Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Waste Snake Molt as a Delivery System and in Vitro Release of D-Panthenol","authors":"Betül Aktaş, Lalehan Akyüz, Murat Kaya","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1298383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1298383","url":null,"abstract":"Kolajen, ipek ve keratin gibi biyomoleküller sahip oldukları birçok eşsiz özellikleri sayesinde yara iyileştirme ve ilaç taşıma sistemleri olarak medikal alanda sıkça tercih edilmektedir. Özellikle tüy, toynak, saç ve yünde bulunan, güçlü bir yapısal protein olan keratin bazlı materyaller, nantoksik ve biyouyumlu olmalarından dolayı ilaç salımı amaçlı tercih edilmektedir. Fakat yapısal protein olarak keratin içeren yılan gömleği için ilaç salımı üzerine herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Kontrollü ilaç salımı, terapötik ajanlardan maksimum fayda sağlanması, minimum zarar görülmesi ve hasta konforu açısından oldukça önemlidir. Mevcut çalışmada, yüksek keratin içeriğine sahip ve oldukça geniş bir yayılım gösteren Dolichophis caspius’ un (Hazer yılanı, bozyörük) atık gömleği ilk kez ilaç taşıyıcı biyomalzeme olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hiçbir işlem görmemiş atık yılan derisinin dorsal ölçek, ventral ölçek ve menteşe olmak üzere üç farklı kısmına, yara iyileşmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan D-Panthenol yüklenmiş ve salım özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Sırasıyla dorsal ölçek, ventral ölçek ve menteşe kısımları için ortalama ilaç yükleme kapasiteleri: %2,07±0,13, %1,28±0,04, %1,77±0,95 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Salım 24 saat boyunca her saat başı örnek alınıp ölçüm yapılarak izlenmiştir. İlk 1 saatte dorsal ölçekte ilacın %46.67’si, ventral ölçekte %80.09’u ve menteşe kısmında %69.85’i salınmıştır. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak özellikle dorsal ölçek kısmının ileriki çalışmalarda geliştirilerek kontrollü ilaç salımı için potansiyel bir biyomalzeme olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation of chemical content and heavy metal levels in raw milk","authors":"Sena Özbay","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1244032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1244032","url":null,"abstract":"Aksaray province is an important raw milk supplier for the dairy industry. In this respect, it is important to examine the milk quality of the region. In this case, milk was collected over a nine-month period from 413 cows at seven distinct locations in three different seasons. The percentages of fat, lactose, protein, dry matter, somatic cells, and the levels of heavy metals like arsenic, aluminum, cadmium, lead, and nickel were examined. All of these components and their levels of seasonal variations in milk were also researched. \u0000Considering the average values of the parameters of the milk collected from all farms evaluated within the scope of the study, significant changes were detected. Significant changes were observed for fat, lactose, total solids, somatic cells, arsenic, aluminum, nickel, cadmium and lead. Only the protein value did not change depending on the seasons. The details of the changes on the basis of farms are also examined in the study.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81536896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Denizel Doğal Süngerlerden Elde Edilen Biyosilikanın Doku Mühendisliğinde Kullanımı","authors":"Bahar AKYÜZ YILMAZ, Murat Kaya","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1314603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1314603","url":null,"abstract":"Geleneksel olarak kullanılan malzemelerin, toksik olması, düşük biyouyumluluğu ve yüksek maliyetinden dolayı biyolojik temelli materyallerin kemik doku uygulamaları için kullanımı son yıllarda oldukça rağbet görmektedir. Özellikle biyosilika bu malzemelerin en bilinenidir. Dünya genelinde 31 omurgasız canlı türü vardır ve Porifera (Süngerler) yapısında yüksek miktarda biyosilika içeren omurgasız canlılardan biridir. Bu çalışmada denizel süngerlerin kemik doku hasarı tedavisi amaçlı kullanımı üzerine son yıllarda gerçekleştirilmiş çalışmalar özetlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, biyolojik temelli olan silikanın doku hasarını giderimi için doğal 3 boyutlu iskele yapısı, hidroksiapatit oluşumu, minarelleşme ve proliferasyonu arttırıcı özelliklerinden dolayı yakın zamanda biyomedikal alanda yaygın olarak kullanılacağı öngörülmektedir.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79907337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling Of Domestic Gray Water","authors":"Ayşenur Özgün, Yasemin DAMAR ARİFOĞLU","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1213829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1213829","url":null,"abstract":"Su kaynaklarının azalmasına karşın hızla artan su gereksinimlerini sağlamak için gri suların arıtılması ve yeniden kullanılması amaçlanmaktadır. İçme sularının korunması için, gri suların arıtılarak geri kazanılması alternatif bir kaynak oluşturmaktadır. Duşlardan, banyo ve mutfak lavabolarından, çamaşır ve bulaşık makinelerinden gelen gri sular evsel atık suyun büyük bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Gri sular toplam kirletici yükünü düşük miktarda içermektedir. Tuvalet harici atık suları içeren gri sular toplam evsel su kullanımının % 55-80’lik kısmını oluşturmaktadır. \u0000Bu çalışmada kullanılan gri su, Kocaeli İl’i İzmit İlçesi’nde 6 daireden oluşan 20-24 kişilik konuttan temin edilmiştir. Çeşitli gri su geri dönüşüm arıtma teknolojileri arasında AKR (Ardışık Kesikli Reaktör), gri sudan çözünmüş askıda katı madde ve nutrient gideriminin azaltılmasında etkili bir arıtma tekniğidir. Gri suyu arıtmak için laboratuar ölçekli bir AKR pilot tesis olarak tasarlanmıştır. Belirlenen hidrolik sürelerde su örnekleri toplanmış ve KOİ (Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı), AKM (Askıda Katı Madde), bulanıklık, çözünmüş oksijen (ÇO), pH, iletkenlik, azot, fosfor, parametrelerinin analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, KOİ, AKM, fosfor, azot ve bulanıklık için ortalama verim hesabı sırasıyla %72, %99, %86, %56 ve %99 olarak hesaplanmıştır.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73138178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Statistical Optimization of Multigrain Flakes","authors":"S. Olorunsogo, B. Adejumo","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1087727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1087727","url":null,"abstract":"Flakes are instant breakfast meals, primarily produced from mono-cereals (corn, wheat, rice, and/or oats), processed with added flavor and fortified with vitamins and minerals. They are one of the several forms of cold cereals that are consumed immediately after mixing with milk, yogurt, or fruit. In this study, value-added instant flakes were developed, characterized and optimized; from blends of corn, millet, and soybean. A three-component constrained optimal (custom) mixture experimental design, with 30 randomized experimental runs, was employed for the formulation. The formulation design constraints were: corn flour millet flour and soybean flour Other components of the formulation, which were kept constant, are: water (19%), sugar (8%), malt (2%), egg (3%), sweet potato extract (3%), ginger (2%), and moringa seed powder (3%). The formulated flakes were analyzed and evaluated for the proximate, physicochemical and sensory characteristics using standard procedures. The result of the numerical optimization gave optimized instant flakes with overall desirability index of 0.637, based on the set optimization goals and individual quality desirability indices. The optimal instant flake was obtained from 30.5 % corn flour, 11.2 % millet flour, 18.3 % soybean meal. The quality properties of this optimal instant flake were: 1.83 % moisture content, 9.05 % fat content, 1.74 % ash content, 2.66 % crude fibre, 38.0 % crude protein, 46.7 % carbohydrate, 420 kcal energy value and 6.28 overall acceptability. The result of the study showed that the formulated instant flakes was of high quality and that improving nutritional quality of flakes is possible through grain-to-grain composite formulation. It is recommended that further study be carried out on formulation of nutritionally improved instant flakes using other nutritionally rich grains and legumes such as groundnut, seasame seed, melon seed etc. Enrichment of flakes with protein-rich sources will result in flakes product with improved nutrient quality that meets the consumer’s dietary needs.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79294350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE USABILITY OF KIRŞEHİR REGION MARBLES AS MICRONIZED CALCITE","authors":"G. Ekincioğlu, Zeynel Başıbüyük, Furkan Büyükbayrak, İlkay KAYDU AKBUDAK","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1179592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1179592","url":null,"abstract":"Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to determine the potential micronized calcite fields in the Kırşehir region and to bring these fields to industries such as paper, paint, ceramics, plastic, agriculture and livestock in the future. The mineralogical petrographic, geochemical and color analyzes were carried out on samples taken from 7 different regions in the study area. With geochemical analysis, the values of the samples such as CaCO3, SiO2 and Fe2O3, as well as the whiteness degrees were determined as a result of color analysis. According to the results obtained, MK-1, MK-2, MK-3, MK-4, MK-5, MK-6 regions have provided the necessary values for the paint, paper and plastic industry. However, considering the impurities of CaCO3, Fe2O3 and MgO, it has been determined that they are not in the required standards for the ceramic industry. MK-7 region, on the other hand, has been observed to meet the criteria of the agriculture and livestock sector. The MK-7 region, where the regions were evaluated in terms of whiteness values, was found to be suitable only for the agriculture and livestock sector, and it was determined that the other regions met the criteria of the paint, paper, plastic and ceramic sectors.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87275792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical Modelling and Optimization of Value-Added Powdered Yoghourt","authors":"S. Olorunsogo, B. Adejumo, Helen Ji̇moh","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1087607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1087607","url":null,"abstract":"Yoghurt is one of the most popular fermented dairy products with wide acceptance worldwide due to its nutritional and health benefits. However, the commercial production of yoghurt has been limited due to the poor quality stability in storage. The present study is concerned with development and characterization of value-added foam-mat dried yoghurt powder. The effects of different ingredient formulation and processing parameters on some selected nutritional and functional properties of the developed yoghurt were evaluated. A four-component, six-processing parameters, constrained D-optimal mixture-process experimental design, with 59 randomized experimental runs, was employed. The formulation design constraints were: raw yoghurt (constant), moringa seed extract (5% ≤ ≤ 13%), ginger extract, (5% ≤ ≤ 13%), and foaming agent (2% ≤ ≤ 7%). The design constraints of the processing parameters investigated were: pasteurization temperature (50°C ≤ ≤ 80°C), pasteurization duration (5min ≤ ≤ 30min), fermentation duration (5hr ≤ ≤ 10hr), mixing duration (2 min ≤ ≤ 10 min), drying temperature (50°C ≤ ≤ 80°C), and drying duration (2hrs ≤ ≤ 5hrs). Quality properties evaluated include moisture content, ash content, crude protein, fat content, carbohydrate content, pH, total titer acid, total lactic acid bacteria and fungi counts. Data collected were analyzed using Design Expert 11.0.0 software package. Model equations were developed to adequately relate the quality indices to the mixture component proportions and processing parameters. The adequacy of the model equations were evaluated statistically. The effects of the components formulation proportions and processing parameters on the nutritional quality of the foam-mat dried powdered yoghurt were studied and the optimum conditions for the production of foam-mat dried yoghurt were obtained. Numerical optimization, via desirability technique was utilized to determine the optimum formulation conditions for the foam-mat dried yoghurt. The result of optimization of the formulated foam-mat dried yoghurt gave optimized foam-mat dried yoghurt with overall desirability index of 0.514, based on the set optimization goals and individual quality desirability indices. The optimal foam-mat dried yoghurt was gotten from 80 % raw yoghurt, 13 % moringa seed extract, 5 % ginger extract, and 2 % foaming agent. The optimized processing conditions are: pasteurization temperature, 30 minutes pasteurization duration, 10 hours fermentation duration, 10 minutes mixing duration, drying temperature, and 5 hours drying duration. The quality properties of this optimal formulated foam-mat dried yoghurt are: 27.1 % moisture content, 10.1 % crude protein, 0.673 % ash content, 1.43 fat content, 58.4 % carbohydrate, 4.05 pH, 2.58 % total titre acid, 2.23E+05 CFU/g total lactic acid bacteria, and 3.81E+06 CFU/g fungi count. The result of the study showed that the optimized formulated foam-mat dried yoghurt was found to be of high quality.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77836769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the Characteristic Class Functions of the Weyl Group of type G_2","authors":"Hasan Burak Arslan","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1207235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1207235","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, our main objective is to combinatorially obtain all characteristic class functions of the Weyl group of type G_2 with the help of the structure of generalized descent algebra including Solomon’s descent algebra and Mantaci-Reutenauer algebra. We also give an interpretation of the character table of the Weyl group of type G_2 in terms of the permutation characters defined on the set of cosets belonging to each of its some special subgroups.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82258072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Investigation into the Local Production Technology of Burnt Bricks in Nigeria","authors":"F. Owoeye","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1140113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1140113","url":null,"abstract":"The acceptability of fundamental features of burnt clay bricks is a control course obtained during the production process. The applied knowledge and skills in production technology of burnt clay bricks were subjectively evaluated and quantified. Multi-method research approaches were adopted which included questionnaire instruments and experimental analysis. Assessing the source of knowledge and skill, the experience of labour and team capacity showed that most of the participants have been in the burnt brick production business for 6-10 years (37.3%) through the tutelage of their friends (72.9%) and participated in the groups of 4-5 people (25.4%). There was a deficiency in knowledge and skills needed for forming and firing stages for standard quality burnt clay brick but only effective in the extraction and preparation stage but deficient in shaping, drying, building the field kiln and firing the field kiln. The independent-sample t-test showed that the mean of the measured water absorption value of the locally produced burnt clay brick was statistically higher (mean ± SD = 29.51±0.58) than the minimum allowable standard water absorption value (mean ± SD = 20.00±0.0) significant at p = 0.00. A similar observation was made for compressive strength as the measured mean compressive strength value for the locally produced burnt clay brick was 3.98±0.30 N/mm² which was statistically higher than 3.5 N/mm². However, the dimensions of the burnt clay bricks were with the tolerance of approximately 5% for locally produced bricks. Considering the importance of good quality burnt clay bricks in construction local producers need a training.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78621873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contaminant Removal from Drilling Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Method","authors":"Muhammed Kamil Öden, Kadriye Özen, Emre Midik","doi":"10.29002/asujse.1191174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1191174","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, it is aimed to treat the wastewater from drilling operations during the creation of a natural gas storage area by electrocoagulation (EC) method. Boron and sulfate parameters in the wastewater were tried to be eliminated with the help of aluminum electrodes. During the removal of boron and sulfate pollutants, optimization studies were carried out on process time, pH, and current criteria. Boron (B) and sulfate (SO4) concentrations of wastewater generated during drilling were measured as 1.18 mg/L and 3348 mg/L, respectively. The samples taken after the purification work were placed in the measuring tapes and kept on hold for 24 hours. After the settling time, samples taken from the upper part were analyzed. During boron and sulfate removal, 16 mA/cm2 current, 30 min contact time, approximately 61% and 36% efficiency were obtained at 7 pH values.","PeriodicalId":7626,"journal":{"name":"Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82270049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}