Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"A New Green and Efficient Method for Pyranopyrazoles Synthesis in a Single Pot Using Multiple Components, In Silico Pharmacokinetics with Cytotoxic Assessments","authors":"N. N. Jha,&nbsp;B. R. Thorat,&nbsp;S. N. Mali,&nbsp;S. A. Tawade,&nbsp;Umang Shah,&nbsp;R. S. Yamgar","doi":"10.1134/S1068162025010066","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162025010066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Objective:</b> A multi-component development method that does not include a catalyst has been developed for the environmentally friendly synthesis of pyranopyrazole derivatives containing a thioether bond. <b>Methods:</b> This method includes non-hazardous solvents and catalysts, conducts a basic workup, and achieves quantitative yields to eliminate contaminants. Furthermore, the antifungal and antibacterial characteristics of all the reported compounds were examined. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> Compounds (<b>Ve</b>) and (<b>Vf</b>) demonstrated superior antifungal activity compared to fluconazole against both <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>S. cerevisiae</i> at a concentration of 40 µg/mL. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings provide evidence that these active chemicals could be a solid foundation for future research into developing novel antioxidant and antibacterial medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"298 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrazide-Hydrazone Derivatives and Their Antitubercular Activity","authors":"B. R. Thorat,&nbsp;S. N. Mali,&nbsp;Umang Shah,&nbsp;A. Garg,&nbsp;R. Agrawal,&nbsp;S. A. Arvindekar,&nbsp;J. N. Cruz,&nbsp;M. Santana de Oliveira,&nbsp;A. B. Shaik,&nbsp;B. V. S. Lokesh","doi":"10.1134/S1068162025010054","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162025010054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review aims to evaluate the mechanisms of action of current and emerging anti-TB drugs and molecules, emphasizing hydrazone functionality. Hydrazone compounds, featuring an azomethine group (R₁–HN–N=CR₂R₃), exhibit potent anti-TB and broad-spectrum anti-infective properties. It includes the synthesis and biological testing of hydrazide-hydrazones, with a focus on their anti-TB activities reported in the literature. It highlights promising candidates for future anti-TB therapies, underscoring hydrazones’ role as a crucial pharmacophore in drug design against tuberculosis and other infectious diseases. This review summarizes pivotal findings in the development of hydrazone-based compounds, contributing to the ongoing search for effective anti-infective agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":"35 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Study of Silver-modified Powder Lignocellulose by Computer Simulation of Atomic Structure","authors":"D. V. Gromyko,&nbsp;A. I. Prusskii,&nbsp;O. V. Tokko,&nbsp;N. E. Kotel’nikova","doi":"10.1134/S1068162024070197","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162024070197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Objective:</b> In the present work we set ourselves the following tasks: to perform a comparative XRD study of samples of the powder lignocellulose isolated from hardwood pulp and the same samples containing embedded silver and also to perform a computer-aided construction of an atomic con-figuration that describes the structure of the silver-modified cellulose. <b>Methods:</b> The structure of silver-modified powder cellulose isolated from hardwood lignocellu-lose was studied by X-ray structural analysis and computer simulation. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> A full-profile analysis showed that the studied sample belongs to the monoclinic phase of cellulose Iβ with an antiparallel arrangement of molecules, with the unit cell lattice parameters <i>a</i> = 7.881 Å, <i>b</i> = 7.837 Å, <i>c</i> = 10.603 Å, γ = 95.63°, and volume <i>V</i> = 652 ų. The sizes of the coherent scattering regions (CSRs) of the sample were calculated by the Scherrer equation and used to analyze the supramo-lecular structure. An increase in the CSR in the [100] direction and a decrease in the CSR in the [001] direction compared to the respective parameters of powder lignocellulose were observed. The cross-sectional area of the fibril of the modified sample in the <i>ab</i> plane (980 Ų) was found to be ~8% larger than that of powder cellulose. The crystallinity index (CI) calculated by the Ruland method estimated at 79% which was 7% higher than that of powder cellulose. <b>Conclusions:</b> The final cluster formula of the silver-modified powder cellulose was determined as C₆O₅H_10.12Ag_0.08.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2765 - 2772"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermochemical Conversion of Wheat Straw Dioxane Lignin in a Sub/Supercritical Dimethyl Carbonate Medium","authors":"S. S. Shashkina,&nbsp;N. P. Tiguntseva,&nbsp;S. N. Evstaf’ev","doi":"10.1134/S1068162025070234","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162025070234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Objective:</b> The main goal of this study was to investigate the thermochemical conversion of wheat straw dioxane lignin in a sub/supercritical dimethyl carbonate medium. The object of our study was the dioxane lignin isolated from wheat straw. The conversion of wheat straw dioxane lignin in a sub/supercritical dimethyl carbonate medium was studied. <b>Methods:</b> The experiment was performed in an autoclave in a temperature range from 200°C to 350°C. The low-molecular-weight products were extracted from the liquid fraction using hexane; GC-MS was used to study their composition. The solid products were analyzed by IR spectroscopy. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> The low-molecular-weight products consist of esters, aldehydes, ketones, and alkyl aromatic compounds. Thirty-four compounds were identified by GC-MS, including 12 C₆–C₃ compounds, i.e., those whose structures match the generally recognized phenylpropane unit of lignin. The low-molecular-weight products fraction is predominantly comprised of methyl esters of aromatic and fatty acids. More than 95% of the identified low-molecular-weight products are veratric-type compounds. New data on the conversion undergone by the wheat straw dioxane lignin in a sub/supercritical dimethyl carbonate medium were obtained. It was shown that high solubility of dioxane lignin under subcritical conditions may be due to cleavage of intermolecular interaction, including hydrogen bonds between the dioxane lignin macromolecules, as a result of thermal exposure and methylation reactions. Fragmentation of the dioxane lignin macromolecules under supercritical conditions involves the processes of radical cleavage of the alkyl aryl ether bonds, as well as the dealkylation, dehydration, methylation, transesterification, and demetoxylation reactions. <b>Conclusions:</b> New data on the conversion of wheat straw dioxane lignin in a sub/supercritical dimethyl carbonate medium were obtained.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2781 - 2786"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for Modifying the Structure of Chitin and Chitosan of Higher Mushroom to Expand Their Application Potential (A Review)","authors":"D. V. Minakov,&nbsp;E. Yu. Egorova,&nbsp;V. I. Markin,&nbsp;N. G. Bazarnova","doi":"10.1134/S1068162024070124","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162024070124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The review summarizes the scientific information on the chemical structure and properties of chitin and chitosan isolated from the mushrooms biomass and analyzes the directions for their modification for the application in food industry and medicine as antibacterial, antiviral, wound-healing, and anticoagulant agents. The features of the synthesis of chitin by mushroom of the <i>Basidiomycota</i>, <i>Ascomycota</i>, and <i>Deuteromycota</i> classes and the synthesis of chitosan by lower fungi of the <i>Zygomycota</i> class are covered. It is shown that higher mushroom contain chitin in their cell walls in the form of a chitin–glucan complex, while lower fungi (zygomycetes) contain chitin in the form of a chitosan–glucan complex. The active components of the substrates that affect the production of polysaccharides by mushroom are identified, specifically carbohydrates in the form of glucose, sucrose, and maltose, organic forms of nitrogen in the form of yeast extract and corn flour, mineral components in the form of dihydrogen phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. Particular attention is paid to the methods for the isolation of chitin and its modification to chitosan, carboxymethyl and sulfo derivatives of chitin and chitosan polymers, as well as to detailed description of the physicochemical and biological properties of the polymers. The choice of appropriate conditions and reagents for carboxymethylation of chitin and chitosan makes it possible to obtain carboxymethyl chitin, <i>N</i>- and <i>O</i>-carboxymethyl chitosans, as well as <i>N</i>,<i>O</i>- or <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-bis(carboxymethyl)chitosans. The biological properties and application of these groups of compounds are described. The properties and applications of carboxymethyl derivatives of chitin and chitosan strongly depend on their structure, degree of substitution, and arrangement of the amino or hydroxyl groups. Sodium monochloroacetate and monochloroacetic and glyoxalic acids are the main carboxymethylation reagents. Carboxymethyl derivatives of chitin and chitosan are used as drug delivery systems, antimicrobial agents, components of cosmetics and food products, as well as tissue engineering scaffolds. The modification of chitosan with sulfo groups gives chitosan 2-<i>N</i>-, 6-<i>O</i>-, and 3-<i>O</i>-sulfates sulfates and 2-<i>N</i>-6-<i>O</i>-disulfates. The main sulfonating agents are oleum, pyridine, and chlorosulfonic acid. Sulfonic derivatives of chitin and chitosan can be used to produce hemocompatible materials (with antithrombotic and antibacterial activities).</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2711 - 2729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Characterization of the Saussurea Salicifolia L. Polysaccharide Complex and Its NO-Stimulating Properties","authors":"E. I. Gulina,&nbsp;A. V. Zykova,&nbsp;A. A. Ligacheva,&nbsp;M. G. Danilets,&nbsp;E. S. Trofimova,&nbsp;N. S. Selivanova,&nbsp;E. Yu. Sherstoboev,&nbsp;E. A. Gorobets,&nbsp;S. V. Krivoshchekov,&nbsp;M. V. Belousov","doi":"10.1134/S1068162024070203","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162024070203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Objective:</b> A polysaccharide complex (PSC) from the aboveground part of <i>Saussurea salicifolia</i> L. (<i>SS</i>) was isolated and studied to show that SS PSC contains 54.99 ± 0.53% hexose, 12.99 ± 0.26% uronic acids, and 5.24 ± 0.04% protein and neutral monosaccharides represented by glucose, galactose, xylose, and rhamnose in a molar ratio of 1.67 : 1.00 : 1.20 : 1 &gt; 42. <b>Methods:</b> Five main components were isolated by ion exchange chromatography. The structure of the isolated polysaccharides (PSs) was characterized by physicochemical methods, specifically IR spectroscopy, high-performance exclusive chromatography, and gas-liquid chromatography, as well as by the Congo red reaction. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> All the PSs have different contents of hexoses (from 32.46 ± 2.63 to 83.64 ± 5.93%), uronic acids (from 2.56 ± 0.17 to 20.07 ± 3.70%), and a little of protein (0.75 ± 0.13 to 2.28 ± 0.17%). The isolated polysaccharide samples are highly homogeneous and have different monomeric compositions. The major component of <i>SS</i>-1 PS is galactose, <i>SS</i>-2, <i>SS</i>-3, and <i>SS</i>-4 PSs contain mostly rhamnose, and glucose and xylose predominate in <i>SS</i>-5 PS. The triple helix structure is established for <i>SS</i> PSC and <i>SS</i>-5 PS. <b>Conclusions:</b> The isolated PSs stimulated NO synthase of peritoneal macrophages at the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level, and samples 3, 4, and 5 showed an endotoxin-independent activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2773 - 2780"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Chemical Composition of Stachys Palustris L. Essential Oil Producing in the Astrakhan Region","authors":"A. V. Velikorodov,&nbsp;A. P. Laktionov,&nbsp;S. B. Nosachev,&nbsp;L. V. Morozova,&nbsp;T. A. Nosacheva","doi":"10.1134/S1068162024070033","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162024070033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Objective:</b> The aim of this work is to study the component composition of essential oil obtained from the above-ground parts of wild-growing <i>Stachys Palustris</i> L. in the Astrakhan region and the dependence of the yield of essential oil on the vegetation period of the plant. <b>Methods:</b> Essential oil samples were obtained by hydrodistillation. The GC-MS method was used to perform a quantitative analysis of the main components of the essential oil of <i>Stachys palustris</i> L. in the flowering phase. The quantitative content of essential oil components was calculated from the areas of gas chromatographic peaks without using correction coefficients. Qualitative analysis was performed by comparing linear retention indices. The essential oil yield was determined in % based on the weight of air-dry raw materials. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> In the results, it is found that the composition of the essential oil of <i>Stachys palustris</i> L. turned out to be very specific. 47 compounds belonging to different classes have been identified. The main classes of compounds are fatty acids and acid esters (36.23%), carbonyl compounds (14.25%), and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (12.90%), phenols (5.85%). Among sesquiterpenoids, the predominant component of essential oil is hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (7.5%). The oil also contains (<i>Z</i>)-phytol (6.78%), thymol (4.2%), β-ionone (3.36%), and β-caryophyllene (2.87%). The non-specific components of the essential oil of the taxon <i>Stachys palustris</i> are coumarin (10.27%) and coumaran (0.36%). The highest yield of essential oil was obtained from plants in the flowering phase (0.19–0.20%). <b>Conclusions:</b> The work obtained data on the features of the chemical composition of the essential oil of <i>Stachys palustris</i> L., growing wild in the Astrakhan region, which is probably due to both its taxon species affiliation and the climatic conditions of growth and the allelopathic effect of biocenoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2847 - 2852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ability of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) to Accumulate Germanium under Natural and Experimental Conditions","authors":"A. V. Polyakov,&nbsp;T. V. Alekseeva","doi":"10.1134/S1068162024070215","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162024070215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Objective:</b> The ability of garlic to accumulate germanium under natural and experimental conditions was discussed. <b>Methods:</b> The efficiency of accumulation of germanium in the garlic bulbs was dependent on the plant dressing method. Non-root (foliar) dressing proved to be 5 times more effective than root dressing; it afforded an increase in the germanium concentration within the garlic bulb tissues to 20.0 μg/kg. More effective was non-root dressing using Germatranol solution added with dimethyl sulfoxide, facilitating penetration of germanium into the plant tissues. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> The content of germanium in the bulbs of 24 samples of winter garlic varieties (19 samples) and spring garlic varieties (5 samples), grown in the lowland conditions of the Voronezh, Moscow, and Tver oblasts, as well as in the mountain conditions of the Shandong province (PRC), Karachay-Cherkessia, and Altai Mountains, was found to be at a low level. The germanium content in the bulbs did not exceed 4.2 μg/kg in 23 samples; in the sample grown in the conditions of Karachay-Cherkessia the content of this element was 5.0 μg/kg. <b>Conclusions:</b> It was shown that the efficiency of germanium accumulation in the garlic bulbs depends on the method of application of the germanium-containing substance. It was found that garlic roots and leaves accumulated germanium most actively; the respective germanium concentrations in these organs were 115.2 and 141.0 times higher than in the control. In the garlic cloves, the concentration of this element exceeded that in the control by 37.1 times, being 78 μg/kg.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2904 - 2909"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability of the Trace Element Composition of the Underground and Aboveground Shoots of Nonea Rossica Stev.","authors":"D. S. Kruglov,&nbsp;V. V. Velichko,&nbsp;M. E. Kartashova","doi":"10.1134/S1068162024070021","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068162024070021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Objective:</b> This research goal to evaluate the variability of the contents of microelements in the underground and aboveground organs of <i>Nonea Rossica</i> Steven. <b>Methods:</b> The objects of the study were the aboveground and underground shoots of <i>N. rossica</i> from plants collected during the flowering phase. The contents of microelements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. <b>Results and Discussion:</b> The analyzed elements were divided into three groups (1) group 1: biogenic elements B, K, P, V, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Si, and Zn and also Ni and Co: group 2: elements having a dominant toxic influence : Ag, Al, Ba, Br, Cr, I, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti and group 3: toxic elements As, Bi, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, Te, Th, Tl, and U. It was established that the mean value of the coefficient of variation for the nutrients (group 1) in the aboveground parts of the plants is 27.8%, being significantly lower compared to the group 2 and group 3 elements (44.8 and 50.2%, respectively). At the same time, for the underground organs of the plants, the coefficients of variation for the elements of all groups do not differ significantly, being 41.7, 44.7, and 52.3% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> The revealed patterns allow considering medicinal plant raw materials “<i>Nonea rossicae</i> herba” as a promising source for the creation of phytomedicines with sufficiently reproducibly contents of B, K, P, V, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Si, Zn, Ni, and Co to be used for prevention of diselementoses</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2826 - 2833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and Biomedical Properties of Lignins (A Review)","authors":"A. P. Karmanov,&nbsp;A. V. Ermakova,&nbsp;O. V. Raskosha,&nbsp;L. A. Bashlykova,&nbsp;N. G. Rachkova,&nbsp;L. S. Kocheva","doi":"10.1134/S106816202407001X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106816202407001X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This literature review is in line with current trends in the development of nature-like technologies and is devoted to the analysis of the chemical structure and to the search for new ways to use lignins for biomedical applications. Lignins are unique biopolymers of plant origin, whose structural organization is multivariate and largely depends on the biological species of a plant. Basic structural and chemical studies on various native lignins increasingly refine our knowledge of the macromolecules structure of this key plant biopolymer, and examining lignins of various taxonomic origins shows to what extent evolution and natural variability have resulted in a complication of the chemical structure of the lignin macromolecules, in particular, through the incorporation of “non-traditional” phenolic monomers. This suggests that lignins contain much more structural units than the three traditional monolignol variants described in lignin chemistry textbooks. As a result, the very definition of lignin continues to be expanded and refined. Currently, there is a dramatic increase in interest in lignin-based materials, mainly due to their diverse beneficial properties such as biodegradability, chemical reactivity, biocompatibility, low toxicity, and a wide range of biological activities. One of the main objectives of this review article was to identify and discuss the mechanisms of the biological action of lignins on living organisms with the view to assessing the biomedical potential and substantiating the possibility of use of lignins as innovative drugs with antioxidant, radiation-protective, and geroprotective effects. Finding new ways to use lignins is necessary to meet the challenge of preservation of health, improvement of quality of life, and extension of life expectancy of people.</p>","PeriodicalId":758,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry","volume":"50 7","pages":"2657 - 2674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}