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Laboratory-based evaluation of the protection provided against cold water by two helicopter passenger suits. 以实验室为基础的两套直升机乘客服对冷水防护的评估。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.4.161
M J Tipton
{"title":"Laboratory-based evaluation of the protection provided against cold water by two helicopter passenger suits.","authors":"M J Tipton","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.4.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.4.161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The thermal protection provided by two helicopter passenger immersion suits was evaluated. Suit A was a standard 'dry' suit and suit B was a 'dry' suit with inherent insulation provided by inflation of the outer shell of the suit. During four hour immersions in water at 4 degrees C with simulated rain, wind and waves, suit B provided significantly (p less than 0.01) better protection against the long-term effects of immersion than suit A. The skin and core temperature of subjects fell at slower rates over the immersion period when they wore suit B, they shivered less, had lower heart rates and were more comfortable in this suit. The problems of testing and selecting appropriate immersion suits are discussed and it is concluded that tests of immersion suits should be as realistic as possible and, when this is so, 'dry' suits with inherent insulation which is unaffected by leakage are likely to perform better in cold water than those without such insulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 4","pages":"161-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.4.161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12942149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
The cardiovascular perfusionist as a model for the successful technologist in high stress situations. 心血管灌注师是高压力环境下成功技术人员的典范。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.4.151
P J Friday, W J Mook
{"title":"The cardiovascular perfusionist as a model for the successful technologist in high stress situations.","authors":"P J Friday,&nbsp;W J Mook","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.4.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.4.151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the psychological profiles of highly stressed medical technologists. One hundred and four individuals representing a cross-section of the United States who function as operators of heart-lung machines during open heart surgery (perfusionists) were studied using both internal and external models based on the works of Eric Berne and Karen Horney. Daily exposure to life and death responsibilities combined with the constant pressures of maintaining current technical skills can make the profession selected for this study representative of high technology professions that require a great deal of coping. Results of this study indicate that there is a balanced psychological profile in successful technologists functioning in long-term, high-stressed occupations. Female perfusionists appear to be more aggressive and critical than their male counterparts. This is seen as an attempt by female perfusionists to compensate for what has historically been a male dominanted, highly technical and high-stressed occupation. Generalizations for candidate selections to high stressed occupations could be made as well as projections of foundations for possible progressive disillusionment (burn out).</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 4","pages":"151-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.4.151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12942145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Occupational health management of police officers involved in the Piper Alpha disaster. 参与Piper Alpha灾难的警察的职业健康管理。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.4.174
D E Fraser
{"title":"Occupational health management of police officers involved in the Piper Alpha disaster.","authors":"D E Fraser","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.4.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.4.174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Occupational Health Management of Police Officers involved in the Piper Alpha Incident is described with reference to the factors likely to cause either physical or psychological distress and the measures taken to overcome these. Once the enormity of the Piper Alpha Disaster became apparent with the realization that the recovery of the bodies would extend over a period of months, the problems of maintaining the physical and mental health of the Police Officers involved assumed prime importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 4","pages":"174-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.4.174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12942154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Sickness absence and control of insulin-treated diabetes as assessed by glycosylated haemoglobin. 糖化血红蛋白评估胰岛素治疗糖尿病的疾病消失和控制。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.3.119
E R Waclawski
{"title":"Sickness absence and control of insulin-treated diabetes as assessed by glycosylated haemoglobin.","authors":"E R Waclawski","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.3.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.3.119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sickness absence records for 1986 were obtained for 63 employed insulin-treated diabetic patients who had glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) measurements during that year. One subject whose absence was associated with attempts to improve control because of pregnancy was excluded from the analysis. Fifteen had good control (HbA1 8.5 per cent or less) and 47 had poor control (HbA1 greater than 8.5%). The groups were similar for age, sex, duration of diabetes and occupation. The distribution of sickness absence showed greater frequency of absence (p less than 0.05), greater number of working days lost (p less than 0.02), and greater average duration of absence (p less than 0.04) among those diabetic workers with poor control compared to those with good control. Because some individuals with poor control had no absence, HbA1 measurement cannot be recommended on its own to identify those workers who will be absent from work. Its use may lie in indicating a level below which sickness absence is minimized.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 3","pages":"119-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.3.119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13079864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Screening for coronary risk factors in occupational health practice. 职业卫生实践中冠状动脉危险因素的筛查
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.3.126
S P Deacon
{"title":"Screening for coronary risk factors in occupational health practice.","authors":"S P Deacon","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.3.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.3.126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Screening for coronary risk factors (blood cholesterol greater than 5.2 mmol/l; body mass index greater than 25; blood pressure greater than 140/90 and positive smoking history) using nurse administered voluntary health assessments was studied in occupational health practice. A high employee participation rate (80.9 per cent) was achieved with few employees declining to attend, confirming the advantages of workplace based screening. Hypercholesterolaemia, overweight and smoking were the most prevalent risk factors. Men had higher rates than women as judged by independent or concomitant risk factor rates; 56.5 per cent of men were over ideal body weight, 40 per cent of men smoked, 35.7 per cent of men had two risk factors and 2 per cent of men had four risk factors. Blood cholesterol and blood pressure were shown to increase with increasing body weight. It is suggested that body weight reduction and smoking cessation are the preferred intervention strategies in occupational health practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 3","pages":"126-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.3.126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13079866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Environmental and biological monitoring of workers exposed to inorganic lead. 接触无机铅工人的环境和生物监测。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.3.107
J De Medinilla, M Espigares
{"title":"Environmental and biological monitoring of workers exposed to inorganic lead.","authors":"J De Medinilla,&nbsp;M Espigares","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.3.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.3.107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 20 workers who were exposed to inorganic lead in two local firms (M and N) were studied. Lead concentrations in the air (PbA) at firm M exceeded the threshold limit value (TLV) of 0.150 mg/m3 established by Spanish and EC legislation, while atmospheric lead at firm N exceeded the action level of 0.075 mg/m3. In the same population, biological exposure indices (BEI) were also determined; these included lead in whole blood (PbB), erythrocyte activity of aminolevulinic acid (ALA-D), urinary excretion of aminolevulinic acid (ALA-U) and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP). The relationship between the exposure parameters (PbA, PbB) and the biological activity indices (ALA-D, ALA-U, ZPP) were analysed statistically in order to obtain levels of significance, coefficients of correlation and regression equations. The high coefficients of correlation found confirm the usefulness of BEI in evaluating exposure to lead fumes and lead dust.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 3","pages":"107-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.3.107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13081466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Medical problems in off-shore oil drilling in Nigeria. 尼日利亚海上石油钻探的医疗问题。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.2.77
O Onuba
{"title":"Medical problems in off-shore oil drilling in Nigeria.","authors":"O Onuba","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.2.77","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper discusses the surgical and medical problems affecting off-shore oil drilling workers in the south-eastern Atlantic coastline of the Nigerian territorial waters; about 50-60 kilometers from land. There were a total of 1300 attendances at the off-shore clinic within 12 months, ie 3.6 daily for a workforce of 110, were successfully managed by 2 well-trained industrial staff nurses who were supervised by an experienced base doctor on-shore. Although, most of the patients were treated for minor medical and surgical conditions such as headaches, malaria, cuts and bruises, a few acute emergencies arose which had to be taken on-shore by helicopters, for subsequent management. Four accidental deaths occurred during the period, one of them was clearly preventable but there were no major disasters. This demonstrated the effectiveness and significant role which well-trained nurses can play in industrial health.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 2","pages":"77-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.2.77","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13207628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Viewpoint '91. Health for all in Europe: challenge for health at work. 观点的91。欧洲人人享有卫生保健:工作场所卫生的挑战。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.2.53
J E Asvall
{"title":"Viewpoint '91. Health for all in Europe: challenge for health at work.","authors":"J E Asvall","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.2.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 2","pages":"53-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.2.53","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13207738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Tympanic membrane injury in welders: is prevention neglected? 焊工鼓膜损伤:预防被忽视了吗?
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.2.86
E W Fisher, Q Gardiner
{"title":"Tympanic membrane injury in welders: is prevention neglected?","authors":"E W Fisher,&nbsp;Q Gardiner","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.2.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.2.86","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injury to the ear in welders is a recognized but poorly documented entity. Five cases are described to demonstrate a spectrum of severity of injury, ranging from minor burns to tympanic membrane perforation requiring myringoplasty. Welders are most at risk when working overhead, in cramped conditions or adjacent to other welders. Conventional safety helmets offer inadequate protection to the ears and it is recommended that insert ear plugs should be offered to all workers at risk, in addition to safer working practices. An increased awareness of these risks among occupational physicians, welders and employers is required before these recommendations can realistically be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 2","pages":"86-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.2.86","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13207631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Accidents in the workplace. 工作场所的事故。
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/41.2.73
C Harker, A B Matheson, J A Ross, A Seaton
{"title":"Accidents in the workplace.","authors":"C Harker,&nbsp;A B Matheson,&nbsp;J A Ross,&nbsp;A Seaton","doi":"10.1093/occmed/41.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/41.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A prospective survey of patients attending the central Accident and Emergency Department and Eye Casualty Department in Aberdeen was made to determine the contribution of accidents at work to the workload of the departments and to estimate risks of injury in different industrial sectors. Work-related injuries accounted for 16.5 per cent of new patients attending the general accident department and 21.7 per cent of those attending eye casualty. Analysis by industrial sector led to estimates that almost one in 10 workers employed in manufacturing industries and in agriculture/forestry/fishing will attend casualty in the course of a year for a work-related injury. The relatively low-risk service sector, because of the large numbers of people employed, contributed the greatest number of individuals with work-related injuries. Two industries had very high rates of specific and preventable injuries--food and fish processing with an estimated 17 knife lacerations per 1000 per annum and mechanical engineering with 60 eye injuries per 1000 per annum. We give reasons for believing that our estimates of risk in the different industrial sectors are conservative.</p>","PeriodicalId":76684,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine","volume":"41 2","pages":"73-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/occmed/41.2.73","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13207745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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