Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal最新文献

{"title":"Choice of Traits for Seed Yield Improvement based on Association Analysis Studies in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)","authors":"K. S. Sundari, Y. A. Vasline, K. Saravanan","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5641","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sesame is an ancient oilseed crop of India popular for its drought resistance and stable healthy oil which is easy to extract. Information regarding the genetic association of plant traits with grain yield is of great importance to breeders in selecting suitable genotypes. Hence, the present study is based on simple measures of variability and genetic variance to identify suitable genotypes for further improvement. Methods: The experiment was carried out at Student’s Farm, Department of Agriculture, Loyola Academy, Secunderabad during Kharif 2021. Sixty genotypes of the Sesamum crop were studied for 13 quantitative and qualitative traits. Result: Analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes were significant (P 0.05 and P 0.01) for all of the traits studied. A positive significant correlation at the genotypic level was observed for the character 1000 seed weight (0.222) with grain yield. A positive correlation between desirable traits is encouraging to the plant breeder as it helps in the simultaneous improvement of both traits. Positive direct effects were highest for the character 1000 seed weight (0.866) followed by the number of capsules per axil (0.660) on grain yield. This study would help to select the genotypes that have a strong association among traits.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80481869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of SSR Molecular Markers for Jassid Resistance in Cotton","authors":"Sridhar Venkatesulu, Satya Prasad Makula, Mahantesh Basetteppa Satiha, Satish Kumar Puligundlal, K. Srikanth","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5740","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study has focussed on identifying the Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers associated with the sucking pests (more precisely on jassid) tolerance/resistance loci. The study was initiated with 4348 mapped SSR markers to differentiate between resistant (R-1) and susceptible (BS-1) genotypes. Out of 4348 markers (retrieved from cotton microsatellite database and cottongen.org) used,17 markers were showing polymorphism between the parental lines. Methods: The F1 population was generated by crossing Resistant line (R-1) and the elite Susceptible line (Bs-1). F1 progeny were selfed to obtain F2 population. Following the screening, to identify the SSR markers associated with trait, Single Marker Analysis was performed. Result: The results indicated that two of the seventeen polymorphic markers - BL1646 and DOW047 had significant LoD of 4.5 and 7.2 respectively and PVE% of 6.6 and 10.3 respectively. Hence, these were identified as the two markers associated with jassid resistance trait having the potential for their use in marker assisted selection (MAS).\u0000","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78444295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between P and Zn on the Changes in Different Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions under Waterlogged Soil Treated with and Without Organic Matter","authors":"P. Naskar, R. Mallick, A. K. Dolui","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5680","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Phosphorus and zinc are two essential nutrients which are required for normal plant growth. These nutrients are mutually antagonistic in certain circumstances which can cause yield reductions in many crops due to either P or Zn deficiencies. Organic matter causes soil to clump and form soil aggregates, which improves soil structure. With better soil structure, permeability improves, in turn improving the soil’s ability to take up and hold water. The addition of organic manure may reduce the mobility of Zn in soil by forming stable chelates thereby may affect the formation of Zn-P complexes in soil. Thus, the present study was undertaken to find the interaction between P and Zn on the changes in different inorganic phosphorus fractions under waterlogged soil treated with and without organic matter. Methods: An incubation experiment has been conducted in the laboratory of Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, University of Calcutta to find the interaction between P and Zn on the changes in different phosphorus fractions under waterlogged soil treated with and without organic matter. Treatments details: P0Zn0 - No Phosphorus + No Zn, P0Zn1 - No Phosphorus + Application of Zn at 2.5 mg/kg soil, P0Zn2 - No Phosphorus + Application of Zn at 5 mg/kg soil , P1Zn0 - Application of P at 10 mg/kg soil + No Zn, P1Zn1 - Application of P at 10 mg/kg soil + Application of Zn at 2.5 mg/kg soil,P1Zn2 - Application of P at 10 mg/kg soil + Application of Zn at 5 mg/kg soil, P2Zn0 - Application of P at 15 mg/kg soil + No Zn, P2Zn1 - Application of P at 15 mg/kg soil + Application of Zn at 2.5 mg/kg soil, P2Zn2 - Application of P at 15 mg/kg soil + Application of Zn at 5 mg/kg soil. The same treatment combination was studied with application of organic matter where organic matter was applied @1% by soil weight basis and another set of treatment combination were conducted in absence of organic matter. After application of all treatments, maintaining waterlogged condition, the soils were allowed to incubate at room temperature (30±2)°C for a period of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 days interval and analyzed for different fractions of P. Result: The amount of Soluble and Loosely bound P fractions has been recorded highest (47.50 mg kg-1) in the treatment P2OM2 at 30 days of incubation in presence of organic matter. As regards to the interaction effect between P and organic matter it was observed that the amount of Al-P was recorded enhanced, being highest with their highest level of application. The individual application of P increased the amount of Fe-P content, being highest (56.96 mg kg-1) at 30 days of incubation with its highest level, while the application of organic matter at its highest level recorded highest amount of Fe-P (55.30 mg kg-1) content. The absolute amount of Reductant soluble P was recorded a lower value than Fe-P. The results suggest that Ca-P fraction was the dominant inorganic P fraction among other fractions and there is a syn","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80942227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptability and Forage Productivity of Panicum phragmitoides Stapf. in the Southern Region","authors":"O. Gerard, F. P. Koutouan, N. Bodji, N. R. Yao","doi":"10.18805/ag.df-535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.df-535","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adaptability and forage productivity of Panicum phragmitoïdes in the humid region of Côte d’Ivoire were evaluated compared to Panicum maximum cv C1 from October 2018 to April 2019. Methods: Three accessions of P. phragmitoïdes and P. maximum cv C1 were transplanted by cuttings with three replicates in a randomized complete blocks design to evaluate adaptability parameters and forage yield. Result: The average number of tallies per tuft of P. phragmitoïdes ranged from 15.83±2.24 to 19.17±7.39 versus 33.67±5.10 tallies for P. maximum cv C1. Accessions of P. phragmitoïdes ranged in height from 146.33±9.49 to 151.42±15.88 cm and were higher than P. maximum cv C1 which was 119.50±20.67 cm. The forage productivity of P. phragmitoïdes and P. maximum cv C1. were identical and ranged from 4.84±1.07 to 8.20±3.72 t DM/ha/year. P. phragmitoïdes seems to adapt well in the humid region of Côte d’Ivoire.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75427998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Pre-treatment Incubation Period on Callus Induction Response in Anthers of Selected Rice Genotypes","authors":"P. Sharmela, N. Ganesan, R. Saraswathi, R. Gnanam, C. Chandrasekhar","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5745","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The microspores of five tropical japonica and five indica rice genotypes were subjected to androgenic studies. The effect of growth regulators on callus induction were studied to improve the anther culture efficiency. Methods: The cold pre-treatment of panicles at 10°C were done at different days of intervals viz., 5, 8, 10 and 12 days. The microspores at uninucleate stage were selected and dusted after pre-treatment. The anthers were cultured in N6 basal media supplemented with casein hydrolysate (250 mg/L), proline (250 mg/L), silver nitrate (100 mg/L), maltose (50 g/L) and growth regulators. Result: The 8 days of cold pre-treatment initiated calli in most of the ten genotypes. The days taken for callus induction varied with genotype from 32-55 days. The callus induction frequency ranged from 1.41 to 5.12%. The responsive genotypes (Azucena, Palawan, Nira) on callus induction were studied for their regeneration potential. Background: The microspores of five tropical japonica and five indica rice genotypes were subjected to androgenic studies. The effect of growth regulators on callus induction were studied to improve the anther culture efficiency.","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83195566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Analytical Methods to Determine Lycopene Levels in Syrian Tomatoes from Various Regions","authors":"Afraa Alnokkari","doi":"10.18805/ag.df-550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.df-550","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The particular attention in recent years on high nutritional quality food is increasing because of its health benefits. Tomato, which a common fruit in different regions of Syria, is one of these foods. It contains plentiful antioxidant compounds, including lycopene. Lycopene plays a very significant role in human health and nutrition; it is considered a strong antioxidant due to its ability to trap singlet oxygen and remove the peroxyl radical. This study aims to quantify of lycopene content of fresh tomatoes in Syria and determine the best analytical method (solvent for separation by HPLC) for separation by HPLC. Methods: Tomatoes from different Syrian regions were quantitatively analyzed for the detection of lycopene, using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography through isocratic elution and UV detection. Many mobile phases were under experiments in order to maximum achievement the lycopene separation. Result: An Analytical method for determination of lycopene in Syrian tomato samples was optimized and the proper solvent for separation and determination of lycopene in Syrian tomato samples was (MeOH/propanol/THF) (15:65:20). The lycopene content in Syrian tomatoes ranged from 55.94 to 103.70 ìg/g, this disparity was attributed to many genetic and environmental factors. This study suggests that Syrian tomato is rich source of lycopene and a major provenance of this powerful antioxidant and can be considered as a possible alternative to antioxidative supplements.","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85589808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustaining Soil Fertility and Yield by Inductive cum Targeted Yield Model-based Fertilizer Prescriptions for Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) in Alfisols of Tamil Nadu, Southern India","authors":"B. Mohamed, R. Santhi, S. Maragatham, M. Gopalakrishnan, R. Ravikesavan, P. Geetha","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5762","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Finger millet cultivation in Alfisols (Typic rhodustalf, Palaviduthi soil series) demands an optimal integrated plant nutrient supply to achieve desired yields. In order to develop the soil test crop response to fertilizer and farm yard manure (FYM) through integrated plant nutrition system (STCR-IPNS) in terms of nutrient uptake, yield and pre-sowing STVs, a field investigation on Finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] was conducted at the farmer’s field of Thoppupatti village, Dindigul district, Southern Agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu, Southern India during December 2021-August 2022. Methods: By adopting the Inductive cum Targeted Yield Model before the test crop of Finger millet, a artificial soil fertility gradient was created by the application of graded levels of NPK fertilizers with fodder sorghum as a gradient crop. Result: The basic data viz., N, P and K nutrients for producing 1 tonne of finger millet grain were 48 kg, 23 kg and 44 kg; the soil contributed 14.86%, 19.18% and 18.95%; fertilizer contributed 44.16%, 32.79% and 59.75% for N, P and K and farmyard manure (FYM) contributed 28.47%, 11.77% and 33.78%, respectively. Fertilizer prescription equations for finger millet and ready reckoners for the operational range of soil test results for the intended yield target under NPK alone and IPNS (NPK + FYM) were produced using the basic data.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76616318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Relationship between Fruit Yield and Yield Related Components in Snake Gourd Genotypes using Multivariate Analysis","authors":"A. Fathima, L. Pugalendhi, T. Saraswathi, N. Manivannan, M. Raveendran","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5753","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Snake gourd is a monoecious crop that prefers cross pollination. Snake gourd has a lot of potential for genetic improvement. A large variation can be produced when genetically diverse and geographically distant lines are combined. To examine the genetic diversity and connection between essential agronomic features in snake gourd, multivariate methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used. This study will use multivariate analysis to determine the genetic diversity and link between critical agronomic aspects of snake gourd. Methods: A total of sixteen genotypes and two varieties of snake gourd genotypes were subjected to boxplot, principal component analysis and cluster analysis based on eleven quantitative traits. Boxplot analysis, Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed using R version of 4.2.1. Result: Boxplot analysis depicted the frequency distribution of eleven quantitative traits among 18 snake gourd accessions. The overall variation was split into eleven principal components, out of which five major principal components contributed for variability of snake gourd genotypes by exhibiting 90.05 per cent of variability. The squared cosine variables inferred that the traits viz., days to first male flowering, days to first female flowering and days to first harvest contributed more for variability in the first component. The ward D2 method of hierarchical clustering cluster the 16 genotypes and 2 varieties in two clusters based on cluster sum of squares.","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82717850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study on Morphological Characteristics, Ethno Botanical and Ethno Pharmacological Importance of Capsicum annuum L. var. Annuum and Capsicum annuum L. var. Frutescens","authors":"C. Kalpana, K.C. Vrinda","doi":"10.18805/ag.d-5650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-5650","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Capsicum annuum L. belongs to the family Solanaceae is primarily used as a spicy vegetable and as a minor ingredient in wide variety of cuisines, dishes, spice blends and sauces. The current study was dealt with the comparison of morphology of vegetative and reproductive parts and ethno botanical and pharmacological importance of Capsicum annuum L. var. Annuum and Capsicum annuum L. var. Frutescens. Both are shrubby herbs which have an average height ranging between 60-75 cm. Methods: The study materials (flowers, fruits and seeds) were collected from each ten plants of the two varieties of Capsicum annuum L. (Capsicum annuum L. var. Annuum and Capsicum annuum L. var. Frutescens) based on their fruit setting. Result: The results clearly showed the morphological similarities and differences present in terms of nature and arrangement of leaves, flowers and fruits and a short review of their ethno botanical and pharmacological properties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86367418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testicular Histomorphology Following Datura Stramonium Administration in Adult Male Wistar Rats","authors":"O. V. Owolabi, L. Enye, B. Omiyale, O. Saka, C.O. Akintay","doi":"10.18805/ag.df-502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.df-502","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Datura contains a mixture of anticholinergic agents (alkaloids such as atropine, scopolamine and hyoscyamine) that are responsible for its pharmacological actions. The objective was to evaluate the effect of Datura stramonium in the testes of wistar rats. Methods: Twenty (20) adult male rats weight ranging from 106g-180g were distributed into five groups (A-E) of four (4) animals each. Animals were administered with Datura extract once daily for 21 days as Group A- 50mg/kg, Group B -100 mg/kg, Group C -200 mg/kg ,Group D -400 mg/kg. While, Group E were given distilled water daily. Testes and blood samples were collected from all the groups, for the histological and biochemical activities. Result: Results showed overall, increase in body weight with siginificant differences in sperm count in all the treatment groups. Administration of high dose of Datura extract was found to have adverse effect on the histological findings in the testes. Extract of Datura stramonium plant is toxic since single extraction shows presence of scopolamine. Abuse of the flower of the plant pose cholinergic poisoning due to scopolamine, significantly reduces male fertility evidenced by increase in the number of abnormal sperm motility and altered testicular morphology.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7599,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science Digest – A Research Journal","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83142677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}