{"title":"[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia].","authors":"K. Jährig","doi":"10.32388/1xi6ss","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/1xi6ss","url":null,"abstract":"Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic respiratory disease of the preterm neonate which is typically causing extensive physiologic changes and results in improper lower respiratory tract development. It is one of the most common adverse neonatal outcomes due to prematurity. It has been approximately 40 years of discovery of this chronic disease of the newborns that affects their overall quality of life even in adulthood. Yet, its remains an invincible challenge in the preterm neonatal care victimizing about 1/4 of the preterm extremely low birth weight babies. This review aims at providing knowledge on the currently known definition, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, complications and various clinical interventions used for Bronchopulmonary dysplasia.","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"46 7 1","pages":"340-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49649508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[15N liver function test in underweight infants, hypotrophic at birth].","authors":"T Richter, P Krumbiegel, K Beyreiss","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fifty-two infants were enrolled in the study: 23 hypotrophically born infants (birth weight < 5th percentile according to Kyank) with present body weights < 3rd percentile according to Prader (group 1), 15 patients suffering from severe liver diseases (group 2), 14 patients without liver diseases (group 3). Usual serum parameters were estimated. Additionally, the hepatic detoxification capacities were measured using the non-invasive, non-radioactive [15N]methacetin urine test. 17 of the 23 infants of group 1 showed 15N elimination rates as low as in severe liver-diseased patients (group 2) whereas their serum parameters were in the normal range, as were those of group 3. The question remains whether intra-uterine malnutrition or postnatal effects, e.g., environmental conditions, caused the functional liver damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"61 10","pages":"365-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19137233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Sex education and AIDS prevention].","authors":"E Günther","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The well-known deficiencies in sexual education prompt the author to present commendable education programmes by experienced sexual paedagogues. Emancipatory sexual education aims at preparing adolescents for adulthood. Most of the teenagers have other sexual anxieties than an HIV infection. These facts should be utilised for other methods of sexual education.</p>","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"61 10","pages":"351-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19137300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Role of medicinal coal in primary management of poisoning].","authors":"M Brockstedt, P Hoffmann-Walbeck","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary detoxication by ipecac-induced emesis or gastric lavage is incomplete. In mild to moderate childhood poisoning administration of activated charcoal alone without gastric emptying is often more effective, because it binds toxins promptly. In-vitro and in-vivo studies of many substances have shown good adsorption to activated charcoal (e.g. digitalis, beta-blocking agents, phenobarbitone, carbamazepine, theophylline). If in-vitro adsorption is moderate to poor, administration of activated charcoal might nevertheless prove clinically valuable by altering the severity of symptoms such as has been shown with acetaminophen, salicylates or organophosphate insecticide intoxications. Possible risks are shown and dosage regimens of activated charcoal are given alongside an evaluation of additional cathartics in the initial treatment of childhood poisonings. The role of repeated doses of activated charcoal as a method of secondary detoxication in comparison with hemoperfusion techniques and its significance in clinical routine is pointed out. General conclusion: In mild to moderate childhood poisoning early administration of activated charcoal alone after consultation of pediatrician and/or poison center specialists is an adequate therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"61 10","pages":"378-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19137236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Ondine syndrome: presentation of pediatric aspects based on a case report].","authors":"D Schramm, I Sander, S Glaser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The congenital central alveolar hypoventilation syndrome (Undine's syndrome, or Ondine's curse) is a rare disorder of central ventilation. In recent years a successful therapy has been found consisting of pacing of the diaphragm. Early diagnosis is therefore significant for preoperative management. In our paper, we present the clinical course of a female newborn with Ondine's curse. Conclusions for the further management by the paediatric staff are demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"61 10","pages":"370-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19137234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Use of the Glasgow Coma Scale in pediatric craniocerebral trauma].","authors":"R D Stenger, S Schmidt, B Beyer, U Sehl","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over five years the applicability of a modified Glasgow Coma Scale was analysed in 38 children (mean age 7.2 +/- 3.8 years) with head and associated injuries (47.4%). The score was estimated after the accident and in the course of intensive therapy. At the beginning of the treatment on the intensive care unit, the cases were staged according to the severity of the head injuries (Glasgow Coma Scale: 4-8, 9-12 and 13-19 points). At the stage evaluated as between 4 and 8 points, 50% of the patients died and the survivors were ventilated (11.7 +/- 10.7 days) and intensively treated (45.7 +/- 31.5 days). All patients had had neurological damage. Additional injuries worsened the prognosis in the acute phase. 42.9% of the patients received intracranial pressure monitoring. In the patients between 9 and 12 points, the time of ventilation (3.7 +/- 2.9 days) and of intensive therapy (19.5 +/- 13.3 days) decreased. Over 13 points, all patients had a shorter duration of treatment (10.8 +/- 8.8 days) and a quick and good recovery. The Glasgow Coma Scale has the advantage of an examination with a quantitative analysis and resulting effective diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Even the inexperienced physician can use the Glasgow Coma Scale with success at the site of the accident.</p>","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"61 10","pages":"359-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19137232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The pathogen spectrum of blood cultures of premature and newborn infants in a neonatal intensive care unit].","authors":"S Ludwig, U Ludwig, D Schramm, E Straube, H Koch","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bacterial spectrum of blood cultures in a neonatal intensive-care unit was retrospectively assessed in a two-year study. Analysis of positive blood cultures showed a dominance of gram-positive bacteria, especially of coagulase-negative staphylococci. The resistance of these germs points to vancomycin as the most effective antibiotic. B-streptococci, germs that are dreaded especially in neonatology, were not found in any of the cases. Positive blood cultures were mostly in correlation with clinical symptoms, less so to the leukocyte count and/or C-reactive protein levels. There was no case of death directly caused by sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"61 10","pages":"355-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19137231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W F Baum, E Klöditz, V Hesse, G Jahreis, U Schneyer, H Giebler
{"title":"[Increase in spontaneous growth hormone secretion in asthmatic children--a symptom of atopic disposition?].","authors":"W F Baum, E Klöditz, V Hesse, G Jahreis, U Schneyer, H Giebler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthmatic children tend towards hyposomia. Although quite a number of suggestions have been made, the real cause of this phenomenon has not yet been revealed. Investigation of the growth hormone secretion and the IGF-I serum levels aims at clarifying whether an atopy-caused disturbance in the interaction between both the hormones is responsible for retardations in the growth and development of asthmatic children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 19 prepubertal extrinsic asthmatics the spontaneous growth hormone secretion was reviewed in form of a 24 h-profile. In addition, the IGF-I serum levels were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With a mean 24 h-secretion of 10.7 +/- 1.0 ng/ml and a maximum growth hormone peak of 39.5 +/- 5.8 ng/ml prepubertal extrinsic asthmatics showed an increased hormone secretion which, however, could not be observed with all the children. The IGF-I mean values were in 11 asthmatics within the normal range, decreased in 5 cases and increased in only 3 children.</p>","PeriodicalId":76073,"journal":{"name":"Kinderarztliche Praxis","volume":"61 9","pages":"323-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19106206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}