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International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy最新文献

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Pharmacopsychological investigations concerning the combined effects of dipotassium clorazepate and ethanol. 氯氮卓酸二钾与乙醇联合作用的药物心理学研究。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-05-01
M Staak, G Raff, W Nusser
{"title":"Pharmacopsychological investigations concerning the combined effects of dipotassium clorazepate and ethanol.","authors":"M Staak,&nbsp;G Raff,&nbsp;W Nusser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of a single dosage of 20 mg dipotassium clorazepate (DPC) on reaction times, with and without administration of ethanol (1 g/kg body weight), was studied in 14 male subjects. When administered in the evening, the sort-term effect of DPC consisted of slightly increased optic reaction times and decreased endurance and concentration. With simultaneous administration of ethanol, all types of performance studied were significantly impaired; impairment was more pronounced than with the ethanol tests. On the following morning at the second retest, performance levels almost completely returned to those at the onset of testing. This restitution, however, was not as pronounced with subjects who had only received DPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 5","pages":"205-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11260774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digoxin clearance and glomerular filtration rate. 地高辛清除率和肾小球滤过率。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
C R Lucchini, L Padeletti, A Marsilii, M C Porciani, G Bertini
{"title":"Digoxin clearance and glomerular filtration rate.","authors":"C R Lucchini,&nbsp;L Padeletti,&nbsp;A Marsilii,&nbsp;M C Porciani,&nbsp;G Bertini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors have studied the correlation between digoxin clearance and glomerular filtration rate. This correlation was better than between digoxin clearance and creatinine clearance without reducing the error of a programed therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"186-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11653006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The pharmacokinetics of dapsone and acetylated dapsone in serum and saliva. 氨苯砜和乙酰化氨苯砜在血清和唾液中的药动学。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
K Lammintausta, L Kangas, R Lammintausta
{"title":"The pharmacokinetics of dapsone and acetylated dapsone in serum and saliva.","authors":"K Lammintausta,&nbsp;L Kangas,&nbsp;R Lammintausta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concentrations of dapsone (DDS) and its acetylated derivatives (MADDS and DADDS) were determined in the serum and saliva after one oral dose of dapsone until 72 hr. The peak serum concentrations of DDS and MADDS were reached, on average, at 3.8--4.3 hr after the dosage. The amounts of DADDS were negligible. The elimination half-life of the first order kinetics was, on average, at 20--21 hr for both DDS and MADDS. The study group included 6 rapid acetylators and 4 slow acetylators with the mean ratios MADDS/DDS 1.0 and 0.19, respectively. No difference in the pharmacokinetics of DDS or MADDS could be seen between the rapid and slow acetylators. The protein-free fractions of DDS and MADDS were 50 and 41 per cent, respectively, of the total serum concentrations as measured at 8 and 32 hr after the dosage. The salivary concentration of DDS was, on average, 49 per cent of the total serum concentration during the whole study period. The salivary concentration of MADDS was 40 per cent, respectively. The elimination half-life of DDS and MADDS in saliva did not differ from that in serum. Between the salivary and serum protein-free concentrations a strict correlation existed (p less than 0.001). The salivary concentration of dapsone and its monoacetyl derivative reflect the protein-free, active drug in serum.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"159-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11653083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disposition and antiarrhythmic effect of lorcainide. 氯卡胺的处置及抗心律失常作用。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
U Klotz, P Müller-Seydlitz, P Heimburg
{"title":"Disposition and antiarrhythmic effect of lorcainide.","authors":"U Klotz,&nbsp;P Müller-Seydlitz,&nbsp;P Heimburg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The disposition and the antiarrhythmic effect of lorcainide (R 15,889) were investigated in 11 patients with ventricular premature beats (VPB) after a single intravenous dose of 100 mg or 2 mg/kg and after multiple intravenous and oral dosing. Pharmacokinetic parameters were computed according to the two-compartment open model. The half-life of the initial phase, t 1/2 (alpha), was calculated as 0.3 +/- 0.1 hr (mean +/- SD) and the terminal half-life, t 1/2 (beta), varied independently of the dose and route of administration between 5.8 and 12.5 hr (7.8 +/- 2.5 hr). After the single intravenous dose total plasma clearance (Cl) ranged from 570 to 1670 ml/min (988 +/- 425 ml/min) while after multiple dosing Cl decreased to 666 +/- 27 ml/min. Comparison of the area under the curves during steady state (ss) indicated a complete bioavailability of multiple oral doses. After the single intravenous dose, VPB were diminished or reduced for about 4 hr if the plasma concentrations exceeded 120 to 150 ng/ml. During ss-therapy plasma levels fluctuated between 200 and 550 ng/ml with an effective prevention of arrhythmias. Thus, the new drug demonstrates a therapeutic range of approximately 150 to 400 ng/ml and oral therapy seems to be effective with 100 mg t. i. d.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"152-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11584800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics of terbutaline after subcutaneous administration. 特布他林皮下给药后的药代动力学。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
J G Leferink, H Lamont, I Wagemaker-Engels, R A Maes, R Pouwels, M van der Straeten
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of terbutaline after subcutaneous administration.","authors":"J G Leferink,&nbsp;H Lamont,&nbsp;I Wagemaker-Engels,&nbsp;R A Maes,&nbsp;R Pouwels,&nbsp;M van der Straeten","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pharmacokinetics of terbutaline has been studied after subcutaneous adminsitration of a therapeutic dose of 250 microgram in 14 patients. Short absorption half-lives of about 7 min resulted in a fast uptake of the drug. Serum concentrations of terbutaline were measured up to 10 hr after administration, depending on the individual. An open one-compartment model appeared adequate for the mathematical description of the kinetics in most patients. Elimination constants of 0.27 +/- 0.07 hr-1 were observed. The elimination process was biphasic in 5 patients with a mean elimination constant of the second phase of 0.10 +/- 0.04 hr-1. This resulted in a comparatively high concentration of 0.7 ng/ml 10 hr after administration. Regular use of terbutaline did not influence the pharmacokinetic data in a significant way.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"181-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11653005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plasma protein binding of salicylate and quinidine in patients with multiple myeloma. 多发性骨髓瘤患者血浆蛋白结合水杨酸和奎尼丁。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
M Perez-Mateo, S Erill
{"title":"Plasma protein binding of salicylate and quinidine in patients with multiple myeloma.","authors":"M Perez-Mateo,&nbsp;S Erill","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The plasma protein binding of salicylate, a representative acidic drug, and of quinidine, a representative basic drug, has been studied in patients with multiple myeloma, a disease characterized by a profound alteration of the plasma protein pattern. Abnormal binding of salicylate was detected only in patients with high values of circulating abnormal protein. Plasma protein binding of quinidine was not altered in any of the patients studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"168-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11653085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics of Amikacin (BB-K8) in patients with normal or impaired renal function. 阿米卡星(BB-K8)在肾功能正常或受损患者中的药代动力学。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
J M Lanao, A Domínguez-Gil, J M Tabernero, S De Castro
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Amikacin (BB-K8) in patients with normal or impaired renal function.","authors":"J M Lanao,&nbsp;A Domínguez-Gil,&nbsp;J M Tabernero,&nbsp;S De Castro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pharmacokinetics of Amikacin (BB-K8) were determined after a single i.v. injection of 7.8 mg of the antibiotic/kg of body weight. It was administered to 10 patients with normal renal function and 19 patients with varying degrees of renal impairment. The elimination of Amikacin from plasma was seen to follow the course of an open two-compartment model system. From patients with normal renal function, values for the following pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained: alpha = 4.219 hr-1; beta = 0.292 hr-1; K12 = 2.218 hr-1; K21 = 0.859 hr-1; K13 = 1.432 hr-1; Vc = 3.125 1; Vp = 8.068 1 and Vdss = 11.193 1. As the relationship K12/K21 is greater than 1, it may be seen that there is a tendency for the antibiotic to accumulate in the peripheric compartment. Impaired renal function significantly diminishes the values recorded for alpha, beta, K12, K21, K13. Distribution volumes are significantly increased in patients with renal impairment. A linear relationship between the K13 of Amikacin and creatinine clearance is demonstrated. Adjustment of Amikacin dosage, according to the individual degree of renal impairment, may be obtained by spacing out the injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"171-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11653004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antibiotic consumption in Italy. 意大利的抗生素消费量。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
C Grassi
{"title":"Antibiotic consumption in Italy.","authors":"C Grassi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"164-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11653084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NAB 365 (clenbuterol) and salbutamol in asthmatics: a double-blind clinical trial. 盐酸克仑特罗和沙丁胺醇在哮喘患者中的应用:一项双盲临床试验。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
C Pasotti, A Capra, C Vibelli
{"title":"NAB 365 (clenbuterol) and salbutamol in asthmatics: a double-blind clinical trial.","authors":"C Pasotti,&nbsp;A Capra,&nbsp;C Vibelli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A double-blind comparison between orally administered NAB 365 (clenbuterol) and salbutamol was conducted in 30 impatients with either asthma or chronic bronchitis with asthma who had at least 15% reversibility in airway obstruction following inhalation of 1,500 microgram of orciprenaline. NAB 365 (clenbuterol) was administered to 15 patients at 30 microgram b.i.d. for 3 days; then the dosage was reduced to 20 microgram b.i.d. Salbutamol was administered to the other 15 patients at 4 mg t.i.d. Both drugs were administered for an average of 13 days. NAB 365 (clenbuterol) was shown to be an effective bronchodilator, with more rapid activity than that of salbutamol, on the FVC, FEV1, PEFR, the differences being significant on the third and seventh day of treatment. These findings are briefly discussed. No significant cardiovascular effects were noted for either drug, nor were differences found in need for additional treatment or in side-effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"176-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11584801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical studies of thyrotropin-releasing hormone tartrate (TRH-T) as a direct stimulant to the central nervous system. 促甲状腺激素释放激素酒石酸盐(TRH-T)作为中枢神经系统直接兴奋剂的临床研究。
International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy Pub Date : 1979-04-01
M Ogashiwa, K Takeuchi
{"title":"Clinical studies of thyrotropin-releasing hormone tartrate (TRH-T) as a direct stimulant to the central nervous system.","authors":"M Ogashiwa,&nbsp;K Takeuchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyrotropin-releasing hormone tartrate (TRH-T) was administered in 17 cases of organic brain lesions and 2 cases of disturbed mental activity (psychical depression), and its effect, mainly on the level of consciousness and electroencephalogram, was examined. Ten consecutive administrations of 0.5--1.0 mg/day TRH-T, as TRH, resulted in improvement of disturbance of consciousness in 8 of 16 cases. This effect was not necessarily correlated with the degree of disturbance or the site of the lesion. Improvement was seen even in those cases where disturbance of consciousness had been fixed over a long period. The effect on the electroencephalogram was small and did not parallel the degree of improvement of the level of consciousness. Abnormal TSH and thyroid hormone values were not seen despite the continued administration of TRH-T. These results would appear to indicate that the continuous administration of TRH-T has a mild activating effect directly on the central nervous system, and not through the endocrine mechanism, and exerts no damage on the internal environment in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":75937,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and biopharmacy","volume":"17 4","pages":"145-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11258691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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