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A model to predict the incidence of fracture in femoral components. 预测股骨假体骨折发生率的模型。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
H S Dobbs
{"title":"A model to predict the incidence of fracture in femoral components.","authors":"H S Dobbs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper presents a probability model for the fracture of femoral components based on the assumption that the components are defect-free, and that they fracture by a fatigue process. The model predicts the probability of fracture for patients of different body weight, and the incidence of fractures versus body weight, and versus time. The results are compared with recently published survey data. In addition the model is used to demonstrate the effect of improvements in the mechanical properties of components. Finally the paper discusses the modifications needed to demonstrate the effect of variations in component design, prosthesis orientation, and level of patient activity, and the effect of time-dependent processes such as bone resorption, acrylic disintegration and shock loads.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"189-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The design of a wireless-controlled intra-oral electrolarynx. 无线控制口内电喉的设计。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
S G Knorr, D H Zwitman
{"title":"The design of a wireless-controlled intra-oral electrolarynx.","authors":"S G Knorr,&nbsp;D H Zwitman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many patients who have failed to acquire esophageal speech after total laryngectomy are presently using artificial electrolarynges. Two of the principle objections to currently available devices are their bulkiness and visibility. The authors have developed and tested a wireless-controlled intra-oral electrolarynx which overcomes these main objections. In addition, it produces intelligible speech which compares favorably with other existing devices. In this paper, the design details will be presented which significantly influence the performance and the patients' acceptability of the new device.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"165-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Finite deformation theory for in vivo human skin. 人体皮肤的有限变形理论。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
P E Allaire, J G Thacker, R F Edlich, G J Rodeheaver, M T Edgerton
{"title":"Finite deformation theory for in vivo human skin.","authors":"P E Allaire,&nbsp;J G Thacker,&nbsp;R F Edlich,&nbsp;G J Rodeheaver,&nbsp;M T Edgerton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A finite deformation mathematical model of in vivo human skin has been developed for the normal physiological load range. Uniaxial load-deformation measurements were carried out with a non-invasive extensometer and utilized in formulating the model. The in vivo strain energy function was found to be a linear function of the first two strain invariants and a quadratic function of the third strain invariant. Only three independent constants were necessary to specify the strain energy function completely for the upper extremities of human volunteers.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"239-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High frequency components in the spectrum of the visual evoked potential. 视诱发电位频谱中的高频成分。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
J I Aunon, C D McGillem
{"title":"High frequency components in the spectrum of the visual evoked potential.","authors":"J I Aunon,&nbsp;C D McGillem","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of short term high frequency components in the spectra of the VEP is usually overshadowed by larger amplitude slow waves which occur simultaneously with the high frequency waves. The high frequency components become evident when the time varying power spectra of short duration (250 ms) segments of the VEP are examined. Two types of short duration time varying power spectra are considered: one is obtained directly from overlapping time segments of the average VEP; and, the other is obtained by computing the spectra from the average autocorrelation functions of overlapping time segments of the data following each stimulus. The first yields the time varying properties for the spectra of the stimulus-synchronized data while, the latter shows the time varying properties of both the synchronized and unsynchronized data present.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"157-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parameters of stimulation and perception in an artificial sensory feedback system. 人工感觉反馈系统中刺激和感知的参数。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
C F Walker, G R Lockhead, D R Markle, J H McElhaney
{"title":"Parameters of stimulation and perception in an artificial sensory feedback system.","authors":"C F Walker,&nbsp;G R Lockhead,&nbsp;D R Markle,&nbsp;J H McElhaney","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationships between stimulus parameters and perceptions in a prosthetic feedback system were measured using psychophysical methods. Electrical stimulation of the median nerve produced a monotonic relation between frequency of stimulation and the perceived magnitude of the stimulus. There were two qualitatively different perceptions of the stimulation; one for low frequencies and one for high. These two qualities fit different psychophysical continuua, kind of stimulation, and amount of stimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"251-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11817716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enzyme-accelerated hydrolysis of polyglycolic acid. 酶加速水解聚乙醇酸。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
D F Williams, E Mort
{"title":"Enzyme-accelerated hydrolysis of polyglycolic acid.","authors":"D F Williams,&nbsp;E Mort","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a preliminary study of the enzyme-polymer interactions, the role of 15 enzymes in the in vitro hydrolysis of polyglycolic acid has been investigated. Carboxypeptidase A, alpha-chymotrypsin, clostridiopeptidase A and ficin increase the rate of hydrolysis of this synthetic polymer, illustrating the ability of enzymes to influence polymer degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"231-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11425632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microscopic fracture aspects of impact tested human bones. 冲击试验人体骨骼的显微断裂。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
P Ducheyne, M Martens, P De Meester, E Aernoudt, M Vrancken, F Van Hulle, J C Mulier
{"title":"Microscopic fracture aspects of impact tested human bones.","authors":"P Ducheyne,&nbsp;M Martens,&nbsp;P De Meester,&nbsp;E Aernoudt,&nbsp;M Vrancken,&nbsp;F Van Hulle,&nbsp;J C Mulier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fracture aspects of impact twisted human femurs and tibias have been studied in their wet condition. The main tool used to correlate fracture behaviour with bone structure was the scanning electron microscope. Supplementary data were obtained from macroscopic fracture pattern analyses and stress coat experiments on slowly tested dried bone. The interest of the data reported concerns two major points. Firstly the analysis of the fractographic results leads to the conclusion that the fracture has presumably been initiated by shearing parallel with the torsion axis. The fracture propagates along so called spiral and oblique fracture lines. Secondly, the correlation of the macroscopic fracture pattern with microscopic fracture aspects indicates that the fracture is initiated along the cement lines, which can be considered as the weak matrix in an osteon-cement lining composite. The fracture propagates along the cement lines as well as through osteons and lamellae. Throughout the impact fracture surfaces ductile and brittle fracture aspects were observed, although the brittle fracture mode was predominant during propagation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"197-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of the pulsed oxygen cathode. 脉冲氧阴极的设计。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
G L Zick
{"title":"Design of the pulsed oxygen cathode.","authors":"G L Zick","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a theoretical design of the pulsed oxygen cathode. The analysis concerns two major areas: First, a description of the oxygen diffusion currents during the initial 5 msec. after the application of the polarization potential. Second, a determination of the limiting sample rate imposed by a protective coating of given characteristics. It is shown that at 5 msec. after application of the polarization potential the 99% isoconcentration line is 11.8 micron from the cathode surface. The currents during this time can be modeled as linear diffusion. Also, for a minimum step response of 100 msec. the protective coating should have a thickness less than or equal to 13.6 micron.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"173-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The design of a monopole radiator to investigate the effect of microwave radiation in biological systems. 单极辐射体的设计用于研究微波辐射对生物系统的影响。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
J Bigu-del-Blanco, C Romero-Sierra
{"title":"The design of a monopole radiator to investigate the effect of microwave radiation in biological systems.","authors":"J Bigu-del-Blanco,&nbsp;C Romero-Sierra","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The design of a microwave monopole radiator, using a hollow hypodermic needle, is described. This radiator has two unique features. It allows both i) irradiation of deep biological structures by simple needle injection and ii) simultaneous chemotherapic treatment of tissue. The matching characteristics of the monopole in saline solutions are given.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"181-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The wear of titanium, titanium alloy, and UHMW polyethylene caused by LTI carbon and Stellite 21. LTI碳和钨铬钴合金21对钛、钛合金和超高分子量聚乙烯的磨损。
Journal of bioengineering Pub Date : 1977-08-01
H S Shim
{"title":"The wear of titanium, titanium alloy, and UHMW polyethylene caused by LTI carbon and Stellite 21.","authors":"H S Shim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The comparative wear resistance of a commercially pure titanium (A-70), a titanium alloy (Beta III), and a UHMW polyethylene (Lennite) has been evaluated by employing a test procedure described previously. Either an LTI carbon or a Stellite 21 was the disk material. All material combinations exhibited a low volume wear rate ranging from about 1.2 x 10(-6) to 1.6 x 10(-6) mm3/km. The wear behavior of pure titanium seems to be related not only to its mechanical properties but also to its chemical reactivity with the test environment. A comparison of the current results with earlier data for LTI carbons suggests that LTI carbons may be used as a component material for many artificial joints.</p>","PeriodicalId":75990,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bioengineering","volume":"1 3","pages":"223-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11819071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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