+ (TCR alpha beta, alpha and beta chains of the T cell antigen receptor). However, defects in the maturation of CD4+8+ cells to CD4+8- cells and of TCR alpha beta low MHC class I+ cells to TCR alpha beta high MHC class I+ cells were observed after FK506 administration. Furthermore, three-color analysis also detected a maturational defect of CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta high cells. Immunohistochemical analysis using MoAbs specific for MHC and TCR alpha beta revealed marked atrophy of the thymus medulla, suggesting disturbances in thymocyte regeneration and maturation. These results suggest that the maturation of CD4-8- TCR alpha beta- MHC class I- cells to CD4+8+ TCR alpha beta low MHC class I+ cells may be FK506 resistant, whereas FK506 may interfere with the maturation of CD4+8+ TCR alpha beta low MHC class I+ thymocytes not only to CD4+8- TCR alpha beta high MHC class I+ cells but also to CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta high MHC class I+ cells. We also demonstrated the possibility of enrichment of CD4-8- cells after sublethal irradiation and the existence of small subpopulations of CD4+8- TCR alpha beta- and CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta- cells which might mature to CD4+8+ cells in rat thymus.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"23 1","pages":"53-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18539667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction of tumour cells with cultured stromal cells from human bone marrow. 肿瘤细胞与培养的人骨髓基质细胞的相互作用。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

P Joling, L H Rademakers, M A Verdaasdonk, D Zimmermann, D C Spierings, N Werner, R A de Weger, J C van den Tweel

引用次数: 0

Effects of cytokines on HIV-1 production by thymocytes. 细胞因子对胸腺细胞产生HIV-1的影响。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

C H Uittenbogaart, D J Anisman, J A Zack, A Economides, I Schmid, E F Hays

{"title":"Effects of cytokines on HIV-1 production by thymocytes.","authors":"C H Uittenbogaart, D J Anisman, J A Zack, A Economides, I Schmid, E F Hays","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The thymus is essential for normal T cell development and is particularly active during fetal and postnatal life. Here we describe in vitro studies of HIV-infected thymocytes cultured with cytokines normally produced in the thymus. Virus expression was determined by measuring p24 antigen levels in the culture supernatants. Addition of IL-2+IL-4 and IL-4+IL-7 to the HIV-infected cultures of both fetal and postnatal thymocytes resulted in various levels of synergistic expression of p24 antigen. When differences in phenotype between HIV-infected and non-infected (sham-treated) cultures from the same specimen were evaluated, there was a decrease in the percentages and absolute numbers of CD4-bearing cells in HIV-infected thymocytes cultured with IL-2+IL-4. Studies were done to determine if synergy in HIV expression was mediated by activation, proliferation or induction or suppression of other cytokines. We found a higher percentage of activated CD4+CD8+/high cells in thymocytes cultured with IL-2+IL-4 and IL-4+IL-7 than in thymocytes cultured with IL-2+IL-7. Proliferation was higher in thymocytes cultured with cytokine combinations but did not correlate with those conditions showing synergy. IL-4 reduced IFN-gamma production by thymocytes cultured with IL-2 in both HIV-infected and non-infected thymocytes. In addition, exogenous IFN-gamma decreased p24 expression by HIV-infected thymocytes when cultured with IL-4 alone, with IL-2+IL-4 or IL-4+IL-7. These results suggest that suppression of IFN-gamma by IL-4 may combine with cell activation and proliferation to produce synergy of virus expression observed with IL-2+IL-4 and IL-4+IL-7.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"23 3-4","pages":"155-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19505909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thymocyte and T cell apoptosis: is all death created equal? 胸腺细胞和T细胞凋亡:所有的死亡都是平等的吗?

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

L B King, J D Ashwell

引用次数: 0

Characterization of TNF receptors on human thymocytes. 人胸腺细胞TNF受体的表征。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

M Murphy, L Pike-Nobile, V W Soo, L B Epstein

{"title":"Characterization of TNF receptors on human thymocytes.","authors":"M Murphy, L Pike-Nobile, V W Soo, L B Epstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Although tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is constitutively expressed in human and mouse thymus, the effects of TNF on thymocyte proliferation, differentiation and survival suggest that its influence in the thymus is complex. To determine if this complexity results from changes in the expression of the two TNF receptors during thymocyte differentiation, we examined the expression of the 55 kDa TNF receptor (TNF-R1) and the 75 kDa TNF receptor (TNF-R2) on postnatal human thymocytes. Both TNF-R1 and TNF-R2 mRNA were found in resting human thymocytes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using mAb which specifically react with the respective TNF receptors and a highly sensitive, three-step method of immunofluorescence, cell surface TNF-R1 was detected on the vast majority of thymocytes. In contrast, detectable cell surface TNF-R2 was present on a mean of only 12.9% of thymocytes. TNF conjugated to phycoerythrin (TNF-PE) also reacted with a small population of thymocytes and was found to specifically block binding of the TNF-R2 mAb and not the TNF-R1 mAb, implicating preferential binding of TNF-PE to TNF-R2. Using dual-color immunofluorescence with TNF-PE we found that the population of cells which express TNF-R2 also express high levels of the TCR alpha, beta-CD3 complex, CD4 or CD8, and IL-2 receptor alpha chain. Thus, immature (TCRneg/low) thymocytes express TNF-R1 while mature (TCRhigh) thymocytes can also express TNF-R2. This differential expression of TNF receptors provides a mechanism for distinct effects of TNF on immature vs. mature thymocytes.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"23 3-4","pages":"177-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19506493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel culture system for induction of T cell development: modification of fetal thymus organ culture. 一种诱导T细胞发育的新型培养系统:修饰胎儿胸腺器官培养。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

Y M Dou, Y Watanabe, Y Aiba, K Wada, Y Katsura

{"title":"A novel culture system for induction of T cell development: modification of fetal thymus organ culture.","authors":"Y M Dou, Y Watanabe, Y Aiba, K Wada, Y Katsura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We have previously found that the development of T cells predominantly of the T cell receptor alpha beta T cell lineage, which is comparable to that in the organ culture (OC) of fetal thymus at the air-medium border (AMB), could be induced in submersion OC of murine fetal thymus if the cultivation was performed in an environment containing O2 at 60-80%. This culture method is named high oxygen submersion (HOS)-OC. In the present work, we established a culture system where T cell development can be induced from thymic as well as fetal liver progenitors by cocultivating them in a 96-well U-bottom plate with a deoxyguanosine (dGuo)-treated fetal thymus lobe under HOS conditions. Differentiation and growth of T cells in this culture system were comparable to those seen in the previously devised micro i.t. system, where progenitor cells were injected with a microinjector into dGuo-treated lobes and were cultured under AMB conditions. A similar level of T cell development was induced by cocultivating such progenitors with small fragments of thymus lobes under HOS conditions. Moreover, it was possible to induce T cell development by culturing fetal thymus cells with thymic stromal cells prepared by treating dGuo-treated lobes with trypsin plus EDTA in a V-bottom plate under HOS conditions.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"23 3-4","pages":"195-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19505911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation, cultivation and phenotypic characterization of rat thymic dendritic cells. 大鼠胸腺树突状细胞的分离、培养及表型表征。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

V Ilić, M Colić, D Kosec

{"title":"Isolation, cultivation and phenotypic characterization of rat thymic dendritic cells.","authors":"V Ilić, M Colić, D Kosec","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Rat thymic dendritic cells (TDC) were isolated from thymic cell suspension by Nycodenz gradients of different densities and osmolarities. After cultivation of these cells for 3 days in the conditioned medium (TE-R 2.5 + HT supernatant) prepared by cocultivation of a medullary thymic epithelial cell line (TE-R 2.5) and hydrocortisone resistant thymocytes, the purity (75-85%) and survival of TDC significantly increased. The supernatant contained moderate activities of IL-1 and IL-6, low levels of TNF-alpha and IL-2 and factor(s) that strongly stimulated the proliferation of a mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. TDC survival in culture was significantly increased by GM-CSF and decreased by IL-6 and IFN-gamma. The phenotype of TDC was studied by flow cytometry using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to rat cell surface markers. It was found that almost all freshly isolated TDC expressed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules as well as CD45. Most TDC were LFA-1 (CD11a)+, CD18+, ICAM-1 (CD54)+ and CD53 (OX- 44)+, but only certain subsets expressed CD11b and thymocyte markers Thy1, CD2, CD4 and CD8. Upregulation in the expression of almost all the markers was observed after cultivation of TDC. In addition, cultivated, but not freshly isolated TDC expressed CD25 (IL-2R alpha) and CD45RC (OX-22) molecules. Cultivated TDC had strong accessory function in autologous thymocyte proliferation.","PeriodicalId":76738,"journal":{"name":"Thymus","volume":"24 1","pages":"9-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19607636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An adhesion-promoting anti-rat CD18 monoclonal antibody differentially alters thymocyte responses to various mitogens. 一种促进黏附的抗大鼠CD18单克隆抗体不同地改变胸腺细胞对各种有丝分裂原的反应。

Thymus Pub Date : 1994-01-01

M D Pavlović, M Colić, T Tamatani, M Miyasaka, A Dujić

引用次数: 0

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