Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires最新文献

{"title":"[Bronchogenic cysts. A clinical and regional lung function study before and after surgery (author's transl)].","authors":"S Gonda,&nbsp;F Geubelle,&nbsp;J Melon,&nbsp;G Leroux,&nbsp;G Borlee-Hermans","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of regional lung function were performed on two children with bronchogenic cysts before and after surgery. The first patients, aged two, presented with a severe and continuous airflow obstruction leading to significant disturbance of perfusion per unit of alveolar volume; the abnormalities of perfusion were partly reversible when the ventilation was restored after surgery. Patient no 2, aged 10 years, had a voluminous peripheral cyst, which was shown to be ventilated by pulmonary function studies and further confirmed by bronchography. After lobectomy, studies revealed a reduction in the functional pulmonary parenchyma in the right hemithorax. The abnormal distribution of perfusion was still seen two years after the operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":" ","pages":"101-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40723565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Fungal flora in houses (author's transl)].","authors":"M Mallea,&nbsp;M Renard,&nbsp;J Charpin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In certain cases, allergic respiratory phenomena appear to be connected with a particular dwelling place. This observations, if it is not explained by a specific allergen (eg. an animal), raises the possible contribution of domestic moulds. The author shows the results of a study on domestic moulds in 65 houses in the Bouches-du-Rhône by culture on Petri dishes. The species most often detected were Cladosporium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria. In some houses identical fungi were found to those in the atmosphere, in others greater numbers were found inside than outside. The study of fungal spores is of great interest; it gives an idea of their numerical importance which can be considerable; in addition besides those fungi which are present in the routine battery of tests, it may show other species that should perhaps be considered in the diagnostic aetiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":" ","pages":"121-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40723567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pharmacokinetic basis for antibiotic therapy in broncho-pulmonary bacterial infections (author's transl)].","authors":"J Grosset,&nbsp;R Bismuth,&nbsp;J Nguyen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacokinetics is the study of the absorption, distribution and elimination of a drug in the body. Applied to antibiotic therapy it gives information on the concentrations of antibiotic that reach the bacteria at a given time at their site of multiplication for a given dose and route of administration. The future of an antibiotic within a body is largely related to passive transfer. This can be compared to the dialysis of molecules across a semi-permeable membrane, the passage from one side to the other being a function of the concentration of molecules in the \"upstream\" side, the size of the molecules and their own particular transfer speed. The final result is affected by 1) the partition coefficient itself related to the degree of aqueous and lipid solubility of the molecules, 2) the degree of ionisation of the molecules, non-ionised molecules being the only ones to be transferred, 3) protein binding as only the unbound fraction is biologically active and capable of diffusing across the membranes, 4) by the interplay of the combined phenomena of resorption, distribution and elimination. Penicillins and macrolides are the antibiotics of choice in broncho-pulmonary infections. The tetracyclines and the sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim combination come second. The combination of a beta-lactam, an aminoglycoside and/or metronidazole are reserved for the most severe infections. The lung is a particularly well vascularised organ, the pulmonary concentrations of the antibiotic may equal the serum levels. But the concentration in the bronchial secretions only reaches 55% of the serum levels for clindamycin, 25 to 30% for aminoglycosides, minocycline and bacampicillin, 20% for cephalosporins and doxycycline and less than 10% for ampicillin and erythromycin. Only oleandomycine, spiramycin and trimethoprim are present in concentrations equal to those in the serum.</p>","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 3","pages":"195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18128133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Continuous non-invasive monitoring in respiratory resuscitation].","authors":"B Dautzenberg,&nbsp;C Sors","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-invasive methods of monitoring have two principal objectives: --the detection of vital problems requiring immediate treatment : reflex monitoring or type I; --continuous surveillance, as sophisticated as possible, of a large number of parameters which help to predict the outcome either spontaneously or as a result of treatment. These two objectives are reached in different ways according to whether the patients are or are not artificially ventilated. At present it seems that the best compromise between cost, ease of operation, reproducibility and non-invasiveness are obtained by the following techniques: --type I Monitoring (reflex) in patients artificially ventilated : pressure or spirometric alarm; if spontaneously breathing : electrical impedance or simple E.C.G.; --type II Monitoring (or reflection) in patients on ventilators : study of expired CO2, careful analysis of pressure curves, compliance; for those breathing spontaneously : PO2 and PCO2 picked up transcutaneously and possibly impedance of the lungs separately.</p>","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 4","pages":"269-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18149664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The use of MEF 25-75 as an estimate of the amount of infirmity in a presenting obstructive syndrome].","authors":"J Pivetaud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 6","pages":"417-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18177253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Respiratory function research in children and infants].","authors":"C Gaultier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 5","pages":"309-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17868190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Bacteriology of bronchial secretions. Proposals for a practical attitude in bacterial respiratory tract infections].","authors":"E Touaty,&nbsp;C Michelet,&nbsp;F Gerber,&nbsp;R Pariente","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inadequacy of the standard bacteriological method in the study of expectorations is unanimously accepted. Oropharyngeal contamination of specimens largely explains why this examination is a poor index of the causative organisms in bacterial respiratory infections. In a mixed clinical situation with few or non-specific signs of bacterial infection and of variable severity, the physician should answer two questions: 1) Is it a bacterial infection? 2) What is the causative organism? and their corollary: 1) Should one prescribe an antibiotic? 2) Which one? Only culture of blood or pleural fluid allow an accurate reply to these questions in about 50% of cases and they are the indispensable investigations of reference. Initial efforts undertaken to improve the standard examination of expectorations never overcome the stumbling block of oro-pharyngeal contaminations. The bacterial count of expectorated bacteria, a non traumatic method, represents some real progress. In 50% of cases it enables a predominant pathogen to be identified before any antibiotics are given. Bronchoscopy diminishes contamination, allows direct sampling and the inspection and biopsying of bronchial mucosal lesions and aids drainage in very suppurative disorders. Trans-tracheal puncture avoids oropharyngeal contamination in the majority of cases and appears to provide reliable results much more often. A pragmatic approach is recommended according to the clinical picture. Bronchial and limited alveolar infections which are well tolerated, heal without exception on blind antibiotic therapy. In suppurating infections (bronchiectasis, cavitating pneumonias), the yield and the reliability of the examinations are increased. Serious bacterial infections, by their extent or by their site, justify a more aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic attitude. It should be stressed, however, that death caused by inadequate antibiotic therapy remains the exception when one or two successive courses of antibiotics have been prescribed for the pathogens presumed responsible according to the clinical picture or found after one or more bacterial examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 4","pages":"249-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18149663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Acetylation phenotype of isoniazid in Morocco. Preliminary study of 100 cases].","authors":"Z Bouayad,&nbsp;B Chevalier,&nbsp;R Maurin,&nbsp;M Bartal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A preliminary study to determine the acetylator phenotype for Isoniazid was carried out for the first time on 100 patients. A correlation was shown between the blood and urinary methods; 59% were rapid acetylators and 41% slow acetylators, which were similar levels to those found in Black Africa. The predominance of rapid acetylators certainly explains the excellent tolerance of the high dose of INH (10 mg/kg) used in Morocco. If the determination of the acetylator phenotype could not be used systematically in our country, in view of the individual adaptation to the dosage--the dosage might, on the other hand be worked out in a prompt way before toxic signs appear at a dose of 10 mg/kg or under, of INH--thanks to the calculation of the index of inactivation estimated from a single sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 6","pages":"401-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18177250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Small cell bronchial carcinoma. A general review (author's transl)].","authors":"P Ruffié,&nbsp;J L Lejonc,&nbsp;S Kouzan,&nbsp;J Fleury","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 2","pages":"75-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17347226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Human pentastomiasis in Abidjan. A report on 29 cases].","authors":"H Tiendrebeogo,&nbsp;D Levy,&nbsp;D Schmidt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report 29 cases of human pentastomida detected radiologically in the medical thoracic service over 10 years and a fatal case occurring in the paediatric clinic. After a parasitological review of the life cycle and localisation of the pentastomida in man, the epidemiology clinical picture and typical radiological appearance of thoracic and abdominal calcification are discussed. They are always detected by chance and it is the case history which establishes the link between the eating of poorly cooked snakes or their handling. Finally a case is mentioned (which is currently unique in the literature) of a massive fatal septicaemia in a five years old child caused by Armillifer grandis, which poses the problem of the diagnostic difficulty in current clinical practice of this infestation. Since 1973 the disorder can be diagnosed immunologically thanks to the Marseilles school, but it is difficult to achieve in practice. It would only allow an estimation of the frequency of this infestation and to define the clinical features possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":76480,"journal":{"name":"Revue francaise des maladies respiratoires","volume":"10 5","pages":"351-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17356606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}