Parazitologiia最新文献

{"title":"[The number of larvae and period of its production of Cosmocerca Ornata females (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae)].","authors":"N Y Kirillova,&nbsp;A A Kirillov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of larvae in the Cosmocerca ornata (Dujardin, 1845) females from marsh\u0000frogs in vivo and period of larvae production of nematodes in vitro was studied. The number\u0000of larvae in females of nematodes and quantity of born larvae depend on the size of parasites.\u0000The largest C. ornata females had the highest number of larvae and the longest period\u0000of larvae production. The nematode sizes in its turn depends on density of infrapopulation\u0000of C. ornata and ambient temperature. The dependence of a number of the C. ornata\u0000larvae on the host age and sex and on a season of the year was revealed. Different phenotypes\u0000of amphibians showed no influence on the number of larvae inside nematode females.\u0000In the experiment C. ornata females remained viable up to 8 days, producing larvae up to\u00007 days. The optimum temperature for the larvae production constituted 24—28 °C. At a\u0000temperature of 12 °C and lower the nematode larvae output from females was stopped.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"51 1","pages":"22-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35793472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A case of the tick (Ixodidae) hiperinvasion of the tundra vole in magadan environs].","authors":"N E Dokuchaev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A case of tundra vole death as a result its hyperinvasion by ticks Ixodes angustus on the northern periphery of the Asiatic range of the parasite is given.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"51 1","pages":"45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35793474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Infection of the pacific saury Cololabis saira by acanthocephalans in the Kuril Islands area].","authors":"I I Gordeev,&nbsp;I V Grigorov,&nbsp;P K Afanasyev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Pacific saury Cololabis saira (Brevoort, 1856) is one of the important target species of commercial fisheries. Food manufacturers and consumers encounter problems due to the infection of the saury by acanthocephalans, which are quite difficult to clean out completely during on-board catch processing. Infection of C. saira was not studied on a regular basis, therefore, our knowledge about the parasites of saury is fragmentary. This paper contains infection indices (only acanthocephalans) of the Pacific saury caught in the Kuril Islands area (Russian Exclusive Economic Zone) in 2015.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"51 1","pages":"51-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35793477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Exoskeleton anomalies among taiga tick males from populations of the Asiatic part of Russia].","authors":"A Ya Nikitin,&nbsp;I M Morozov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The taiga tick (Icodes persulcatus, Schulze, 1930) is the main and most epidemiologically dangerous vector of tick-born encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Borrelia in most parts of Russia's territory (Alekseev et al., 2008). The purpose of this article is to describe the incidence rate of I. persulcatus males with exoskeleton anomalies in populations of the Asiatic part of Russia. A total of 2630 taiga tick males were morphologically analyzed. They were collected in Far Eastern, Siberian and Ural Federal Districts (respectively, FEFD, SFD, UFD) in 15 geographically remote locations. It is shown that in all populations there are adult ticks with impaired exoskeleton, among which two types dominate: twin dents at the back of conscutum (P11), and uneven surface of conscutum - a \"shagreen skin\" (P9). The frequency of abnormalities in males from the areas with temperate monsoon and temperate continental climate (FEFD) was definitely lower (6.5 ± 1.05 %), than in individuals from the territories of SFD (29.7 ± 1.03 %) and UFD (25.8 ± 3.93 %) with continental and sharply continental climate. FEFD territory is also characterized by a less number of males having two simultaneous exoskeleton anomalies. Similar district-preconditioned differences in the frequency of recorded body distortions are also typical of females, with a higher percentage of deviant individuals in comparison with males. Thus, the identified polymorphism of exoskeleton structure of the taiga tick may reflect the natural phenogeographical variability of this trait and might not be the result of human impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"51 1","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35793473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Phenotypic and genetic changes of entomopathogenic ascomycete Beauveria Bassiana under passaging through various hosts].","authors":"V Yu Kryukov,&nbsp;U N Rotskaya,&nbsp;O N Yaroslavtseva,&nbsp;E A Elisaphenko,&nbsp;B A Duisembekov,&nbsp;V V Glupov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phenotypic and genetic estimations of entomopathogenic ascomycete B.bassiana (strain\u0000Sar-31) after 6-passaging through four hosts were shown. Increasing of virulence, changes\u0000in morpho-cultural characteristics and variations in Inter Simple Sequence Repeats\u0000(ISSR) assay between initial and reisolated cultures were registered.\u0000Six passages of entomopathogenic ascomycete Beauveria bassiana (strain Sar-31)\u0000through four hosts (Galleria mellonella, Tenebrio molitor, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Locusta\u0000migratoria) and following estimation of phenotypic and genetic differences of the\u0000initial strain and reisolated cultures were conducted. The passaging of strain through certain\u0000host led to increasing of virulence for both this host and other test-insects. Unidirectional\u0000changes of morpho-cultural characteristics: colonies pigmentation and relief strengthening,\u0000increasing of conidia production and lipolytic activity were registered in all passaged\u0000cultures. Genetic analysis with 6 ISSR markers revealed variations between initial and reisolated\u0000cultures in 3 markers. Taken together, the results of this study help us understand\u0000potential ways of fungi strains changes during epizootic process and possibilities of ISSR\u0000assay applying for investigation of pathogen transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"51 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35795043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The simplest \"field\" methods for extractin of nematodes from plants, wood, insects and soil, with additional description how to keep extracted nematodes alive for a long time.","authors":"A Yu Ryss","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The simplest modification of the dynamic extraction method using cottonwool filter based on the Baermann funnel principle, is described. This modification excludes the funnel because a great share of Sticky worms attach to sloping walls of a funnel and thus do not reach the collector Eppendorf tube. But the main principle of the Baermann funnel is used, I. e. sinking down of actively moving heavy narrow bodies via wide holes of filter and thus separating the active worms from passive non-Brownian moving substrate particles, which do not pass the filter and remain above it. This principle is illustrated because it has never been described before. In the proposed modification any sloping walls in the extraction paths are excluded and thus the probability to attach sticky nemotodes to walls is also excluded; only cylindrical equipment with abrupt vertical walls is used; procedures are extremely simplified to be user-friendly for beginners: only filter (cotton pads), Eppendorf tubes, plastic glasses and narrow PVC tubing are applied. The new simplified modification allows one to collect nematodes by non-professional workers, e. g. in Polar expeditions without microscopic study of results. As an addition, an efficient method to maintain extracted nematodes alive is proposed, using the \"effect of water film\" in foam rubber inside the Eppendorf tube. To maintain nematodes alive during several months it is recommended to suppress bacteria via addition of 0.2-0.4% formaldehyde solution and then keep the tube with nematodes in a refrigerator.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"51 1","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35793478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Morphology of Cestode with Atypical Mode of Attachment].","authors":"N A Pospekhova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphological features of R a u s c h i ta e n ia a n c o ra (Mamaev, 1959), a cestode with atypical\u0000mode of attachment («anchoring» in the wall of the host intestine), are considered. At\u0000I he center of the overgrown scolex there is a rostellum, size of which is close to that of the\u0000developed metacestode. Large suckers are composed mainly of loose parenchyma and fine\u0000radial muscle fibers. Fragments of host tissue are noted in the suckers’ cavity. Surface of\u0000I he scolex is covered with large microtriches, which are in contact with the host tissue having\u0000signs of degradation. Distal cytoplasm is filled with vesicles coming from tegumental\u0000cytons. Rostellar glands that are common to cyclophyllids are not found. Excretory canals\u0000contain fluid (closer to the surface) and numerous lipid droplets (deeper located canals).</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"51 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35795044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[FLEAS (SIPHONAPTERA) OF MAMMALS AND BIRDS IN THE CISCAUCASIA].","authors":"B K Kotti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flea fauna of Ciscaucasia is represented by 76 species, 13 of which are associated with\u0000birds and all the other with mammals. Rodent parasites are most numerous; fleas associated\u0000with predators, bats and insectivora are less abundant. Fleas parasitize on different species\u0000of birds of the orders Passeriformes, Anseriformes, Falconiformes, and Strigiformes.\u0000Among 41 flea genera known from the Caucasus, species of the genera Amalaraeus, Araeopsylla,\u0000Atyphloceras, Caenopsylla, Callopsvlla, Doratopsvlla, Paraneopsvlla, Peromyscopsylla,\u0000Phaenopsylla, Tarsopsylla, and Wagnerina are absent in the Ciscaucasia. Only\u0000two subendemic species were revealed in this area. Thirty three flea species are distributed\u0000over the entire territory; the distribution of other species is limited to landscapes of one or\u0000two natural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"50 6","pages":"460-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35624493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[THE SYSTEM OF XENOBIOTICS BIOTRANSFORMATION OF HELMINTHS. RESEMBLANCE AND DIFFERENSES FROM SIMILAR HOST SYSTEMS (REWEW)].","authors":"L P Smirnov,&nbsp;E V Borvinskaya,&nbsp;I V Suhovskaya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The three phases system xenobiotic biotransformation in cells as prokaryotes as eukaryotes\u0000was formed during the process of evolution. Clear and managed function of all three\u0000links of this system guarantee the survival of living organisms at alteration of chemical\u0000component of environment. Oxidation, reduction or hydrolysis of xenobiotics realize in\u0000phase I by insertion or opening reactive and hydrophilic groups in structure of drug molecule.\u0000In phase II xenobiotics or their metabolites from phase I conjugate with endogenic\u0000compounds, main of there are glutathione, glucuronic acid, amino acids and sulphates.\u0000Active transport of substrata, metabolites and conjugates through cell lipid membranes\u0000special transport proteins carry out (phase III).\u0000The system of xenobiotics biotransformation of helminths has essential differences\u0000from the same of vertebrate hosts. In particular, parasites do not reveal the activity of prime\u0000oxidases of phase I, such as CYP or FMO, in spite of the genes of these enzymes in\u0000DNA. As this phenomenon displays mainly in adult helminths, living in guts of vertebrates,\u0000then the hypothesis was formulated that this effect is related with adaptation to conditions\u0000of strong deficiency of oxygen, arise in a process of evolution (Kotze et al., 2006).\u0000Literature data testify the existence in helminths of unique forms of enzymes of phase\u0000II, the investigation of which present doubtless interest in relation with possible role in\u0000adaptation to parasitic mode of life. Notwithstanding that many of helminths GST in greater\u0000or lesser degree similar with enzymes of M, P, S and О classes of other organisms, nevertheless\u0000they have essential structural differences as compared with enzymes of hosts\u0000that makes perspective the search of specific anthelminthics vaccines.\u0000Transport of xenobiotics is now considered phase III of biotransformation. It was\u0000shown that proteins of this phase (ATP binding cassette transporters (ABC ) of parasites)\u0000play a key role in efflux of lipophilic xenobiotics, hydrophilic metabolites and conjugates\u0000and take part in forming of anthelminthics resistance. Some of these transporters, such as\u0000P-glycoprotein (Pgp), are important for drug resistance of helminths. In particular, a correlation\u0000between the level of expression of Pgp and resistance of S. mansoni and F. hepatica\u0000to widely used anthelminthics as praziquantel and triclabendazol exist.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"50 6","pages":"432-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35624977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[PARASITES FAUNA OF THE LAKE KRONOTSKOE CHARRS (SALVELINUS), KAMCHATKA].","authors":"O Yu Busarova,&nbsp;R Knudsen,&nbsp;G N Markevich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The new data on the parasites fauna of the Lake Kronotskoe sympatric charr forms (genus\u0000Salvelinus (Nilsson) Richardson, 1836) is presented. Parasites fauna of Bigmouth and\u0000Smallmouth charr forms are described for the first time. The information about Longhead\u0000charr, Nosed charr and White charr parasites is added. 29 species of parasites from 9 classes\u0000were found: Oligohymenophorea, Myxosporea, Monogenea, Trematoda, Cestoda, Nematoda,\u0000Acantocephala, Crustacea and Hirudinea. Longhead charr was the most intensively\u0000infected by Proteocephalus longicollis (Zeder, 1800) (abundance 306.0) and Neoechinorhynchus\u0000salmonis Ching, 1984 (abundance 230.0). White charr was mostly infected by\u0000Crepidostomum Braun, 1900 (abundance 242.2) and P. longicollis (abundance 183.4). Nosed\u0000charr group that feed on gammarids was infected mostly by Crepidostomum spp.\u0000(abundance 3461.3), Cyathocephalus truncatus (Pallas, 1781) (abundance 179.9) and Cystidicola\u0000farionis Fisher, 1798 (abundance 169.0); while Chironomidae consumers group\u0000was infected mostly by Diplostomum Nordmann, 1832 (abundance 62.3) and Phyllodistomum\u0000umblae (Fabricius, 1780) (abundance 27.3). Bigmouth charr was infected mostly by\u0000P. longicollis (abundance 17.0) and Eubolhrium salvelini Schrank, 1790 (abundance 11.0),\u0000Smallmouth charr form — by P. longicollis (abundance 67.0) and Diplostomum sp. (abundance\u000064.2). Sympatric flock of charrs form the Lake Kronotskoe (Kamchatka) is the most\u0000polymorphic for the genus Salvelinus in Eurasia. According to the parasitological analysis\u0000this flock consists six ecological forms.</p>","PeriodicalId":76305,"journal":{"name":"Parazitologiia","volume":"50 6","pages":"409-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35624491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}