Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement最新文献

{"title":"Subject and author index for the journal's first 25 years, 1969-1993. Volumes 1-25, supplements 1-29.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"36 ","pages":"1-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20046974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily activities in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Aspects of patient education, assistive devices and methods for disability and impairment assessment.","authors":"U Nordenskiöld","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>The major aims of the study were to identify the difficulties in daily activities (ADL) of women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to demonstrate the effect of interventions. Methods were developed for measuring grip force, the Grippit instrument, and assessing ADL without and with assistive devices. Effects of interventions were explored, and the need for new solutions concerning daily activities was identified. Seventy-three women with RA participated in the study, 14 women with fibromyalgia were included in the grip force measurements, and 187 healthy women and 65 healthy men acted as a reference group. In describing the consequences of the disease with regard to daily activities, the patient's perspective was taken into account.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Grip force (peak value and average value over 10 seconds) was reduced in women with RA compared to the reference values. With an elastic wrist orthosis, pain decreased and grip force increased significantly in defined ADL situations. After a patient education programme in joint protection, designed to influence knowledge, inspiration and action, on average 91% of the assistive devices provided were in use, most frequently for kitchen work and personal care. Pain also decreased significantly with the use of specially designed assistive devices like breadsaws, potato peelers, and scissors compared to using standard tools. The cost of these interventions could be judged to be low in relation to its effectiveness. Using an alternative model of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) where the use of assistive devices did not influence the ratings, grip force was correlated to more ADL activities than disclosed by the ordinary HAQ ratings. The difference between these two models for rating HAQ items was demonstrated. The Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire (EDAQ) was developed and can be used to evaluate both intrinsic (without assistive devices) and actual (with such assistance) disability. The EDAQ consists of 102 items arranged in 11 dimensions. The number of activities with perceived difficulty without assistive devices/altered working methods in RA women ranged between 13 and 99 and after interventions between 6 and 57. Assistive devices appeared most effective in the dimensions Eating, Cooking and Toileting. Only a few useful devices were identified in the dimensions Dressing, Washing/Clothes care and Cleaning. The ordinal score from EDAQ was transformed by the Rasch analysis to obtain linear measures. This allowed the construction of an acceptable model with items ranging from \"hard\" to \"easy\". The hardest items were found to be shopping and cleaning the kitchen floor, the easiest were walking indoors and using telephone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women with RA have reduced grip force and pain, which affect their performance of daily activities. Usage of assistive devices and altered working methods reduced the perceived difficulty i","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"37 ","pages":"1-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20355034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal studies of dependence in daily life activities among elderly persons.","authors":"U Sonn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ability in activities of daily living (ADL), use of assistive devices, and relation to functional limitations and impairments were studied among persons between 70 and 76 years of age within the Inter-Vention study of Elderly in Göteborg (IVEG) Sweden. An ADL index was developed including instrumental activities (I-ADLs) (cleaning, shopping, transportation and cooking), which was combined with Katz' Index of personal daily life activities (P-ADLs) (bathing, dressing, going to the toilet, transfer, continence and feeding). Independence of and dependence on assistance from another person was assessed and it was possible to classify performance according to an ordinal scale of ADL-steps. The reliability and validity of the scale were tested in an out-patient sample (n = 85) as well as in a population of 76-year-olds (n = 659) and were found to be sufficient (coefficients of reproducibility and scalability, internal consistency, inter- observer reliability, content, construct, and criterion validity). The \"Staircase of ADL\" can be used for observation and documentation of different levels of ability/disability for individuals, groups and for population studies. Most persons (83%) were independent in all activities at age 70 (n = 617). Among survivors followed longitudinally, the incidence of disability was 8% between 70 and 73 and 26% between 73 and 76 years of age. Dependence at age 70 could predict mortality as well as institutionalization. No sex differences were found in the proportion with overall disability. Assistance given by relatives dominated both at 70, 73 and 76 years of age. One fifth at age 70 and almost half of the population at age 76 used assistive devices (AD) in daily life activities, and the use was more frequent in women (52%) than men (37%) at age 76 (n = 595). During the studied age interval, 39% \"new users\" were found, while 22% were \"temporary users\". The usage rate was high and the effectiveness of ADs increased the person's ability to master the situation, especially evident as increased safety and reduction of effort in activities of daily living, implying a reduced degree of handicap. Physical impairments and functional limitations had a considerable impact on dependence in daily life activities as persons dependent in ADL had lower maximal walking speed, grip strength, knee extensor strength, stair-climbing capacity and forward reach than those who were independent in ADL (n = 602). Walking speed in both women and men and sight impairment in men had the greatest influence on dependence in ADL. Women and men who stayed independent over the period (70-76) had significantly higher maximal walking speed and knee extensor strength at the age of 70 than those who became dependent or were dependent on both occasions.</p>","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"34 ","pages":"1-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19674070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of occupational musculo-skeletal injuries. Labour Inspectorate investigation.","authors":"K Kemmlert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect on ergonomic conditions by Labour Inspectorate intervention at the work place and to follow health and employment among occupationally injured. 195 reports on occupational musculo-skeletal injury (accidents and diseases) from men and women with different occupations were collected consecutively at three Labour Inspectorate offices. Fifteen Labour Inspectors volunteered to investigate half of the reports by work place visits within three months. The other half was kept for control. The inspectors were trained in ergonomics and also got complementary training in ergonomic work place assessment. A check-list was designed for the purpose and tested for validity and reliability. Eighteen months after the time of the injury reports, all work places were visited by ergonomists to evaluate possible improvements in ergonomic conditions. Due to turnover and prolonged sick-leaves, evaluations were performed for only 92 of the injured. At 160 work places other employees had performed similar tasks as the injured at the time of the injury report. Evaluations of possible improvements in ergonomic conditions were performed also for these employees. As regards changes at the work place there were no differences between the injured in the study and control groups. The inspectors had delivered 11 inspection notices to the employers demanding improvements for the injured and 14 notices regarding the conditions of work-mates. For this latter group there was a significant association between delivered notices and improved ergonomic conditions eighteen months after the reports. Three years after the time of the reports a postal questionnaire on health, psychological well-being and employment was distributed to the injured. The response rate was 93%. Questionnaire answers were compared to results from other studies, where identical questions were used. There was a significantly higher prevalence of musculo-skeletal and psychological symptoms in the study group compared to data from population groups. Activities in daily life were more restricted in the study group. 109 persons were in active employment. The association between the two effect measures improved ergonomic conditions and active employment, and both individual and work-related characteristics was analysed. The odds for improved working conditions were increased where the employer had given an informative injury description in the injury report, probably indicating that an understanding of the mechanisms of injury is a prerequisite for effective prevention. Sick-leaves for more than 6 months during the year following the report had a significant negative association with active employment, whereas male sex and higher education, respectively, had a positive association. The studied musculo-skeletal injuries were associated with a high prevalence of physical and psychological symptoms. Identification and investigation of ergonomic hazards, as app","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"35 ","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19674071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The new role of Swedish Occupational Health Care in relation to rehabilitation.","authors":"E Hammarskjöld","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"32 ","pages":"81-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18784657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical aspects of neck-and-shoulder pain.","authors":"E Spangfort","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"32 ","pages":"43-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18784652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principles for medical rehabilitation of patients with chronic neck-and-shoulder pain.","authors":"K Schüldt,&nbsp;K Harms-Ringdahl,&nbsp;J Ekholm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"32 ","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18784654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health economy: evaluating the costs and benefits of occupational health programs.","authors":"N T Watts","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"32 ","pages":"101-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18784709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Swedish social insurance system: overview of organization and costs.","authors":"M Synnerholm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"32 ","pages":"113-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18784711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principles of prevention of neck-and-shoulder pain.","authors":"K Harms-Ringdahl,&nbsp;K Schüldt,&nbsp;J Ekholm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76524,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. Supplement","volume":"32 ","pages":"87-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18784659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}