International journal of bio-medical computing最新文献_第10页

A new approach to differential diagnosis of diseases 一种新的疾病鉴别诊断方法

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01143-9

M.R. Ortíz-Posadas , J.F. Martínez-Trinidad , J. Ruíz-Shulcloper

引用次数: 24

An integrated rule- and case-based approach to AIDS initial assessment 基于规则和案例的艾滋病初步评估综合方法

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01145-5

Li D. Xu

引用次数: 42

Volume contents volume 40 (1996) 卷目录第40卷(1996年)

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1996-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0020-7101(96)80013-4

引用次数: 0

A new drug classification for computer systems: the ATC extension code 一种用于计算机系统的新型药物分类:ATC扩展码

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01135-2

G.C. Miller, H. Britt

{"title":"A new drug classification for computer systems: the ATC extension code","authors":"G.C. Miller, H. Britt","doi":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01135-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01135-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the testing of the Read Clinical Codes in general practice medical records in Australia, it became apparent that the pharmaceutical section of the codes was not applicable in a country with different brand names, pack sizes and forms. For pharmacoepidemiological studies, structured classification of both morbidity and pharmaceuticals is required for meaningful analysis. The search for a suitable pharmaceutical classification proved fruitless. While the Australian Government has recently adopted the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification as the national standard, this only classifies drugs to the generic level. None of the extended coding systems used in hospital pharmacies, by community pharmacists, or by Government are hierarchically structured. The extension code we have developed, is an analytical algorithm comprising independent fields for: dosage; strength; manufacturer and brand; and pack size. The codes within each field are also structured in a hierarchical manner. The result is an extension code of 21 digits, each digit or group of digits having a meaning. The structure of this classification will allow analysis of any aspect of the drug prescribed. This system is designed for computerised entry of text and transparent coding of the data — not for manual coding on paper nor manual code entry to the computer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75935,"journal":{"name":"International journal of bio-medical computing","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 121-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-7101(95)01135-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19814623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Multimedia clinical examination: the time honoured art and science mirrored digitally 多媒体临床检验:古老的艺术与科学的数字化镜像

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01134-Z

Eugene Loke

引用次数: 4

Prudent expert systems with credentials: managing the expertise of decision support systems 审慎的专家系统与证书:管理决策支持系统的专业知识

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01136-3

Glenn Edwards , Byeong Ho Kang , Philip Preston , Paul Compton

{"title":"Prudent expert systems with credentials: managing the expertise of decision support systems","authors":"Glenn Edwards , Byeong Ho Kang , Philip Preston , Paul Compton","doi":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01136-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01136-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>‘Black box’ expert systems (ES) are mistrusted by clinicians. Errors generated by medical ES are also a significant cause for concern. We report new ES properties — prudence and credentials — that improve error management and underpin a new approach for improving the credibility of ES for clinical users. Prudent ES modify their output according to past experience. For a knowledge base built from 1610 cases, feature exception prudence (FEP) detected all interpretation errors (100% sensitivity for error detection). Although the false positive rate for FEP was high (47%), the 100%) sensitivity meant that the 53% of cases that did not produce flags could be exempted from human validation. As more cases are processed, fewer cases should need human validation. Feature recognition prudence (FRP), a property of ripple down rules (RDR), proposed the correct alternative conclusion in 14% of incorrectly interpreted cases. Human expert validation of the flagged cases enabled context-sensitive credentials (accuracy, incidence and specificity of a given conclusion) to accumulate. Credentials should enable the user to judge the credibility of the ES output. An error management strategy based on credentialled, prudent ES should reduce the impact of error in the clinical environment. The empowerment of clinicians to critically evaluate ES credibility may facilitate greater confidence in, and acceptance of, ES by clinicians.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75935,"journal":{"name":"International journal of bio-medical computing","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 125-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-7101(95)01136-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19814624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Rapid application development in small unit settings 快速应用程序开发在小单位设置

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01140-A

Jason C.H. Yap

{"title":"Rapid application development in small unit settings","authors":"Jason C.H. Yap","doi":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01140-A","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01140-A","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Small units with specialised functions often have difficulty in developing information systems because of their unique and dynamic requirements, the smallness of their applications relative to the large inter-organisational networks, and the sheer numbers of such units, especially in government. Personal experience with the difficulty of establishing a suitable information system has led to the development of a methodology for endusers to develop their own applications with only the guidance of information technology professionals (ITPs) — here entitled ‘Small Unit Enduser Rapid Application Development’ or SERAD. A data base management system (DBMS) is used to manage data about ‘focal objects’ with status flags and queries/views at interface points through UDA (UserAction, DataEntry, ApplicationAction) cycles. The system which permits data entry almost immediately, not only eventually creates a full application, but also trains endusers in the process. The methodology leads ITPs and endusers through a sequence of exercises in systems analysis, tailored to minimise the time and effort input of ITPs despite the relative lack of IT training and concepts in endusers, with a view to rapidly creating dynamic, robust and sound information systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75935,"journal":{"name":"International journal of bio-medical computing","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-7101(95)01140-A","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19814628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Philippine management information system for public health programs, vital statistics, mortality and notifiable diseases 菲律宾公共卫生计划、生命统计、死亡率和法定疾病的管理信息系统

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01133-Y

Benjamin Ariel Marte, Detlef Schwefel

{"title":"The Philippine management information system for public health programs, vital statistics, mortality and notifiable diseases","authors":"Benjamin Ariel Marte, Detlef Schwefel","doi":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01133-Y","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01133-Y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strengthening the information support for decision making has been identified as an important first step toward improving the efficiency, effectiveness, and equitability of the health care system in the Philippines. A Philippine-German Cooperation is in partnership toward developing a need-responsive and cost-effective Health and Management Information System (HAMIS). Four information baskets are being strengthened specifically to address these needs in a cost-effective way: public health information systems, hospital information systems, information systems on economics and financing, information systems on good health care management. BLACKBOX is the management information system for public health programs, vital statistics, mortality and notifiable diseases of the Philippines. It handles and retrieves all data that is being collected by public health workers routinely all over the Philippines. The eventual aim of BLACKBOX is to encourage the development of an information culture in which health managers actively utilise information for rational planning and decision making for a knowledge based health care delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75935,"journal":{"name":"International journal of bio-medical computing","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-7101(95)01133-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19814717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The crucial roles of standards and strategy in developing a regional health information network 标准和战略在发展区域卫生信息网络中的关键作用

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01131-W

Roderick Neame

{"title":"The crucial roles of standards and strategy in developing a regional health information network","authors":"Roderick Neame","doi":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01131-W","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0020-7101(95)01131-W","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contemporary medical practice increasingly involves the use of inter-professional teams and complex care protocols. Increasing emphasis on value for money, medical audit, quality assurance and optimal outcomes requires that the practitioner has ready access to large amounts of up-to-date information, and that various abstracts and summaries of cases are made available quickly to providers, purchaser/funders, statisticians and researchers, and others. Rapid movements of large quantities of information is vital for the future success of health care: development of health information networks are vital strategic goals. In 1991 New Zealand initiated a widespread process of health services reform, whose success depended upon better availability and faster movements of information. The first phase of a national network to support these needs was successfully implemented in mid 1993: this provided for a point of connection for all individuals and organisations involved in the health sector, using commercial networking services. Fundamental to this development has been the adoption adaptation and development of appropriate standards and specifications for interconnection profiles, communications protocols, message formats, privacy and security requirements classification and coding systems and data element definitions. These have been selected to provide the maximum utility whilst imposing the minimum of constraints on the diversity of end user systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75935,"journal":{"name":"International journal of bio-medical computing","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0020-7101(95)01131-W","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19815863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The library of the future: an informatics institution 未来的图书馆:一个信息学机构

International journal of bio-medical computing Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0020-7101(95)01129-3

Marion J. Ball

引用次数: 7