Methods and achievements in experimental pathology最新文献_第7页

Distribution and function of cytoskeletal proteins in lung cells with particular reference to 'contractile interstitial cells'. 肺细胞中细胞骨架蛋白的分布和功能，特别是“可收缩间质细胞”。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

Y Kapanci, P M Costabella, P Cerutti, A Assimacopoulos

{"title":"Distribution and function of cytoskeletal proteins in lung cells with particular reference to 'contractile interstitial cells'.","authors":"Y Kapanci, P M Costabella, P Cerutti, A Assimacopoulos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cytoskeletal proteins are demonstrated in the interstitial cells of the lungs. These proteins appear in the cytoplasm as bundles of microfilaments, the individual filaments measuring 40--80 A in diameter. The presence of actin and myosin in these cells is demonstrated by immunofluorescence. Antiactin antibodies (AAA) obtained from patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis, as well as AAA and antimyosin antibodies prepared in the rabbit, are used. The major difference between the cytoskeletal proteins of interstitial cells and other cells of the alveolar tissue (type II epithelium, pericytes, and near the junctional complexes of endothelial cells) is that the microfilaments within the interstitial cells are organized into bundles forming tiny intracytoplasmic 'muscles'. Furthermore, they appear to be much more abundant and seem to anchor the cell on the alveolar basement membrane by hemidesmosome-like structures. These peculiar cytological features provide these cells with an important functional capacity. Being located in the 'pillars' which cross the capillary space, the contraction of interstitial cells may modify the alveolocapillary configuration in some circumstances. The physiological importance of such an 'active' alveolar motility is to provide the lung with a mechanism of autoregulation of the ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio at alveolar level.","PeriodicalId":76154,"journal":{"name":"Methods and achievements in experimental pathology","volume":"9 ","pages":"147-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11577971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The contractile system of blood platelets and its function. 血小板收缩系统血小板的收缩系统及其功能

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

I Cohen

{"title":"The contractile system of blood platelets and its function.","authors":"I Cohen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The various manifestations of platelet activation are derived from a reorganization of components of the contractile and microtubular systems. The controversial initial stages of excitation-contraction coupling in platelets lead to the release of calcium from the dense tubular system, the morphological counterpart of the muscle sarcotubular closed vesicles. Calcium triggers the actin-myosin interaction and the developing force, possibly together with a local increase of the cation concentration, may cause the collapse of the microtubular ring and its reappearance in the forming long pseudopodia. Actin-myosin interaction is modulated by several factors among which tropomyosin-troponin, responsible for the calcium-sensitivity of contractile processes, and phosphorylation of one of the myosin light chains. Platelet actin is anchored to the membrane and its sliding towards the short myosin filaments may form the basis for platelet shape change. Platelet alpha-actinin and actin-binding protein are able to aggregate actin into an impressive gel. Therefore, the contractile proteins seem to have a double role in controlling the consistency of the cytoplasmic gel on the one hand, and the contractile manifestations related to motility on the other hand. One of the most important features of the 'contracted' platelet is the rigidity of the pseudopodia brought about by the 'gelification' of actin filaments and the presence of microtubules. A new model for clot contraction is proposed, based on the rigidity of the long spiky pseudopodia and on the motile properties of platelets. While migrating towards each other, the interlocking pseudopodia from different platelets adhere to the polymerizing fibrin, compressing the fibrin nets in their pathway. Since the anchoring of contractile fibers to membranes is crucial for the platelet contractile manifestations, the integrity of the membrane structure should be considered in the study of pathological aspects of platelet function.","PeriodicalId":76154,"journal":{"name":"Methods and achievements in experimental pathology","volume":"9 ","pages":"40-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11577975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction of microtubules and microfilaments in platelet contractile physiology. 微管和微丝在血小板收缩生理学中的相互作用。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

J G White, J M Gerrard

引用次数: 0

The role of the cytoskeleton in pancreatic B-cell function. 细胞骨架在胰腺b细胞功能中的作用。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

W J Malaisse, L Orci

引用次数: 0

The role of cytoskeleton in neuron activity. 细胞骨架在神经元活动中的作用。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

S Puszkin, W Schook

引用次数: 0

The cytoskeleton in cancer cells in animals and humans. 动物和人类癌细胞的细胞骨架。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

G Gabbiani

引用次数: 0

Leucocytic movement and contractile protein. 白细胞运动和收缩蛋白。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

N Senda, N Shibata, H Tamura, J Yoshitake

引用次数: 0

The cytoskeleton in cultured cells: coordinate in vitro regulation of cell growth and shape. 体外培养细胞的细胞骨架:细胞生长和形状的协调调节。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

R E Pollack, L Kopelovich

{"title":"The cytoskeleton in cultured cells: coordinate in vitro regulation of cell growth and shape.","authors":"R E Pollack, L Kopelovich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Adenopolyposis of the colon and rectum (ACR) links the well-characterized phenomena of murine oncogenic virus transformation with the progression of a human cancer. The same syndrome links defects in fibroblast growth control and cytoskeletal organization to a tumor of epithelial origin. Since skin fibroblasts are involved in this colonic tumor, the syndrome is very likely to be systemic. That is, one element of normal growth regulation of epithelial cells in situ may be provided by the fibroblasts residing beneath their basement membrane. These observations have led to a novel approach to early detection of persons at risk for a tumor, via the behavior of their skin fibroblasts in culture. At present, it is rarely possible to detect persons at risk for malignancy before the appearance of a frank invasive or metastatic growth. Although many biochemical assays have been proposed as indicators of pre-malignant states or cryptic early tumors, most have eventually been shown to be related to age, sex drug treatment, or other variables linked to but not clearly indicative of, a malignancy. Two serious problems limiting attempts to detect preneoplastic states or a disposition to eventual neoplasia are the inherent low frequency of incidence of any single type of tumor and the difficulty of obtaining identical sample material from prospective or actual patients once they are located. Our approach to these problems significantly departs from the common dependence upon isolation of cells from the site of a tumor. Clearly, it is an easier task to scan skin fibroblasts for disrupted cytoskeletal patterns than it is to obtain epithelia cells from most tissues at high risk for malignancy. This line of work, buttressed by information derived from the model system of SV40 transformation, may provide a novel mode of early detection of other human malignancies, as it has for ACR.","PeriodicalId":76154,"journal":{"name":"Methods and achievements in experimental pathology","volume":"9 ","pages":"207-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11577972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The cytoskeleton and plasma membrane. 细胞骨架和质膜。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

R R Weihing

引用次数: 0

The role of cytoskeleton in adreno-medullary secretion. 细胞骨架在肾上腺髓质分泌中的作用。

Methods and achievements in experimental pathology Pub Date : 1979-01-01

P H Cooke, A M Poisner

引用次数: 0