African Journal of Biochemistry Research最新文献_第8页

Antihyperlipidaemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities of aqueous leaf extract of L. africana in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats 非洲L.叶水提物对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠的降血脂和抗动脉粥样硬化作用

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2016-03-31 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0866

A. Augustine, F. B. M. Togenu, O. Joyce, Felix-Samuel Barisi

{"title":"Antihyperlipidaemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities of aqueous leaf extract of L. africana in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats","authors":"A. Augustine, F. B. M. Togenu, O. Joyce, Felix-Samuel Barisi","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0866","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperlipidaemia is a usual and life threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Consequently, a good anti-diabetic agent should reduce the progression of this complication. In view of this, the anti-hyperlipidaemic and anti-atherogenic activities of aqueous extract of Lasianthera africana was studied in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Extract treatment was administered at a dose of 1ml of 180 mg/ml of extract per kg body weight once daily for three weeks (21 days). Blood samples were collected thereafter by cardiac puncture for the analysis of lipid profile after the rats were exposed to chloroform vapour for 5 min. Results show that extract treatment caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in all lipid parameters analyzed when compared to the diabetic control. The reduction in total cholesterol was more for low density lipoprotein (LDL) (90%) than high density lipoprotein (HDL) (69%) by extract treatment when compared to the diabetic control by 94 and 75 percent respectively. The extract also caused significant (p < 0.05) reduction in cardiac risk ratio (CRR), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the atherogenic coefficient respectively. The result therefore shows that the aqueous extract of L. africana possess anti-hyperlipidaemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities, a justification for its use by ethno-botanist in the treatment of diabetic complications. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Anti-hyperlipidaemia, anti-atherosclerotic, atherogenic coefficient, cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic index of plasma, Lasianthera africana.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"20-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79114688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bio-enrichment of phenolics and free radicals scavenging activity of wheat (WH-711) fractions by solid state fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae 米曲霉固态发酵小麦(WH-711)馏分中酚类物质的生物富集及自由基清除活性研究

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2016-02-29 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0854

J. S. Duhan, K. Mehta, P. K. Sadh, P. Saharan, Surekha

{"title":"Bio-enrichment of phenolics and free radicals scavenging activity of wheat (WH-711) fractions by solid state fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae","authors":"J. S. Duhan, K. Mehta, P. K. Sadh, P. Saharan, Surekha","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0854","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the total phenol content (TPC) and free radicals scavenging activity of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of wheat (WH-711) fractions (grain, bran and flour) fermented with Aspergillus oryzae (MTCC 3107). Maximum TPC (1469.35 ± 4.5, 1426.44 ± 5.5 and 1268.91 ± 5.3) was obtained in methanolic extracts as compared to ethanolic extracts (1368.65 ± 3.5, 1155.46 ± 4.7 and 1314.17 ± 5.6 respectively) of wheat bran, grain and flour on the 5th day of fermentation. The free radical-scavenging activity of ethanolic extracts of fermented wheat grain, flour and bran was found to be maximum (62.68 ± 0.49, 32.87 ± 0.71 and 43.89 ± 0.88 %, respectively) whereas methanolic extracts of wheat grain and flour was 59.67 ± 0.78 and 28.52 ± 0.56 %, respectively on 5th day of incubation using DPPH assay. Free radical-scavenging activity (71.30 ± 0.36%) of wheat bran was significantly higher than that of fermented grain and flour on the 2nd day of incubation. Likewise in ABTS assay, wheat bran extracted with ethanol and methanol showed higher inhibition (28.48 ± 0.62 and 43.55 ± 0.72%) on 5th day of incubation than to the fermented grain and flour. Among all the three fractions, methanolic extract of fermented wheat bran has the highest TPC and hence has highest free radical scavenging activity. Total phenolic contents, DPPH and ABTS+ radicals scavenging activity of wheat fractions were significantly correlated (P<0.01) which provide the strong evidence that the antioxidant activity in wheat fractions was derived from phenolic compounds. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Antioxidant activity, wheat, solid state fermentation, Aspergillus oryzae.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73531824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Effect of kidney bean consumption on some lipid and haematological parameters of albino rats 食用芸豆对白化大鼠血脂及血液学指标的影响

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0839

O. T. Olanipekun, E. Balogun, O. Akinloye, S. Omotainse

{"title":"Effect of kidney bean consumption on some lipid and haematological parameters of albino rats","authors":"O. T. Olanipekun, E. Balogun, O. Akinloye, S. Omotainse","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0839","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated changes in cholesterol levels and haematological parameters of rats subjected to diets supplemented with kidney bean seeds. The seeds were processed in three parts; the first part was milled raw; the second part was boiled, dried and milled; third part was germinated, dried and milled. The kidney bean seed flour was incorporated into the diet of different groups of rats at 10% inclusion. Thirty male rats were assigned into 5 groups (n=6); and fed for 30 days: A-normal diet, no cholesterol; B, normal diet + cholesterol; C, cholesterol diet+ raw kidney bean; D, cholesterol diet+ boiled kidney bean; E, cholesterol diet+ germinated kidney bean. At the end of the feeding trial, the rats were sacrificed; blood was taken from the jugular vein to determine some lipid and haematological parameters. The values for the plasma lipid profile for rats in groups D and E were significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of the control; TC (122.26 ± 0.30 and 120.20 ± 0.12 vs 136.82±0.37 mg/dl); TAG (102.72 ± 0.22 and 100.37 ± 0.37 vs 113.98 ± 0.16 mg/dl); LDLC (56.89 ± 0.24 and 44.00 ± 0.12 vs 74.45 ± 0.31 mg/dl); phospholipids (143.66 ± 0.81 and 145.11 ± 0.55 vs 154.39 ± 0.22 mg/dl), the same groups had significantly higher values (p<0.05) of HDLC (46.03±0.34 and 57.04±0.34 vs 39.11±0.46 mg/dl). Similar trend was found in the liver tissue. Haematological values were significantly higher (p<0.05) in groups D and E rats than in control, PCV (43.60±0.25 and 44.00±0.32 vs 37.80±0.20) %; Hb (14.14±0.05 and14.58±0.04 vs12.20±0.06) mg/dl; RBC (5.82±0.07 and 6.01±0.04 vs 5.02±0.01) x109/L; MCV (75.17±0.62 and 78.78±0.36 vs 67.37±0.55) fl. Processed kidney bean based diet could reduce cholesterol concentrations in plasma and liver of rats and improve their haematological parameters. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Kidney bean, cholesterol, lipid parameters, haematology, plasma, liver.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74920087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulation in membrane lipids of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in response to varying NaCl concentrations 不同NaCl浓度对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌膜脂的调节作用

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0830

O. Victor, Sanni David Morakinyo, O. Theophilus

{"title":"Modulation in membrane lipids of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in response to varying NaCl concentrations","authors":"O. Victor, Sanni David Morakinyo, O. Theophilus","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0830","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of varying NaCl concentrations on membrane lipids of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus cultivated at 37°C was studied. Lipid profiles of the membrane extracts were resolved by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using polar and neutral lipids solvent systems, with their fatty acid constituents determined via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Polar lipids identified were cardiolipin, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphati-dylglycerol, while neutral lipids for both microorganisms were steryl-esters, triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and monoacylglycerols at the different NaCl concentrations of growth however triacylglycerol was not detected in S. aureus at 3% NaCl. Fatty acids for E. coli were C15:0, C16:0 and C18:1 at 0% NaCl but C16:2 was also detected at 3% NaCl. S. aureus fatty acids were C13:0, C14:0, C16:0 and C18:1 for 0% NaCl while at 3% NaCl, additional fatty acids observed include C12:0, C15:0 and C16:1. The lipids expressed were relatively similar; however, their fatty acids differed in constituents and abundance. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: NaCl concentration, lipid profiles, fatty acids, membranes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84314645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production and antioxidant activity of alcoholic beverages made from various colored rice and wild rice 各种彩米和野生米制酒的生产及其抗氧化活性

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2015-12-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0860

Ryo Takeshita, Noriaki Saigusa, Y. Teramoto

{"title":"Production and antioxidant activity of alcoholic beverages made from various colored rice and wild rice","authors":"Ryo Takeshita, Noriaki Saigusa, Y. Teramoto","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0860","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop a new type of alcoholic beverage with antioxidant activity, the authors carried out this research. In this study, alcoholic beverages were made from unpolished black rice, unpolished red rice, unpolished green rice, polished white rice and unpolished wild rice using conventional cooked fermentation and economical uncooked fermentation system. The resulting alcoholic beverages made from cooked and uncooked rice grains had an ethanol concentration of approximately 11.0 to 13.8% (v/v). Alcoholic beverages made from various grains had antioxidant activity. Especially, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of the alcoholic beverages made from black rice, red rice and wild rice were relatively higher as compared to other alcoholic beverages. On the other hand, the inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation of the alcoholic beverages made from wild rice using cooked and uncooked fermentation system was higher than that of the other alcoholic beverages. From these results, the possibility of new types of alcoholic beverages with antioxidant activity was suggested. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Antioxidant activity, fermentation, colored rice, wild rice.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83343726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Extraction, fractionation and assessment of antioxidant activities of active components of Aframomum sceptrum seeds 荆荆种子有效成分的提取、分离及抗氧化活性评价

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2015-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0846

Nwankwo Patience Okwuchi

{"title":"Extraction, fractionation and assessment of antioxidant activities of active components of Aframomum sceptrum seeds","authors":"Nwankwo Patience Okwuchi","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0846","url":null,"abstract":"A simple procedure of extraction, fractionation and assessment of organoleptic and antioxidant properties of Aframomum sceptrum seeds was carried out, and the results were compared with a currently used synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT). Extraction was carried out using Soxhlet extractor and fractionation of the ethanolic extract was accomplished using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC). Various fractions of the ethanolic extract were obtained but similar fractions were pooled together to yield six fractions (F1-F6) as guided by thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. Fractions obtained were subjected to sensory, chemical, spectroscopic and storage assessment in order to evaluate their antioxidant potentials. Sensory characterization and antioxidant storage tests showed that fractions F4 and F5 had non-bitter taste and yellow colour in contrast to bitter taste and dark brown colour of the crude extract. Statistical analysis (P= 0.05) showed that the antioxidant effectiveness (AE) of the fractionated extracts F4 and F5 were 62.57 and 59.13% for groundnut oil and 64.50 and 62.91% for red palm oil, respectively, and compared favourably with the standard synthetic antioxidant used. The fractions can be used to extend the shelf life of food products. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Spices, fractionated extracts, antioxidant effectiveness, active components, sensory and spectroscopic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"262 1","pages":"117-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76264125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Nitrate contents in some vegetable leaves in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria 尼日利亚索科托大都市一些蔬菜叶片的硝酸盐含量

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2015-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0865

A. Abdullahi, J. Usman, S. Muazu, Y. Abba, M. K. Ibrahim

引用次数: 1

Comparative effects of peel extract from Nigerian grown citrus on body weight, liver weight and serum lipids in rats fed a high-fat diet 尼日利亚柑橘皮提取物对高脂饲料大鼠体重、肝脏重量和血脂的影响

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2015-10-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0856

J. Ezekwesili-Ofili, N. C. Gwacham

{"title":"Comparative effects of peel extract from Nigerian grown citrus on body weight, liver weight and serum lipids in rats fed a high-fat diet","authors":"J. Ezekwesili-Ofili, N. C. Gwacham","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0856","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of ethanolic extracts of five different citrus peels on mean body and liver weight and serum lipid content were investigated in albino rats. Six groups (n=8 each) were fed with a high fat diet for seven days ad libitum before oral daily administration of the peel extracts of orange (OR), lemon (LE), lime (LI), tangerine (TA), grapefruit (GR) and synergistic combination of equal ratios (w/w), that is, (SY), respectively at a dose of 500 mg / kg body weight for 14 days. The positive control group received only the high fat diet (HFD), while the negative control group received only a standard diet (STD). The body weights of the animals were monitored every two days and the animals were sacrificed after the 7th and 14th days of or following the administration of the extracts. All the parameters increased in the positive control group (HFD) compared to the negative control (STD) group. Body and liver weights decreased in all treated groups, as well as serum cholesterol and triglycerides, which decreased significantly in SY and GR groups, p < 0.05. All extracts contained mainly flavonoids and alkaloids while the grapefruit peel extract contained additional saponins that could contribute to the reduction in both body weight and serum lipid content. Conclusively, peel extract from different types of Nigerian citrus which ordinarily serve as waste may synergistically be used to control and manage obesity and associated pathologies. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Citrus peel, high fat diet, obesity, serum lipids, liver and body weight.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"57 4 1","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90679241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Production of bacterial amylases and cellulases using sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas. (L.) Lam.) peels 利用甘薯生产细菌淀粉酶和纤维素酶。(l)Lam)皮

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2015-10-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0841

Olanbiwoninu Afolake Atinuke, Fasiku Samuel

引用次数: 10

Association of single nucleotide polymorphism of Hsp90ab1 gene with thermotolerance and milk yield in Sahiwal cows Sahiwal奶牛Hsp90ab1基因单核苷酸多态性与耐热性和产奶量的关系

African Journal of Biochemistry Research Pub Date : 2015-09-30 DOI: 10.5897/AJBR2015.0837

L. Sailo, I. D. Gupta, A. Verma, Ramendra Das, M. Chaudhari

{"title":"Association of single nucleotide polymorphism of Hsp90ab1 gene with thermotolerance and milk yield in Sahiwal cows","authors":"L. Sailo, I. D. Gupta, A. Verma, Ramendra Das, M. Chaudhari","doi":"10.5897/AJBR2015.0837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBR2015.0837","url":null,"abstract":"Heat shock proteins play a critical role in the development of thermotolerance and protection from cellular damage associated with heat stresses. The study was undertaken to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Hsp90ab1 gene with thermo-physiological parameters viz, respiration rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) and total milk yield in Sahiwal cows. The RR and RT were recorded once in different seasons, viz., winter, spring, and summer, at the probable extreme hot hours of the day. Polymorphism of Hsp90ab1 gene, evaluated by comparative sequencing revealed five SNPs, viz., T17871421C, C17871485del, C17872061T, T17872112C and T17872148G. Individuals with CT genotype recorded significantly (P≤0.01) lower RT (°C) than CC genotype in Sahiwal cows. The CT genotype animals also had better production parameter in terms of total milk yield (TMY) (P<0.01). Therefore, our results inferred that CT genotype in Sahiwal cows may be an aid to selection and breeding to enhance thermo-tolerance. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Hsp90ab1, SNPs, respiration rate, rectal temperature, total milk yield, Sahiwal.","PeriodicalId":7631,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biochemistry Research","volume":"98 1","pages":"99-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73257287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14