{"title":"Oral health finance and expenditure in South Africa.","authors":"L C Naidoo, L X Stephen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this paper was to examine the cost of oral health in South Africa over the past decade Particular emphasis was placed on the contribution made by medical schemes which is the main source of private health care funding. Some of the problems facing this huge industry were also briefly explored. Primary aggregate data on oral health expenditure were obtained from the Department of Health, Pretoria and from the offices of the Registrar of Medical Schemes, Pretoria. The results show that in 1994, 4.7 per cent of the total health care budget was allocated to oral health. Of this amount, 14.2 per cent came from the state, 71.9 per cent from medical schemes and the remainder calculated to be from direct out-of-pocket payments. Furthermore, real expenditure for oral health by medical schemes grew robustly and almost continuously from 1984 through to 1994, generally outstripping medical inflation.</p>","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 12","pages":"727-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A simple method for the determination of sex from the pulp of freshly extracted human teeth utilizing the polymerase chain reaction.","authors":"U Pillay, B Kramer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to amplify a region of the ZFX and ZFY genes from DNA in human blood and other tissues, for determination of the sex of an individual. In the present study DNA was extracted from the pulp of 21 male and 24 female fresh human third molar teeth. A region of the ZFX and ZFY genes was amplified by PCR and analysed by digestion of the amplified DNA with HaeIII restriction endonuclease. The digested PCR products were run on a 2 per cent agarose gel. Males were distinguished from females by having a fragment of 317 base pairs which was absent in females. Identification of the sex of the individual was 100 per cent accurate in each case. A blind study of random samples of the same teeth, used to assess the reproducibility of the technique evoked an identical result. This method provides an accurate alternative to skeletal measurements and histological staining techniques for the sexing of individuals from small amounts of DNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 11","pages":"673-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Promoting oral health in South Africa: public perceptions of water fluoridation.","authors":"U M Chikte","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public knowledge of water fluoridation (WF), sources of information, purpose of WF and the level of support for the implementation of WF was assessed in South Africa. Of the 2229 respondents interviewed, 23 per cent had heard or read about WF. Almost a third said they obtained their information from schools or community networks while 60 per cent mentioned either radio, newspapers/magazines, or television. About 25 per cent correctly recognized the protection of teeth as the purpose of fluoridation, while two-fifths believed the purpose of WF is to purify water. More than sixty per cent of respondents were in favour of WF, with almost a quarter of the sample feeling uncertain. This study demonstrates that a considerable amount of educational and political action is required for water fluoridation to be implemented in South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 11","pages":"665-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transverse root fracture and its treatment.","authors":"D Koton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 11","pages":"695-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The equitable distribution of the scarce resources of medical aid schemes: viewpoint of the dental profession.","authors":"J T Barnard","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 11","pages":"652-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Micro fracture--efficient diagnosis.","authors":"K le Roux","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 11","pages":"698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of the general dental practitioner in criminal investigations and victim identification.","authors":"W A Ueckermann, P J van Niekerk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 11","pages":"691-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia and its management--a literature review.","authors":"P J Botha","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 11","pages":"659-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20509255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From SA to UK: a profile of South African qualified dentists registered with the General Dental Council.","authors":"W S Holtshousen, P J van Wyk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the past five years, the media were inundated with reports of professional people leaving the country. A number of the emigrants were dentists who went to the United Kingdom to practise their profession. The purpose of this study was to gather data on South African qualified dentists registered with the General Dental Council (GDC) in the United Kingdom and to provide baseline information on this group of health professionals. The results of the study showed a steady increase in the number of South African qualified dentists registered with the GDC in the period 1990 to 1995. Attrition of South African qualified dentists is, however, not entirely due to emigration to the United Kingdom.</p>","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 10","pages":"593-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20388358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What are you doing about child abuse?","authors":"S Naidoo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Prevention of Family Violence Act, No 33 of 1993, Section 4 read with section 6, makes it an offence for any person who examines, treats, attends to, advises, instructs or cares for any child not to report any suspicion of abuse to a police official, social worker or Commissioner of Child Welfare. If found guilty, the sentence is a fine, or imprisonment up to three months. In terms of Section 42 of the Child Care Act No 74 of 1983, a dentist, medical practitioner, nurse or social worker who deals with a child, commits an offence if suspected child abuse is not reported to the Director General, Welfare or any officer designated by the latter. If found guilty, the sentence is a R4 000 fine or imprisonment for one year.</p>","PeriodicalId":76669,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of the Dental Association of South Africa = Die Tydskrif van die Tandheelkundige Vereniging van Suid-Afrika","volume":"52 10","pages":"630-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20388362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}