Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum最新文献_第2页

Risk stratification of prostate cancer 2016. 前列腺癌风险分层2016。

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1208453

Robert E Reiter

引用次数: 7

Standardization of tumor markers - priorities identified through external quality assessment. 肿瘤标志物标准化-通过外部质量评估确定的优先事项。

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1210334

Catharine Sturgeon

{"title":"Standardization of tumor markers - priorities identified through external quality assessment.","authors":"Catharine Sturgeon","doi":"10.1080/00365513.2016.1210334","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00365513.2016.1210334","url":null,"abstract":"Tumor markers are often heterogeneous substances that may be present in elevated concentrations in the serum of cancer patients. Typically measured by immunoassay, they contribute to clinical management, particularly in screening, case-finding, prognostic assessment, and post-treatment monitoring. Data both from external quality assessment (EQA) schemes and clinical studies demonstrate significant variation in tumor marker results obtained for the same specimen using different methods. Between-method between-laboratory coefficients of variation (CV) reported by EQA schemes generally reflect the complexity of the measurand, ranging from <5% for the structurally relatively simple α-fetoprotein (AFP) to >25% for the complex mucinous cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Improving the standardization of tumor marker measurements is particularly important for three reasons. The primary use of tumor markers is in monitoring cancer patients over long periods of time. Clinical interpretation of trends may consequently be affected if results are obtained in different laboratories using different methods or if a laboratory has to change method. Differences in results may have major implications for adoption of area-wide decision cut-offs and make implementation of these difficult. Method-related differences also make it difficult to compare clinical studies. Improving comparability of tumor marker results requires broad international agreement about which molecular forms of the measurand have clinical utility, identifying and adopting pure molecular forms as calibrants, and defining antibody specificities for their optimal detection. These aims have been achieved to varying extents for the most frequently measured serum tumor markers as described in this paper. ","PeriodicalId":76518,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum","volume":"245 ","pages":"S94-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34665227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers in melanoma. 黑色素瘤的生物标志物

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-07-28 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1210336

Klaus G Griewank

{"title":"Biomarkers in melanoma.","authors":"Klaus G Griewank","doi":"10.1080/00365513.2016.1210336","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00365513.2016.1210336","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant melanoma remains the skin cancer with the highest number of mortalities worldwide. While early diagnosis and complete surgical excision remain the best possibility for curing disease, prognosis at the stage of metastasis is still poor. Recent years have brought about considerable advances in terms of understanding the pathogenesis of melanoma and treating advanced disease. The discovery of activating BRAF mutations in around 50% of tumors has led to the introduction of targeted therapies downregulating BRAF signaling output. These have been further refined as combination therapies, which by targeting multiple targets have further improved the clinical outcome. A comparable, potentially even superior therapeutic alternative has been the introduction of immunotherapeutic approaches, including PD-1 and CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade therapies. Despite all genetic knowledge acquired in recent years, a clearly applicable prognostic signature of clinical value has not been established. General prognostic assessment of cutaneous melanoma remains based on clinical and pathological criteria (most importantly tumor thickness). The main challenges lying ahead are to establish a reliable prognostic test effectively determining which tumors will metastasize. Additionally establishing biomarkers which will allow patients to be stratified according to the most promising systemic therapy (immunotherapies and/or BRAF inhibitor therapies) is of utmost importance for patients with metastasized disease. Identifying serum biomarkers enabling disease to be monitored as well as determining tumor properties (i.e. resistance) would also be of great value. While initial results have proven promising, there remains much work to be done. ","PeriodicalId":76518,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum","volume":"245 ","pages":"S104-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00365513.2016.1210336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34712837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 73

Serum thyroglobulin in the monitoring of differentiated thyroid cancer. 血清甲状腺球蛋白对分化型甲状腺癌的监测。

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1210339

Carol Evans, Sarah Tennant, Petros Perros

{"title":"Serum thyroglobulin in the monitoring of differentiated thyroid cancer.","authors":"Carol Evans, Sarah Tennant, Petros Perros","doi":"10.1080/00365513.2016.1210339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00365513.2016.1210339","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) usually have an excellent prognosis. Following surgical and radioiodine treatment to remove the cancer cells and suppressive doses of levothyroxine, long-term follow-up, including measurement of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) using a sensitive assay is required to detect recurrence. To interpret Tg results clinicians need to know the corresponding serum TSH concentration, have an appreciation of the clearance of Tg from patient serum following various interventions and the limitations of its measurement. The limitations of Tg immunoassay are well described and include potential interference from TgAb. For the majority of patients with DTC who are TgAb-negative, Tg measurement remains the most useful method of follow-up. For the TgAb-positive minority, interference and the possibility of producing erroneous results is a concern. Some assays are less badly affected than others and laboratories are advised to choose their assays carefully. Laboratories have sought to identify interferences using measurement of TgAb, lack of concordance between RIAs and immunometric assays and recovery of added Tg. More recently LC-MSMS assays to quantify Tg have been developed. They are not currently as sensitive as Tg immunoassays and it is likely these assays will, like immunoassays, be limited by Tg heterogeneity and standardization issues, although initial evaluations indicate that they may have value in the clinical setting as a second line test in antibody-positive DTC patients in whom Tg is unmeasurable by immunoassay. ","PeriodicalId":76518,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum","volume":"245 ","pages":"S119-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00365513.2016.1210339","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34320866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Biomarker discovery: success as a function of risk mitigation. 生物标志物的发现:作为风险缓解功能的成功。

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-07-18 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1206439

Stefan Weiser

引用次数: 0

microRNAs as cancer biomarkers. microRNAs作为癌症生物标志物。

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-09 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1210330

Kjersti Flatmark, Eirik Høye, Bastian Fromm

引用次数: 10

Biomarkers: evaluation of clinical utility in surveillance and early diagnosis for hepatocellular carcinoma. 生物标志物:评估肝细胞癌监测和早期诊断的临床效用。

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1210328

Peipei Song, Qi Tang, Xiaobin Feng, Wei Tang

{"title":"Biomarkers: evaluation of clinical utility in surveillance and early diagnosis for hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Peipei Song, Qi Tang, Xiaobin Feng, Wei Tang","doi":"10.1080/00365513.2016.1210328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00365513.2016.1210328","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the second most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. Strategies to surveil and diagnose HCC in an earlier stage are urgently needed since this is when curable interventions can be offered to achieve long-term disease-free survival. Over the past few decades, research has suggested measuring alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentration and performing abdominal ultrasound (US) as part of routine surveillance of HCC every 6 months for high-risk patients, and many HCC guidelines worldwide have also recommended these examinations. Over the past 5 years, however, the role of serum biomarkers in HCC surveillance and diagnosis has diminished due to advances in imaging modalities. AFP was excluded from the surveillance and/or diagnostic criteria in the HCC guidelines published by some Western countries. In Asian countries, serum biomarkers such as AFP, the Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3), and des-γ-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) are still recommended for HCC surveillance and are being used as an adjunctive diagnostic tool in accordance with HCC guidelines. Moreover, novel biomarkers including Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), midkine (MDK), and microRNA (miRNA) are being studied in this regard. China accounts for 50% of HCC cases worldwide, so identifying biomarkers of HCC is paramount. Recent studies have indicated the clinical utility of simultaneous measurement of AFP and DCP for the early detection of HCC in China. They are predominantly used for cases caused by HBV infection. Additional large-scale prospective studies should be conducted to establish the utility of these biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":76518,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum","volume":"245 ","pages":"S70-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00365513.2016.1210328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34747707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Precision medicine: what's all the fuss about? 精准医疗:大惊小怪的是什么?

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1206434

Richard Barker

引用次数: 7

Quality assurance for multiplexed assays - how can it be achieved? 多重检测的质量保证——如何实现?

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1210335

Larry J Kricka

引用次数: 2

Questions and answers. 问题和答案。

Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1208449

Leslie C Lai, Joseph Lopez, Anders Kallner

引用次数: 0