American journal of stem cells最新文献

{"title":"Transdifferentiation of endothelial cells to smooth muscle cells play an important role in vascular remodelling.","authors":"Núria Coll-Bonfill,&nbsp;Melina Mara Musri,&nbsp;Victor Ivo,&nbsp;Joan Albert Barberà,&nbsp;Olga Tura-Ceide","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary artery remodelling it is a major feature of pulmonary hypertension (PH). It is characterised by cellular and structural changes of the pulmonary arteries causing higher pulmonar vascular resistance and right ventricular failure. Abnormal deposition of smooth muscle-like (SM-like) cells in normally non-muscular, small diameter vessels and a deregulated control of endothelial cells are considered pathological features of PH. The origin of the SM-like cells and the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of this remodelling process are not understood. Endothelial cells within the intima may migrate from their organised layer of cells and transition to mesenchymal or SM-like phenotype in a process called endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EnMT). Traditionally, Waddington's epigenetic landscape illustrates that fates of somatic cells are progressively determined to compulsorily follow a downhill differentiation pathway. EnMT induces the transformation of cells with stem cell traits, therefore contrasting Waddington's theory and confirming that cell fate seems to be far more flexible than previously thought. The prospect of therapeutic inhibition of EnMT to delay or prevent PH may represent a promising new treatment modality. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"4 1","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396157/pdf/ajsc0004-0013.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33182756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation on the survival duration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - a retrospective controlled study.","authors":"Alok K Sharma,&nbsp;Hemangi M Sane,&nbsp;Amruta A Paranjape,&nbsp;Nandini Gokulchandran,&nbsp;Anjana Nagrajan,&nbsp;Myola D'sa,&nbsp;Prerna B Badhe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with fatal prognosis. Cellular therapy has been studied for ALS in various animal models and these advances have highlighted its potential to be a treatment modality. This is a retrospective controlled cohort study of total 57 patients. Out of these, 37 patients underwent autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in addition to standard rehabilitation and Riluzole. Control group consisted of 20 patients who did not receive cell transplantation. The survival duration since the onset of the disease for both the groups was computed using a Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis and compared using log-rank test. Effect of age at onset, type of onset and lithium on survival duration in the intervention group was analyzed. Mean survival duration of patients in intervention group was 87.76 months which was higher than the control group mean survival duration of 57.38 months. Survival duration was significantly (p = 0.039) higher in people with the onset of the disease below 50 years of age. Limb onset and lithium also showed positive influence on the survival duration. Mean survival duration of the intervention group was also higher than the survival duration of ALS patients in previous epidemiological studies. In addition to the standard treatment with Riluzole, early intervention with combination of BMMNCs transplantation and Lithium may have a positive effect on the survival duration in ALS. Prospective randomized controlled studies with a larger sample size and rigorous methodology are required for conclusive findings. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"4 1","pages":"50-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396155/pdf/ajsc0004-0050.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33182762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells for musculoskeletal repair in veterinary medicine.","authors":"Stefan Arnhold,&nbsp;Sabine Wenisch","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipose tissue derived stem cells (ASCs) are mesenchymal stem cells which can be obtained from different adipose tissue sources within the body. It is an abundant cell pool, which is easy accessible and the cells can be obtained in large numbers, cultivated and expanded in vitro and prepared for tissue engineering approaches, especially for skeletal tissue repair. In the recent years this cell population has attracted a great amount of attention among researchers in human as well as in veterinary medicine. In the meantime ASCs have been well characterized and their use in regenerative medicine is very well established. This review focuses on the characterization of ASCs for their use for tissue engineering approaches especially in veterinary medicine and also highlights a selection of clinical trials on the basis of ASCs as the relevant cell source. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396154/pdf/ajsc0004-0001.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33182755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cells for the cell and molecular therapy of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D): the gap between dream and reality.","authors":"Riccardo Calafiore,&nbsp;Giuseppe Basta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In spite of intense research, over the past 2-3 decades, targeted to validating methods for the cure of T1D, based on cell substitution therapy in the place of exogenously administered insulin injections, achievement of the final goal continues to remain out of reach. In fact, aside of very limited clinical success of the few clinical trials of pancreatic islet cell transplantation in totally immunosuppressed patients with T1D, the vast majority of these diabetic patients invariably is insulin-dependent. New advances for cell and molecular therapy for T1D, including use of stem cells, are reviewed and discussed in an attempt to clearly establish where we are and where are we may go for the final cure for T1DM. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"4 1","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396156/pdf/ajsc0004-0022.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33182759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental approaches to derive CD34+ progenitors from human and nonhuman primate embryonic stem cells.","authors":"Qiang Shi,&nbsp;John L VandeBerg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditionally, CD34 positive cells are predominantly found in the umbilical cord and bone marrow, thus are considered as hematopoietic progenitors. Increasing evidence has suggested that the CD34+ cells represent a distinct subset of cells with enhanced progenitor activity; CD34 is a general marker of progenitor cells in a variety of cell types. Because the CD34 protein shows expression early on in hematopoietic and vascular-associated tissues, CD34+ cells have enormous potential as cellular agents for research and for clinical cell transplantation. Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells will give rise to an inexhaustible supply of CD34+ cells, creating an exciting approach for biomedical research and for regenerative medicine. Here, we review the main methods that have been published for the derivation of CD34+ cells from embryonic stem cells; specifically those approaches the human and nonhuman primate stem cells. We summarize current status of this field, compare the methods used, and evaluate the issues in translating the bench science to bedside therapy. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"4 1","pages":"32-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396158/pdf/ajsc0004-0032.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33182760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An effective freezing/thawing method for human pluripotent stem cells cultured in chemically-defined and feeder-free conditions.","authors":"Naoki Nishishita,&nbsp;Marie Muramatsu,&nbsp;Shin Kawamata","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Culturing human Pluripotent Stem Cells (hPSC)s in chemically defined medium and feeder-free condition can facilitate metabolome and proteome analysis of culturing cells and medium, and reduce regulatory concerns for clinical application of cells. And in addition, if hPSC are passaged and cryopreserved in single cells it also facilitates quality control of cells at single cell level. Here we report a robust single cell freezing and thawing method of hPSCs cultured in chemically-defined medium TeSR(TM)-E8(TM) and on cost-effective recombinant human Vitronectin-N (rhVTN-N)-coated dish. Cells are dissociated into single cells with recombinant TrypLE(TM) Select and 0.5 mM EDTA/PBS (3:1 solution) in the presence of Rock inhibitor and cryopreserved with chemically defined CryoStem(TM). Approximately 60% of cells were viable after dissociation. Aggrewell(TM) 400 was used to form cell clumps of 500 cells after thaw in the presence of Rock inhibitor and cells were cultured for two days with TeSR-E8. Cells clumps were then seeded on rhVTN-N-coated dish and cultured with TeSR-E8 for two days prior to the first passage after thawing. Number of viable cells at the first passage increased around 10 times of that just before freezing. This robust single cell freezing method for hPSCs cultured in chemically defined medium will facilitate quality control of cultured cells at single cell level before cryopreservation and consequently assure the quality of cells in frozen vials for further manipulation after thawing. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"4 1","pages":"38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2015-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396159/pdf/ajsc0004-0038.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33182761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic cancer stem cells: from the concept to therapeutics.","authors":"Wen-Ting Liao,&nbsp;Ya-Ping Ye,&nbsp;Yong-Jian Deng,&nbsp;Xiu-Wu Bian,&nbsp;Yan-Qing Ding","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metastatic cancer stem cells (MCSCs) refer to a subpopulation of cancer cells with both stem cell properties and invasion capabilities that contribute to cancer metastasis. MCSCs have capability of self-renewal, potentials of multiple differentiation and development and/or reconstruction of cancer tissues. As compared with stationary cancer stem cells, MCSCs are capable of invasion to normal tissues such as vasculatures, resistance to chemo- and/or radio-therapies, escape from immune surveillance, survival in circulation and formation of metastasis. MCSCs are derived from invasive cancer stem cells (iCSCs) due to the plasticity of cancer stem cells, which is one of the characteristics of cancer cell heterogeneity. Both stages of iCSCs and MSCSs are the potential therapeutic targets for cancer metastasis in the future strategies of personalized cancer therapy. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"3 2","pages":"46-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4163604/pdf/ajsc0003-0046.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32677517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging paradigms of long non-coding RNAs in gastrointestinal cancer.","authors":"Hui-Juan Jiang,&nbsp;Shuang Wang,&nbsp;Yanqing Ding","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered by genome-wide transcriptional analyses. Emerging evidence has indicated that lncRNAs regulate gene expression at epigenetic, transcription, and post-transcription levels, are widely involved in various pathobiology of human diseases, and may play an important role in the biology of cancer stem cells. Alterations of specific lncRNAs have been revealed to interact with the major pathways of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, invasion and metastasis in many human malignancies, such as gastrointestinal cancer. This review summarizes the current understandings in biological functions and implications of lncRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"3 2","pages":"63-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4163605/pdf/ajsc0003-0063.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32677516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematopoietic stem cells derived from human umbilical cord ameliorate cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats.","authors":"Rokaya H Shalaby, Laila A Rashed, Alaa E Ismaail, Naglaa K Madkour, Sherien H Elwakeel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injury to a target organ can be sensed by bone marrow stem cells that migrate to the site of damage, undergo differentiation, and promote structural and functional repair. This remarkable stem cell capacity prompted an investigation of the potential of mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells to cure acute renal failure. On the basis of the recent demonstration that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can differentiate into renal cells, the current study tested the hypothesis that HSCs can contribute to the regeneration of renal tubular epithelial cells after renal injury. HSCs from human umbilical cord blood which isolated and purified by magnetic activated cell sorting were transplanted intraperitoneal into acute renal failure (ARF) rats which was established by a single dose of cisplatin 5 mg/kg for five days. The Study was carried on 48 male white albino rats, of average weight 120-150 gm. The animals were divided into 4 groups, Group one Served as control and received normal saline throughout the experiments. Group two (model control) received a single dose of cisplatin. Group three and four male-albino rats with induced ARF received interapritoneally (HSCs) at two week and four week respectively. Injection of a single dose of cisplatin resulted in a significant increase in serum creatinine and urea levels, histo-pathological examination of kidney tissue from cisplatin showed severe nephrotoxicity in which 50-75% of glomeruli and renal tubules exhibited massive degenerative change. Four weeks after HSC transplantation, Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen decreased 3.5 times and 2.1 times as well as HGF, IGF-1, VEGF and P53 using quantitative real-time PCR increased 4.3 times, 3.2, 2.4 and 4.2 times compared to ARF groups, respectively. The proliferation of cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells (500.083±35.167) was higher than that in the cisplatin groups (58.612±15.743). In addition, the transplanted umbilical cord hematopoietic stem cells UC-HSCs could reside in local injury sites, leading to the relief of hyperemia and inflammation, but no obvious transdifferentiation into renal-like cells. The results lay the foundation for further study on the potential application of UC-HSCs in human disease and Because of their availability; HSC may be useful for cell replacement therapy of acute renal failure. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"3 2","pages":"83-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4163607/pdf/ajsc0003-0083.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32677466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Oct4 protein: more than a magic stemness marker.","authors":"Dana Zeineddine,&nbsp;Aya Abou Hammoud,&nbsp;Mohamad Mortada,&nbsp;Hélène Boeuf","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Oct4 protein, encoded by the Pou5f1 gene was the very first master gene, discovered 25 years ago, to be absolutely required for the stemness properties of murine and primate embryonic stem cells. This transcription factor, which has also been shown to be essential for somatic cell reprogrammation, displays various functions depending upon its level of expression and has been quoted as a \"rheostat\" gene. Oct4 protein is in complexes with many different partners and its activity depends upon fine post-translational modifications. This review aims at revisiting some properties of this protein, which has not yet delivered all its potentialities. </p>","PeriodicalId":7657,"journal":{"name":"American journal of stem cells","volume":"3 2","pages":"74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4163606/pdf/ajsc0003-0074.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32677518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}