The Maryland nurse最新文献_第2页

The Maryland nurse Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.13060/00380288.1999.35.12.08

V. Kuchařová

{"title":"Women and employment.","authors":"V. Kuchařová","doi":"10.13060/00380288.1999.35.12.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13060/00380288.1999.35.12.08","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is based on the results of the research project “The Status of Women and Men in the Czech Republic” from 1998. It was inspired by the need to obtain information on the circumstances of enforcement of EU legislation on equal opportunities in the Czech Republic in connection with the Czech Republic’s application for EU membership. The project aimed to investigate the public perception and consciousness of equal opportunities. Therefore, it deals with the main issues of the EU directives and recommendations: equal pay, equal treatment as regards access to employment, promotion and vocational training, legal knowledge concerning employment and so on. Reconciling family and working life is the crucial problem in the Czech Republic, as in other countries. It can be understood as a result of both modernisation and the special national situation that has resulted from the social and economic transition. The paper compares conditions of women’s employment with their professional expectations and satisfaction. It shows the social determination of these, and some stereotypes in understanding men’s and women’s roles. These facts influence women’s position on the labour market in various aspects. Czech Sociological Review, 1999, Vol. 7 (No. 2: 179-194) Employment is not merely a source of income and of personal satisfaction, but also an important field for the formation of social relations between individuals and one of the factors that determines social status [Cermakova 1995: 12, Sanderova 1998: 149]. Work has a somewhat different role in the life of women than of men, even if the basic selfrealisation (to use one’s abilities, to be independent, to share in a joint project, to do something useful) and instrumental (to earn a living or to be financially independent) needs are more or less common to both genders. The basic difference lies in the place that a person’s profession and work holds both in determining the social status of women in comparison with men, and in confrontation with women’s other roles and aspiration, primarily in the family. The need (or necessity) of women to be part of the public work sphere is shown by their continuing high level of employment in the post-communist countries and the rising level of female employment in western countries.1 The actual situation may differ according to its origins and development (e.g. the structure of female employment, the specific level of employment by age and marital status, the percentage of women in part-time employment). In balancing their maternal (partnership) and professional roles, a steadily increasing number of women (mostly young and well-qualified) are placing greater importance on the latter. This can be explained by the rising professional ambitions of in*) Direct all correspondence to: PhDr. Věra Kuchařova, CSc., Research Institute of Labour and Social Affairs, Palackeho naměsti 4, 128 01 Praha 2, fax +420 2 24 97 28 73, e-mail rilsa@ecn.cz 1) In EU countries women made up ","PeriodicalId":76694,"journal":{"name":"The Maryland nurse","volume":"30 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66169865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}