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Medicina nei secoli最新文献

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[BETWEEN HORROR AND SCIENCE: THE BIRTH OF A CABINET OF PATHOLOGICAL ANATHOMY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO]. [在恐怖与科学之间:巴勒莫大学病理解剖柜的诞生]。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Lucia Craxí, Emiliano Maresi, Vito Franco
{"title":"[BETWEEN HORROR AND SCIENCE: THE BIRTH OF A CABINET OF PATHOLOGICAL ANATHOMY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO].","authors":"Lucia Craxí,&nbsp;Emiliano Maresi,&nbsp;Vito Franco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper outlines the history of the Cabinet of Pathological Anathomy at the University of Palermo, describes rapidly its current status and analyzes the composition of its displays in 1859. It aims to highlight the analogies with other collections of a similar kind and to pinpoint potential actions to endorse and develop this important scientific asset.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"743-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33938250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cold drugs. Circulation, production and intelligence of antibiotics in post-WWII years. 寒冷的药物。二战后抗生素的流通、生产和智能化。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Mauro Capocci
{"title":"Cold drugs. Circulation, production and intelligence of antibiotics in post-WWII years.","authors":"Mauro Capocci","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper details how the earliest antibiotics were subject to a strict control during the earliest phase of the Cold War. Because of antibiotics strategic and economic value, Anglo-American Governments restricted circulation of scientists, techno-scientific know-how and technology related to penicillin production, as well as closely controlling the circulation of the drugs in the Communist countries. These efforts are documented by archival documents, testifying how drugs were actual instruments of propaganda and political strategies, affecting pharmaceutical development both in the Western and the Eastern bloc.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 2","pages":"401-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33245187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When 'drugs' become 'drugs': issues of pharmaceutical abuse in France from the 1960s to the 1990s. 当“毒品”变成“毒品”:20世纪60年代到90年代法国的药物滥用问题。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Alexandre Marchant
{"title":"When 'drugs' become 'drugs': issues of pharmaceutical abuse in France from the 1960s to the 1990s.","authors":"Alexandre Marchant","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the 1970s, media frenzies about drug addiction have focused mainly on illicit drugs taken by rebellious or marginalised addicts, relegating iatrogenic drug abuse, and policies and problems linked to psychotropic pharmaceuticals available by prescription or over-the-counter to the shadows. In this article I go beyond the division between illicit drugs and medicines still configuring both public representations and historiography: using archival materials from the 1960s-1990s in France, I highlight some blind spots in drug history. Firstly I demonstrate the role of pharmaceutical abuse in the career of addicts, and then examine regulation policies, which are the dark side, however complementary, of drug policies and prohibition. Finally, I analyse the role of physicians and pharmacists in this control, and discuss the various professional debates relating to the legal supply of psychoactive drugs. In all these issues, the frame of the Cold War context will also be highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 2","pages":"575-614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33250456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The fabbrica della penicillina in postwar Italy: an institutionalist approach. 战后意大利的青霉菌组织:一种制度主义方法。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Francesco Taroni
{"title":"The fabbrica della penicillina in postwar Italy: an institutionalist approach.","authors":"Francesco Taroni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper focuses on the motives and long-term effects of the momentous decision to build a world-class biomedical research laboratory, the International Center for Chemical Microbiology, at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità in Rome, rather than develop domestic production of penicillin to meet the needs of a destitute postwar Italy. An institutionalist approach will provide a richer vision of the intersections of scientific and national political history in postwar Italy and the Cold War. The Center failed in its modernising mission due to an insular mentality producing an 'enclosure effect' against the State, the healthcare system and the pharmaceutical industry. The absence of a scientific base together with an economic policy of 'liberal protectionism' that placed premiums on import tariffs and the licensing of foreign products explains the path dependency of the pharmaceutical industry during the postwar years and its demise in the 1960s.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 2","pages":"639-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33250458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'Clueless about contraception': the introduction and circulation of the contraceptive pill in state-socialist Poland (1960s-1970s). “对避孕一无所知”:避孕药在国家社会主义波兰的引进和流通(1960 - 70年代)。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Agata Ignaciuk
{"title":"'Clueless about contraception': the introduction and circulation of the contraceptive pill in state-socialist Poland (1960s-1970s).","authors":"Agata Ignaciuk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper discusses the introduction of the pill into the state-socialist Polish market in the late 1960s and its circulation over the following decade. Abortion, legalised for socio-economic reasons in 1956, had been available practically on demand since 1959, and there were no legal obstacles to contraception. The pill first appeared in Poland in the early 1960s, but was not widely available in pharmacies until 1969, when the local pharmaceutical industry began production. Throughout the 1970s, only two brands were widely available: Femigen and Angravid. The pill played a marginal role in family planning during the 1960s and 1970s in Poland, with cycle-observation, backed by the possibility of a legal abortion, being the main resource for birth control. This was due to structural limits to the distribution of the pill on a centrally-planned market closed to Western pharmaceutical companies, cultural patterns of sexual behaviour, and the availability of abortion.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 2","pages":"509-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33250454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The monstrous metallic in medicine and horror cinema. 医学和恐怖电影中可怕的金属。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Niall Scott
{"title":"The monstrous metallic in medicine and horror cinema.","authors":"Niall Scott","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>`This paper considers the monstrous nature of medical tools and devices through the lens of horror cinema and the art of Damien Hirst. In it I argue for a shift from the monster and the monstrous as organic to the threat of the monster as an inorganic object in tools such as the scalpel and syringe. However, the metaphorical significance of the monster is sustained in these tools where human technological creations continue the discourse of the monster as a product of human creativity.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 1","pages":"313-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33072898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[DAUGHTERS OF SUN. MANIA, MELANCHOLY AND LOVE SICKNESS IN ANCIENT MYTH AND SCIENTIFIC SOURCES]. [太阳的女儿们。古代神话和科学资料中的躁狂症、忧郁和爱情病。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Valentina Gazzaniga, Silvia Marinozzi
{"title":"[DAUGHTERS OF SUN. MANIA, MELANCHOLY AND LOVE SICKNESS IN ANCIENT MYTH AND SCIENTIFIC SOURCES].","authors":"Valentina Gazzaniga,&nbsp;Silvia Marinozzi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ancient medical and philosophical sources do not discuss the etiology of lovesickness, simply cataloguing its symptoms. The 'informal' connection between black bile and lovesickness turns, in later texts, into a disease in whick black bile overheats, changing its nature (in CH it is a cold and dry element), burning and producing smoke. The article analyze this 'ontological' changement; the Pseudoaristotelian Problema XXX can help in reconstructing the sense of the mythological stories of Pasiphae, Medea, Ariadne and Phaedra, women bound by a close family relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"679-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34005664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY OF MEDICAL PRACTICES AND KNOWELEDGE IN THE NAHUA CONTEST ( NAUPAN, PUEBLA, MEXICO)]. [对纳瓦人竞赛中医疗实践和知识的民族志研究(墨西哥普埃布拉州纳潘)]。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Silvia Iorio
{"title":"[AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY OF MEDICAL PRACTICES AND KNOWELEDGE IN THE NAHUA CONTEST ( NAUPAN, PUEBLA, MEXICO)].","authors":"Silvia Iorio","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last thirty years, the improvement of biomedical acculturate had influenced the medical tradition of Nauha, in souther-eastern Mexico. The study analyses how the constituent elements of biomedical tradition are incorporated into new rhetorical, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, mixed with languages and symbols typical of local tradition.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"793-820"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33938253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[MALE, FEMALE, NEUTRUM. SEXUAL IDENTITY, UNCERTAIN SEX AND BIOLOGY]. [男性，女性，中性。性别认同，不确定的性别和生物学]。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Simone Famularo
{"title":"[MALE, FEMALE, NEUTRUM. SEXUAL IDENTITY, UNCERTAIN SEX AND BIOLOGY].","authors":"Simone Famularo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For almost 2000 years, human beings have been discussing about gender. New scientific evidences give interesting new points of view, partially subverting the normal dichotomy described by the \"two-gender\" theory. In this article, we are going to critically review the history of the approach towards people born with a Sexual-Differentiation-Disorder, passing through the analysis of the Italian National Ethics Committee's opinion, describing the modern scientific evidences on the gender-identity development, furthermore ruling out the new approach borned from the femminist philosophies, and the new biogiuridical experiments borned in Australia and Germany. Would it be possible a world where a person could be more then a male or a female?</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 3","pages":"769-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33938251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Filming the freak show. Non-normative bodies on screen. 拍变态秀。屏幕上不规范的身体。
Medicina nei secoli Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Alberto Brodesco
{"title":"Filming the freak show. Non-normative bodies on screen.","authors":"Alberto Brodesco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article focuses on four films that display the exhibition for profit of non- normative bodies in a context that is variously called freak show, sideshow, monster show, odditorium. Freaks (Tod Browning, 1932), The Ape Woman (La donna scimmia, Marco Ferreri, 1964), Elephant Man (David Lynch, 1980) and Black Venus (Venus noire, Abdellatif Kechiche, 2010) are reflexive movies that tell stories of abnormal bodies and of people who buy a ticket to see them. They inquire the fictional nature of \"freakness\"--a cultural and historical artefact, a social construction, a frame of mind and a set of practices--and draw attention to the continuity between the world of the freak shows and the scientific and medical milieus. The article finally considers the new visibility of the corporeal freak in contemporary voyeuristic television programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":76143,"journal":{"name":"Medicina nei secoli","volume":"26 1","pages":"291-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33072897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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