Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum最新文献_第10页

Cytomegalovirus after heart transplantation: definitions for the guidance of antiviral therapy. 心脏移植后巨细胞病毒:抗病毒治疗指导的定义。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

F Iberer, K Tscheliessnigg, G Halwachs, T Auer, A Wasler, B Petutschnigg, G Schreier, H Müller, T Allmayer, G Prenner

引用次数: 0

Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection of the nervous system in AIDS by polymerase chain reaction analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. 脑脊液聚合酶链反应诊断艾滋病神经系统巨细胞病毒感染。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

P Cinque, L Vago, M R Terreni, M Brytting, R Marenzi, A Castagna, A Lazzarin, A Linde

{"title":"Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection of the nervous system in AIDS by polymerase chain reaction analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.","authors":"P Cinque, L Vago, M R Terreni, M Brytting, R Marenzi, A Castagna, A Lazzarin, A Linde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the diagnostic relevance and the clinical impact of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in the diagnosis of CMV infection of the central nervous system (CNS), 220 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with neurological disease were examined. CSF was drawn 1-180 days before death, concomitantly with clinical neurological disease, and autopsy was performed in all the cases. CMV DNA was detected in the CSF from 36 of 45 patients (82%) with CMV infection of the CNS, and in 2 of 175 without CMV infection of the CNS at autopsy. The sensitivity of the method was 82%, the specificity 99%, the positive predictive value 95%, and the negative predictive value 96%. An extensive CMV ventriculitis or encephalitis was shown by histopathology in the majority of the CSF PCR-positive patients with overt clinical encephalitis. Minor CMV lesions only, not likely to cause relevant clinical symptoms, were observed in some CSF PCR-positive patients, concomitant with other opportunistic CNS diseases. CSF PCR is a reliable means for diagnosis of CMV infection of the CNS in patients with AIDS. A positive PCR result, however, requires careful interpretation in the individual clinical context.","PeriodicalId":76520,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum","volume":"99 ","pages":"92-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19644725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathogenicity: animal models. 致病性:动物模型。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

C A Bruggeman, F Li, F S Stals

{"title":"Pathogenicity: animal models.","authors":"C A Bruggeman, F Li, F S Stals","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Animal models offer the opportunity to study the interaction of the virus and the host and to unravel the mechanism in processes such as persistence of the virus and virus-induced pathology. Primary infection results in a generalized infection as shown by the presence of virus in many organs. During viraemia the virus is present in mononuclear cells by which it is transported through the body. In neonates and in immuno-suppressed animals the infection results in multiorgan failure, leading to death. Recent data have shown that infection of endothelial cells in the microvasculature and mononuclear cells seems to be important in the pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced disease. After primary infection the virus persists in the body. Although the exact localization of the latent virus is unknown it is clear that during latency viral DNA is present in many organs. By immune suppression the virus can reactivate from its latent state. In addition to the direct complications attributable to the virus itself, CMV has modulating effects on the immune response. Although in some instances the infection leads to immune suppression, the virus infection can also accelerate inflammatory and immune responses. Studies in mice have shown that CMV infection can exacerbate graft-versus-host reactions, and experiments in rats using allogeneic transplants indicate that CMV infection results in enhanced chronic rejection in which acceleration of the immune response is involved. Although the exact mechanism is not clear, recent data indicate that cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha are involved in these processes.","PeriodicalId":76520,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum","volume":"99 ","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19644787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CMV PCR in leucocytes as an early marker for the development of CMV disease in AIDS patients. 白细胞中巨细胞病毒PCR作为艾滋病患者巨细胞病毒疾病发展的早期标志物

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

H Quarner, S Grützmeier, I Lewensohn-Fuchs, B Hejdeman, E Sandström, A Ehrnst

{"title":"CMV PCR in leucocytes as an early marker for the development of CMV disease in AIDS patients.","authors":"H Quarner, S Grützmeier, I Lewensohn-Fuchs, B Hejdeman, E Sandström, A Ehrnst","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in leucocytes and CMV disease in AIDS patients was sought. In 195 HIV-1 infected, mostly AIDS patients, CMV nPCR was performed in 477 peripheral EDTA blood samples which were collected also for CD4 cell counts (403), classic (410) and rapid virus isolation (270), and antigenemia tests (190). Most patients who died were autopsied. Immunohistopathology for CMV was performed. The first 43 patients were classified clinically according to having (A) verified organ involvement of CMV (15), (B) suspected CMV disease due to symptoms (4), or no CMV-associated disease (24). CMV-DNA was detected in the majority of samples (66%) and patients (68%). In contrast, CMV in the samples was detected in only 16% by classical and 11% by rapid isolation and in 8.4% by the antigenemia test. Acquisition of CMV DNA in leucocytes became more common as the CD4 cell counts fell. Detection of CMV DNA was significantly associated with CMV-associated symptoms and later mortality. In conclusion, CMV PCR of DNA in leucocytes is a sensitive and early marker of CMV disease in HIV-infected AIDS patients. It might be a marker to be added to CD4 cell counts for initiation of preemptive therapy.","PeriodicalId":76520,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum","volume":"99 ","pages":"94-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19644726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Four dually resistant human cytomegalovirus strains from AIDS patients: single mutations in UL97 and UL54 open reading frames are responsible for ganciclovir- and foscarnet-specific resistance, respectively. 来自艾滋病患者的四种双耐药人类巨细胞病毒毒株:UL97和UL54开放阅读框的单突变分别导致更昔洛韦和氟膦特异性耐药。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

F Baldanti, A Sarasini, E Silini, M Barbi, A Lazzarin, K K Biron, G Gerna

引用次数: 0

Detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA: how, when and where? 人巨细胞病毒DNA的检测:如何、何时、何地?

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

G Gerna, F Baldanti, D Zella, M Furione

引用次数: 0

Induction of endothelial adhesion molecules by rat cytomegalovirus in allogeneic lung transplantation in the rat. 巨细胞病毒诱导大鼠异基因肺移植中内皮粘附分子的研究。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

G Steinhoff, X M You, C Steinmüller, K Boeke, F S Stals, C A Bruggeman, A Haverich

引用次数: 0

Immunoprophylaxis against cytomegalovirus disease. 巨细胞病毒病的免疫预防。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

S P Adler

{"title":"Immunoprophylaxis against cytomegalovirus disease.","authors":"S P Adler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with either deficient or immature immune systems need protection against cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. That maternal immunization prior to pregnancy will protect newborns from congenital disease is suggested by the fact that newborns who acquire CMV either via transfusion or transplacentally are relatively protected if their mothers had antibodies to CMV prior to pregnancy. For patients becoming partially immunocompromised following solid organ transplantation, protection against severe CMV disease is afforded by immunity acquired either by wild-type infection prior to transplantation or passive or active immunization. In three randomized placebo-controlled studies, live attenuated CMV vaccine has successfully protected seronegative recipients of kidneys from seropositive donors from severe CMV disease by efficiently inducing humoral and cellular immunity. Subunit vaccines comprised of glycoprotein gB, the viral component containing the majority of viral neutralizing epitopes, are in the early phases of study, as are strategies to provide patients with CD8+ deficiency immunoprophylaxis via adoptive transfer of cytotoxic T-cells expanded in vitro against CMV structural proteins. Given all of these facts, safe and effective CMV immunoprophylaxis against CMV disease is possible.","PeriodicalId":76520,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum","volume":"99 ","pages":"105-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19644135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deletion mutants in human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein US9 are impaired in cell-cell transmission and in altering tight junctions of polarized human retinal pigment epithelial cells. 人巨细胞病毒糖蛋白US9的缺失突变体在细胞间传递和改变极化人视网膜色素上皮细胞的紧密连接中受损。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

L Pereira, E Maidji, S Tugizov, T Jones

{"title":"Deletion mutants in human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein US9 are impaired in cell-cell transmission and in altering tight junctions of polarized human retinal pigment epithelial cells.","authors":"L Pereira, E Maidji, S Tugizov, T Jones","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is one of the major manifestations of viral pathogenesis in immunosuppressed patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). CMV infection of the retina causes directional destruction which begins at the optic nerve head adjacent to the retinal capillaries and progresses, if untreated, to retinal detachment and blindness. Infection does not occur across the basal membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), adjacent to the highly vascularized choroid. CMV replicates in polarized RPE cells, and progeny virions cross apical and lateral membranes of RPE cells grown on permeable filter supports, but not basal membranes. Cell-cell junctions of CMV-infected RPE cells are permeabilized, and the tight junction protein zonula occludens (ZO-1) is disassembled; progeny virions then spread to neighboring cells through the lateral cell membranes, which in polarized cells differ significantly in lipid and protein composition from the apical cell membranes. We found that CMV mutants with deletions in US9 and US8/US9 failed to spread from cell to cell, exhibiting a small-plaque phenotype in polarized RPE cells. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy staining of ZO-1 protein revealed that RPE cells infected with CMV deletion mutants RV35, RV80, and RV61 did not exhibit altered tight junctions, in contrast to RPE cells infected with wild-type strain AD169 virus. Our findings indicate that US9, which is an accessory glycoprotein in infected foreskin fibroblasts, is required for transmission of virus across cell-cell junctions of polarized RPE cells. The relationship between US9 expression and virus transmission across cell-cell boundaries suggests that US9 may directly or indirectly permeabilize tight junction complexes of polarized RPE cells.","PeriodicalId":76520,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum","volume":"99 ","pages":"82-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19644724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mycobacterial infections in Sweden. 瑞典的分枝杆菌感染。

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. Supplementum Pub Date : 1995-01-01

V Romanus

引用次数: 0