American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs最新文献

{"title":"Iron Dyshomeostasis and Mitochondrial Function in the Failing Heart: A Review of the Literature","authors":"Seyed Ali Mousavi-Aghdas,&nbsp;Ebrahim Farashi,&nbsp;Nasim Naderi","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00619-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00619-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cardiac contraction and relaxation require a substantial amount of energy provided by the mitochondria. The failing heart is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)- and creatine-depleted. Studies have found iron is involved in almost every aspect of mitochondrial function, and previous studies have shown myocardial iron deficiency in heart failure (HF). Many clinicians advocated intravenous iron repletion for HF patients meeting the conventional criteria for systemic iron deficiency. While clinical trials showed improved quality of life, iron repletion failed to significantly impact survival or significant cardiovascular adverse events. There is evidence that in HF, labile iron is trapped inside the mitochondria causing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. There is also compelling preclinical evidence demonstrating the detrimental effects of both iron overload and depletion on cardiomyocyte function. We reviewed the mechanisms governing myocardial and mitochondrial iron content. Mitochondrial dynamics (i.e., fusion, fission, mitophagy) and the role of iron were also investigated. Ferroptosis, as an important regulated cell death mechanism involved in cardiomyocyte loss, was reviewed along with agents used to manipulate it. The membrane stability and iron content of mitochondria can be altered by many agents. Some studies are showing promising improvement in the cardiomyocyte function after iron chelation by deferiprone; however, whether the in vitro and in vivo findings will be reflected on on clinical grounds is still unclear. Finally, we briefly reviewed the clinical trials on intravenous iron repletion. There is a need for more well-simulated animal studies to shed light on the safety and efficacy of chelation agents and pave the road for clinical studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"19 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cost-Effectiveness of Rivaroxaban Plus Aspirin Compared with Aspirin Alone in the COMPASS Trial: A US Perspective","authors":"Andre Lamy,&nbsp;John Eikelboom,&nbsp;Wesley Tong,&nbsp;Fei Yuan,&nbsp;Shrikant I. Bangdiwala,&nbsp;Jackie Bosch,&nbsp;Stuart Connolly,&nbsp;Eva Lonn,&nbsp;Gilles R. Dagenais,&nbsp;Kelley R. H. Branch,&nbsp;Wei-Jhih Wang,&nbsp;Deepak L. Bhatt,&nbsp;Jeffrey Probstfield,&nbsp;Georg Ertl,&nbsp;Stefan Störk,&nbsp;P. Gabriel Steg,&nbsp;Victor Aboyans,&nbsp;Isabelle Durand-Zaleski,&nbsp;Lars Ryden,&nbsp;Salim Yusuf","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00620-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00620-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily with aspirin 100 mg daily was shown to be better than aspirin 100 mg daily for preventing cardiovascular (CV) death, stroke or myocardial infarction in patients with either stable coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD). The cost-effectiveness of this regimen in this population is essential for decision-makers to know.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>US direct healthcare system costs (in USD) were applied to hospitalized events, procedures and study drugs utilized by all patients. We determined the mean cost per participant for the full duration of the trial (mean follow-up of 23 months) plus quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) over a lifetime using a two-state Markov model with 1-year cycle length. Sensitivity analyses were performed on the price of rivaroxaban and the annual discontinuation rate.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The costs of events and procedures were reduced for Cardiovascular Outcomes for People Using Anticoagulation Strategies (COMPASS) patients who received rivaroxaban 2.5 mg orally (BID) plus acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) compared with ASA alone. Total costs were higher for the combination group ($7426 versus $4173) after considering acquisition costs of the study drug. Over a lifetime, patients receiving rivaroxaban plus ASA incurred $27,255 more and gained 1.17 QALYs compared with those receiving ASA alone resulting in an ICER of $23,295/QALY. ICERs for PAD only and polyvascular disease subgroups were lower.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Rivaroxaban 2.5 mg BID plus ASA compared with ASA alone was cost-effective (high value) in the USA.</p><p><b>COMPASS ClinicalTrials.gov identifier</b>: NCT01776424.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"117 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10806169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139048175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rivaroxaban Plasma Concentration and Clinical Outcomes on Older Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Pulmonary Infection","authors":"Yan Yu,&nbsp;Haobin Li,&nbsp;Jing Liu,&nbsp;Qing Liang,&nbsp;Juan Xie,&nbsp;Guangchun Sun","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00622-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00622-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Infection may induce thrombotic and hemorrhagic events; however, it is currently unclear whether the inflammatory response affects the coagulation function and the clinical efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in older patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>This project aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban in older patients with NVAF complicated by infection, and to provide a basis for possible drug dose adjustment.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 152 NVAF patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to the Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai from June 2020 to May 2022 were included in this prospective, observational study. The changes in steady-state plasma concentration of rivaroxaban and FXa inhibition rate were compared between patients with and without infection, and the impact on the occurrence of infection, thrombotic events, and bleeding events was compared through 1-year follow-up.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results showed that patients in the infection group had abnormal inflammation markers, as well as an increased occurrence of bleeding and thrombotic events during hospitalization and follow-up. The high incidence of bleeding events in patients was closely related to the occurrence of infection, lymphocyte reduction, and increased neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. The increase in thrombotic events was related to a decrease in rivaroxaban plasma concentration. Bleeding events in patients taking anticoagulant drugs are not necessarily due to drug accumulation.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Timely control of infection, assessment of bleeding and thrombotic risks, and selection of appropriate anticoagulation treatment strategies should be made in older NVAF patients who develop pulmonary infection.</p><h3>Clinical Trials Registration</h3><p>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Number ChiCTR2000033144.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"129 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Cangrelor in Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","authors":"Mostafa Reda Mostafa,&nbsp;Mohamed Magdi Eid,&nbsp;Ahmed K. Awad,&nbsp;Andrew Takla,&nbsp;Abdul Rhman Hassan,&nbsp;Basant E. Katamesh,&nbsp;Majd M. AlBarakat,&nbsp;Abdul Rhman Ziada,&nbsp;Sarah Mohamed,&nbsp;Karim M. Al-Azizi,&nbsp;Andrew M. Goldsweig","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00616-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00616-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cangrelor is a potent intravenous non-thienopyridine P2Y12 inhibitor. We conducted a network meta-analysis to study the efficacy and safety of cangrelor as compared with the oral P2Y12 inhibition, clopidogrel, or placebo in acute coronary syndromes.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This meta-analysis followed the Cochrane collaboration guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocols. Outcomes of interest included all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization, major bleeding, minor bleeding, and the need for blood transfusion.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis was comprised of 6 studies including 26,444 patients treated with cangrelor, clopidogrel, or placebo. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization, or major bleeding. Cangrelor was associated with a higher risk of minor bleeding than clopidogrel or placebo, with no difference in requiring blood transfusion.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Cangrelor has comparable outcomes to clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes and can be used as a reliable alternative in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"71 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138294438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Coronary Revascularization: Where Are We Now? A Systematic Review","authors":"Ryaan EL-Andari,&nbsp;Nicholas M. Fialka,&nbsp;Jimmy Kang,&nbsp;Sabin J. Bozso,&nbsp;Jayan Nagendran,&nbsp;Jeevan Nagendran","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00618-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00618-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Diabetes and coronary artery disease are two common conditions that often co-exist. In recent years, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been demonstrated to provide significant cardioprotective benefits, especially among patients with heart failure.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>In this systematic review, we look to identify the outcomes SGLT2i use in patients undergoing coronary revascularization.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Pubmed and Embase were systematically searched for articles describing the outcomes of patients taking SGLT2i and undergoing coronary revascularization. 834 titles and abstracts were screened, 42 full texts were reviewed, and 18 studies were found to meet the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>For patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention, the use of SGLT2i resulted in reductions in mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, and improved blood glucose; however, these benefits were not consistently reported in the literature. Reduced inflammatory markers and positive cardiac remodeling were identified among patients taking SGLT2i.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been demonstrated to provide benefits for patients with heart failure along with a host of positive modulatory effects on the cardiovascular system, including reductions in inflammatory properties, hypertension, and left ventricular volume load. Given the clear benefit provided by SGLT2i to patients with cardiovascular disease and a host of positive properties that are expected to be protective for patients with ischemic heart disease, future investigation into the relationship between SGLT2i and outcomes for patients undergoing revascularization is imperative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"55 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136395876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Novel Therapies of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension","authors":"Omnia Azmy Nabeh,&nbsp;Alaa I. Saud,&nbsp;Basma Amin,&nbsp;Amira Samy Khedr,&nbsp;Alaa Amr,&nbsp;Aml Medhat Faoosa,&nbsp;Eshraka Esmat,&nbsp;Yasmeen Magdy Mahmoud,&nbsp;Aya Hatem,&nbsp;Mariam Mohamed,&nbsp;Alaa Osama,&nbsp;Youssef Mohamed Amin Soliman,&nbsp;Reem Ibrahim Elkorashy,&nbsp;Soha Aly Elmorsy","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00613-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00613-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, cureless disease, characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and remodeling, with subsequent ventricular dilatation and failure. New therapeutic targets are being investigated for their potential roles in improving PAH patients’ symptoms and reversing pulmonary vascular pathology.</p><h3>Method</h3><p>We aimed to address the available knowledge from the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the role of Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitors, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) inhibitors, estrogen inhibitors, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators on the PAH evaluation parameters. This systematic review (SR) was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CDR42022340658) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 5092 records were screened from different database and registries; 8 RCTs that met our inclusion criteria were included. The marked difference in the study designs and the variability of the selected outcome measurement tools among the studies made performing a meta-analysis impossible. However, the main findings of this SR relate to the powerful potential of the AMPK activator and the imminent antidiabetic drug metformin, and the BMP2 inhibitor sotatercept as promising PAH-modifying therapies. There is a need for long-term studies to evaluate the effect of the ROCK inhibitor fasudil and the estrogen aromatase inhibitor anastrozole in PAH patients. The role of tacrolimus in PAH is questionable. The discrepancy in the hemodynamic and clinical parameters necessitates defining cut values to predict improvement. The differences in the PAH etiologies render the judgment of the therapeutic potential of the tested drugs challenging.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Metformin and sotatercept appear as promising therapeutic drugs for PAH.</p><h3>Clinical Trials Registration</h3><p>This work was registered in PROSPERO (CDR42022340658).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"39 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10805839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72013143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgment to Referees","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00617-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00617-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"23 6","pages":"595 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Diltiazem Versus Metoprolol in Acute Rate Control of Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter and Rapid Ventricular Response: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Observational Studies","authors":"Alexander Bolton,&nbsp;Bishow Paudel,&nbsp;Mehul Adhaduk,&nbsp;Mohammed Alsuhaibani,&nbsp;Riley Samuelson,&nbsp;Marin L. Schweizer,&nbsp;Denice Hodgson-Zingman","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00615-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00615-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or atrial flutter (AFL) with rapid ventricular response (RVR) is a condition that often requires urgent treatment. Although guidelines have recommendations regarding chronic rate control therapy, recommendations on the best choice for acute heart rate (HR) control in RVR are unclear.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search across multiple databases was performed for studies evaluating the outcome of HR control (defined as HR less than 110 bpm and/or 20% decrease from baseline HR). Included studies evaluated AF and/or AFL with RVR in a hospital setting, with direct comparison between intravenous (IV) diltiazem and metoprolol and excluded cardiac surgery and catheter ablation patients. Hypotension (defined as systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg) was measured as a secondary outcome. Two authors performed full-text article review and extracted data, with a third author mediating disagreements. Random effects models utilizing inverse variance weighting were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using the <i>I</i>² test.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 563 unique titles were identified through the systematic search, of which 16 studies (7 randomized and 9 observational) were included. In our primary analysis of HR control by study type, IV diltiazem was found to be more effective than IV metoprolol for HR control in randomized trials (OR 4.75, 95% CI 2.50–9.04 with <i>I</i>² = 14%); however, this was not found for observational studies (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.89–1.80 with <i>I</i>² = 55%). In an analysis of observational studies, there were no significant differences between the two drugs in odds of hypotension (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.51–2.45 with <i>I</i>² = 18%).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While there was a trend toward improved HR control with IV diltiazem compared with IV metoprolol in randomized trials, this was not seen in observational studies, and there was no observed difference in hypotension between the two drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"103 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49673330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Effectiveness of Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Japanese Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Stratified by Renal Function: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Takeshi Morimoto,&nbsp;Haruhiko Hoshino,&nbsp;Yukako Matsuo,&nbsp;Tatsuki Ibuki,&nbsp;Kayoko Miyata,&nbsp;Yukihiro Koretsune","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00611-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00611-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>We previously conducted a retrospective cohort study using chart review of oral anticoagulant-naïve Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) that assessed the risk of major bleeding and stroke/systemic embolism (SE) events of apixaban versus warfarin.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this subgroup analysis, we compared the risk of major bleeding and stroke/SE events by stratifying patients into four subgroups matched 1:1 using propensity score matching (PSM) according to baseline creatinine clearance (CrCl; mL/min): ≥ 15 to &lt; 30, ≥ 30 to &lt; 50, ≥ 50 to &lt; 80, and ≥ 80.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 7074 patients in the apixaban group and 4998 in the warfarin group eligible for inclusion in the analysis, 4385 were included in each group after PSM. Incidence rates of major bleeding and stroke/SE events were generally lower with apixaban versus warfarin across the CrCl subgroups. When all patients with a CrCl change of &lt; 0 mL/min per year during the study period (apixaban, <i>n</i> = 3871; warfarin, <i>n</i> = 2635) were stratified into four subgroups based on the magnitude of CrCl decline (median CrCl change [mL/min] per year: − 1.09, − 3.48, − 7.54, and − 36.92 for apixaban, and − 1.10, − 3.65, − 7.85, and − 40.40 for warfarin), the incidence rates of major bleeding and stroke/SE events generally increased with an increasing CrCl decline per year in both groups.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In Japanese patients with NVAF, the safety and effectiveness of apixaban and warfarin were consistent across different renal subgroups, including those with severe renal impairment. Our results highlight the importance of monitoring renal function variations over time in patients with NVAF.</p><h3>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier</h3><p>NCT03765242.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"23 6","pages":"721 - 733"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardioprotective Strategies After Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury","authors":"Honghong Zhang,&nbsp;Huilin Hu,&nbsp;Changlin Zhai,&nbsp;Lele Jing,&nbsp;Hongen Tian","doi":"10.1007/s40256-023-00614-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40256-023-00614-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although early reperfusion is the most effective strategy to salvage ischemic myocardium, reperfusion injury can develop with the restoration of blood flow. Therefore, it is important to identify protection mechanisms and strategies for the heart after myocardial infarction. Recent studies have shown that multiple intracellular molecules and signaling pathways are involved in cardioprotection. Meanwhile, device-based cardioprotective modalities such as cardiac left ventricular unloading, hypothermia, coronary sinus intervention, supersaturated oxygen (SSO₂), and remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) have become important areas of research. Herein, we review the molecular mechanisms of cardioprotection and cardioprotective modalities after ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) to identify potential approaches to reduce mortality and improve prognosis in patients with AMI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7652,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs","volume":"24 1","pages":"5 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10806044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41181816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}