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The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law最新文献

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Using science to influence the Supreme Court on the right to refuse treatment: amicus curiae briefs in Washington v. Harper. 利用科学影响最高法院拒绝治疗的权利:华盛顿诉哈珀案的法庭之友简报。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
H I Schwartz, R Boland
{"title":"Using science to influence the Supreme Court on the right to refuse treatment: amicus curiae briefs in Washington v. Harper.","authors":"H I Schwartz,&nbsp;R Boland","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Supreme Court's use of empirical behavioral science data has grown dramatically in the 40 years since Brown v. Board of Education. Most of these data are submitted in amicus curiae (friend of the court) briefs submitted by parties with an interest in the outcome of the significant mental health law cases coming before the court. The increasing use of such briefs raises important questions. Is there evidence that the court is actually influenced by such briefs? Can scientific/professional organizations present scientific data objectively in a clearly adversarial document? A review of the nine amicus briefs filed in Washington v. Harper, a right to refuse treatment case, and a comparison of the Court's opinion with that of the dissent demonstrate that both the majority and the dissent refer to arguments contained in the briefs, incorporate elements of these arguments, and occasionally paraphrase references cited in the briefs. It remains unclear whether the Court uses such arguments to formulate opinions or to justify them. A comparison of the briefs presented by the American Psychological Association and the American Psychiatric Association highlights the challenge to scientific objectivity inherent in participation in the amicus process.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 1","pages":"135-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18604642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crime and memory. 犯罪和记忆。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
J L Herman
{"title":"Crime and memory.","authors":"J L Herman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The conflict between knowing and not knowing, speech and silence, remembering and forgetting, is the central dialectic of psychological trauma. This conflict is manifest in the individual disturbances of memory, the amnesias and hypermnesias, of traumatized people. It is manifest also on a social level, in persisting debates over the historical reality of atrocities that have been documented beyond any reasonable doubt. Social controversy becomes particularly acute at moments in history when perpetrators face the prospect of being publicly exposed or held legally accountable for crimes long hidden or condoned. This situation obtains in many countries emerging from dictatorship, with respect to political crimes such as murder and torture. It obtains in this country with regard to the private crimes of sexual and domestic violence. This article examines a current public controversy, regarding the credibility of adult recall of childhood abuse, as a classic example of the dialectic of trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 1","pages":"5-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18604647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Countertransference in conflict: one client or two? 冲突中的反移情:一个还是两个?
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
J K Hill
{"title":"Countertransference in conflict: one client or two?","authors":"J K Hill","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of countertransference (CT) reaction has undergone dramatic changes in definition since its inception at the turn of the century. No longer viewed as a hindrance to effective therapeutic interventions, it has become central to building the therapeutic alliance. However, CT can interfere with the therapeutic task, and this is especially true in forensic settings in which one must help particularly difficult clients. In these cases, the CT must split into two parts in order for the therapist to be clinically effective. The therapist reacts to the individual as both an offender who has violated a societal law and as a client who needs help, separating the client from the behavior. Although not recognized explicitly in the forensic literature, the effects of the dual CT underlie investigations of therapist-offender relationships. This article reviews the concept of CT with specific reference to forensic settings and develops the concept of dual CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 1","pages":"105-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18605382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The long-term outcome of antisocial personality disorder compared with depression, schizophrenia, and surgical conditions. 反社会人格障碍与抑郁症、精神分裂症和手术条件的长期结果比较。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
D W Black, C H Baumgard, S E Bell
{"title":"The long-term outcome of antisocial personality disorder compared with depression, schizophrenia, and surgical conditions.","authors":"D W Black,&nbsp;C H Baumgard,&nbsp;S E Bell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to assess the long-term outcome of antisocial personality disorder (APD) compared with depression, schizophrenia, and surgical conditions. Seventy-one men meeting DSM-III criteria for APD and hospitalized at the University of Iowa Department of Psychiatry between 1945 and 1970 were followed up between 1986 and 1990, an average of 29 years after discharge. Comparison groups, collected during the Iowa 500 study, included depressed subjects (n = 225), schizophrenic subjects (n = 200), and surgical control subjects (n = 160). Patients were rated as having good, fair, or poor adjustment for marital, residential, occupational, and psychiatric status. The Global Assessment Scale was also used to rate subjects. At follow-up, antisocial subjects were doing significantly better than schizophrenic subjects for marital and residential, but not occupational or psychiatric, adjustment. Both depressed subjects and surgical controls had significantly better adjustment than antisocial subjects in all areas except residential status. Although these data apply to antisocial men who had been psychiatrically hospitalized, we conclude that APD causes significant long-term impairment in important domains of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 1","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18604646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Need for expansion of forensic psychiatrists' role in sexual harassment cases. 需要扩大法医精神科医生在性骚扰案件中的作用。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
S Feldman-Schorrig
{"title":"Need for expansion of forensic psychiatrists' role in sexual harassment cases.","authors":"S Feldman-Schorrig","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apparently intimidated by the current climate of political correctness, forensic psychiatrists in sexual harassment cases often limit themselves to a determination of damages. Yet they are in a unique position to help in the resolution of more complex issues: they need not merely accept plaintiffs' allegations at face value, as treating psychiatrists generally do, but can assess credibility and identify psychodynamics that could be crucial in the clarification of legal questions such as \"welcomeness.\" This article discusses the significance of pertinent data, such as a history of childhood sexual abuse, but emphasizes that such information does not necessarily invalidate the plaintiffs allegations. It also reviews the obstacles that can stand in the way of a complete psychiatric examination and thereby limit the forensic psychiatrist's ability to help the courts. Increased involvement by forensic psychiatrists could contribute to a more impartial evaluation of sexual harassment cases and help establish the distinction between valid claims and frivolous ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 4","pages":"513-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19617183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psychiatric factors associated with dangerous misidentification delusions. 与危险的误认妄想相关的精神因素。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
J A Silva, G B Leong, R Weinstock, R L Klein
{"title":"Psychiatric factors associated with dangerous misidentification delusions.","authors":"J A Silva,&nbsp;G B Leong,&nbsp;R Weinstock,&nbsp;R L Klein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The delusional misidentification syndromes are characterized by misidentification delusions of others or of the self. Aggressive ideas or behaviors often accompany these delusions. The relationship between delusional misidentification and dangerousness remains for the most part poorly understood. In the present article, we compare a group of dangerous individuals suffering from dangerous misidentification delusions with a group of dangerous individuals suffering from other types of delusions. Individuals with dangerous misidentification delusions were more likely to experience grandiose ideation, thought disorder, generalized hostility, excitement, general psychopathology, and a previous history of violence than dangerous delusional individuals with no delusional misidentification. The group with dangerous delusional misidentification syndromes was less likely to attack others with weapons than were the dangerous delusional group with no delusional misidentification.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 1","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18604648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Infantophilia--a new subcategory of pedophilia?: a preliminary study. 恋童癖——恋童癖的新子类?初步研究。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
D M Greenberg, J Bradford, S Curry
{"title":"Infantophilia--a new subcategory of pedophilia?: a preliminary study.","authors":"D M Greenberg,&nbsp;J Bradford,&nbsp;S Curry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has included three subgroups of pedophilic disorder based on the gender of the victim, the exclusiveness of the subject's preference for children, and whether the behavior is limited to incest. This study uses the pedophile's preference for age of victim as a means of delineating two distinct subgroups. The first group of so-called 'infantophiles' had victims who were less than five years old, while the latter subgroup of pedophiles had victims between the ages of 6 and 12 years (n = 38). The primary purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that these two subgroups, based on the age of the victims, can be further distinguished by descriptive parameters. Various standardized questionnaires were administered to the subjects. The results of the study are discussed and suggestions made with regard to future research efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 1","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18604649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teaching forensic psychiatry to psychiatric residents. 向精神科住院医生教授法医精神病学。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
M K Marrocco, J C Uecker, J R Ciccone
{"title":"Teaching forensic psychiatry to psychiatric residents.","authors":"M K Marrocco,&nbsp;J C Uecker,&nbsp;J R Ciccone","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study outlines current trends in the education of psychiatric residents in forensic psychiatry. As general psychiatrists are more frequently confronted with issues pertaining to psychiatry and the law, residency training in these areas becomes increasingly important. In order to study the educational experience of psychiatric residents in forensic psychiatry, a survey was sent to all residency training directors in the United States and Canada. The findings of the study included a description of didactics and experiential rotations in forensic psychiatry, the background of those teaching forensics, inclusion of key topics in the curriculum, and the training directors' opinions of both the importance of forensic education and the inclusion of these specific topics in the curriculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 1","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18605217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A clinical investigation of malingering and psychopathy in hospitalized insanity acquittees. 住院精神错乱无辜者装病与精神病的临床调查。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
C B Gacono, J R Meloy, K Sheppard, E Speth, A Roske
{"title":"A clinical investigation of malingering and psychopathy in hospitalized insanity acquittees.","authors":"C B Gacono,&nbsp;J R Meloy,&nbsp;K Sheppard,&nbsp;E Speth,&nbsp;A Roske","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compares Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) scores, DSM-III-R diagnoses, and select behavioral indices between hospitalized insanity acquittees (N = 18) and hospitalized insanity acquittees who successfully malingered (N = 18). The malingerers were significantly more likely to have a history of murder or rape, carry a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder or sexual sadism, and produce greater PCL-R factor 1, factor 2, and total scores than insanity acquittees who did not malinger. The malingerers were also significantly more likely to be verbally or physically assaultive, require specialized treatment plans to control their aggression, have sexual relations with female staff, deal drugs, and be considered an escape risk within the forensic hospital. These findings are discussed within the context of insanity statutes and the relevance of malingering, psychopathy, and treatability to future policy concerning the disposition of insanity acquittees.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 3","pages":"387-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19813976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diagnostic patterns among three violent offender types. 三种暴力罪犯类型的诊断模式。
The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 1995-01-01
R M Yarvis
{"title":"Diagnostic patterns among three violent offender types.","authors":"R M Yarvis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The promulgation of effective prevention and treatment strategies for the complex behavioral acts that constitute rape and homicide awaits the availability of reliable etiological data, including diagnostic data. This article endeavors to enhance that database by providing a comparison of the diagnostic presentations of three offender groups--murderers, rapists, and rapists who murder their victims.</p>","PeriodicalId":76615,"journal":{"name":"The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"23 3","pages":"411-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19813978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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