M Jobert, W Scheuler, W Röske, E Poiseau, S Kubicki
{"title":"[Pattern recognition techniques in sleep polygraphy].","authors":"M Jobert, W Scheuler, W Röske, E Poiseau, S Kubicki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evaluation of EEG-patterns is usually accomplished by visual analysis. Nowadays however, even personal computers are fast enough for an efficient pattern recognition of EEG signals. Using sleep spindles and K-complexes as examples, our aim was to demonstrate how patterns can be detected in an EEG signal with a high degree of accuracy. Furthermore, recognition of K-complexes has been improved by applying an additional \"adaptive algorithm\" allowing individual adjustments to the signal's form and amplitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 3","pages":"178-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12927147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Primary extinct evoked cerebral potentials in the diagnosis of brain death].","authors":"W F Haupt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a collective of 82 patients with the clinical signs of brain death and examination of evoked cerebral potentials the incidence of primary abolished evoked potentials was studied. The initial examination occurred at the same time after onset of disease in both groups. We found a marked correlation with the clinical course of the patients. Whereas the group with primary loss of evoked potentials mainly contained patients with intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhages and short survival times, the other group with primary preserved evoked potentials showed a high rate of ischemic infarctions and longer survival periods. The rate of primary abolished evoked potentials can be lowered only by routine examination at the earliest time possible. Outside of neurological intensive care units the early examination of evoked potentials is hardly possible. In these units, the EEG remains the technical examination of choice in the confirmation of brain death.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 3","pages":"164-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12927144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The median nerve evoked potential in normal children and youths: normal values].","authors":"G Mattigk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The derivation of cortical somatosensory evoked potentials permits a good local and functional diagnosis of supratentorial structures and the localisation of damage in this area. The special diagnostical relevance of early cortical somatosensory evoked potentials as a sage, non-invasive examination method in pediatric neurology is given both by these characteristics and by the fact that they cannot, in principle, be influenced by sleep or by drugs affecting the central nervous system. Somatosensory evoked cortical potentials of N. medianus were investigated for 35 children (17 boys, 18 girls) between the ages of 6 and 17, for whom there were no anamnestic or clinical indications of neurological or otological diseases. Investigations demonstrate that the SEPs of the N. medianus from the P15 up to and including the N55, is in every case clearly measurable in children from preschool age up to the end of adolescence. In the evaluation of the cortical SEPs, the P15, N20 and P25 were considered to be the components most stable and those most valuable for clinical practice. These could also be presented with the smallest standard deviations and side differences. The latencies of the P15 and N20 of the N. medianus show significant dependencies on the height of the children. The later potential components, side differences, interpeak intervals and amplitudes show no correlations with height. The SEPs of N. medianus show no dependencies on gender or on physical parameters such as weight or head circumference of the experiments. In summary it can be established that, using the procedure mentioned above, the cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in children can be described well and reproducibly and within practical narrow standard limits.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 3","pages":"147-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12927231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The effect of the lead electrodes on the conduction velocity of the sural nerve].","authors":"I W Husstedt, K H Grotemeyer, H P Schlake","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The result of nerve conduction velocity measuring depends upon all components of the measurement system. Earlier investigations showed that the nerve conduction velocity of the sural nerve depends also on technical attributes of recording electrodes. It was the objective of our study to investigate correlations between different recording electrodes and neurophysiological norm values as nerve conduction velocity and latency prolongation after paired stimulation of the sural nerve. Our investigations were carried out in twenty healthy volunteers aged 39 +/- 14 years. Stimulation of the sural nerve was performed at the lateral malleolus using always surface electrodes of the same type. Recording of nerve action potentials was done in each proband by four different types of electrodes. Surface electrodes consisted of tin, stainless steal and sintered silver/silver chloride, needle electrodes of stainless steel. The nerve conduction velocity using silver/silver chloride was 53.6 +/- 4.3 m/sec, using tin electrodes 53.1 +/- 3.9 m/s, using stainless steel 51.4 +/- 3.0 m/s and using needle electrodes 48,7 +/- 2.7 m/s. The Wilcoxon-test confirmed the differences of nerve conduction velocity between needle and silver/silver chloride and tin electrodes yielding p less than 0.05. Latency prolongation after paired stimulation of the sural nerve was independent from electrodes. In conclusion, our results indicate that electrodes take part in the system of standardization. Changing of recording or stimulation electrodes provoke the necessity of new standardization of norm values in clinical neurophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 3","pages":"152-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12927142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Somatosensory evoked potentials in moderate hyperthermia].","authors":"H Strenge","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of moderate whole-body hyperthermia on the cervical and cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were studied in healthy male subjects, aged 22-32 years. They were immersed in hot water and heated to a median rectal temperature of 39.0 degrees C. Serial SEPs to median nerve stimulation were recorded during cooling at intervals of 0.1 degrees C. The general wave form and the amplitudes did not systematically change. For a 1 degrees C drop there was a median latency increase of 2.6-3.7% in cervical and 1.5-7.4% in cortical SEP components. In individual cases significant latency delays of cervical N13 and cortical N20 could already be observed at differences of 0.2 degrees and 0.5 degrees respectively. All other components showed significant latency changes at temperature intervals of 0.6 to 0.8 degrees C.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 3","pages":"157-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12927143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Potential reversal/amplitude analysis: problems of normal value determination].","authors":"J Finsterer, B Mamoli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Turn/amplitude-analysis was applied to the right m. biceps brachii and the right m. rectus femoris of 30 healthy women aged 19 to 39 years. Interference patterns were recorded at 20, 40 and 60% of the individual maximum force of both muscles. We evaluated the turns/s, the amplitude/turn and the ratios amplitude/turns:turns/s and turns/s:amplitude/turn. Normal values of the turn/amplitude-parameter were calculated as means +/- 2 SD at defined levels of force (table 1 and fig. 2) and in form of clouds (fig. 3). Our clouds were clearly different from those of Stalberg. Since normal values of our and other studies were inconsistent we believe that every laboratory has to elaborate its own normal values. Turns/s, amplitude/turn and the ratio turns/s:amplitude/turn increased and the ratio amplitude/turns/s decreased with increasing force (fig. 6 and 7). Turn/amplitude-parameters were partly significantly higher or lower in the m. biceps brachii than in the m. rectus femoris (fig. 8.).</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 3","pages":"137-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12927230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[SEP monitoring during clonidine therapy of alcohol delirium].","authors":"M Lorenz, L Verner, M Hartmann, M R Gaab","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 12 patients with developing alcohol withdrawal syndrome after abdomino-thoracic surgical procedures who were treated with Clonidine, short latency somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded. Clonidine leads to a good sedation, anxiolysis and moderated the psychotic symptoms. However, there was no significant correlation between the Clonidine medication and the SEP results over the time of drug administration concerning the primary cortical response N20 and the following N20/P25 wave. Therefore, the short-latency SEP-recording cannot provide a reliable monitoring of the good sedative effect of Clonidine in alcoholic withdrawal. The SEP responses after Clonidine are like those of morphine and are thought to have a similar central mode of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 3","pages":"168-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12927145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Taghavy, C F Kügler, L Brütting, D Taghavy, G Machbert
{"title":"[Dose-response relationships between blood alcohol concentrations and cognitive potentials (visual P300) in man].","authors":"A Taghavy, C F Kügler, L Brütting, D Taghavy, G Machbert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>20 healthy male subjects with a mean age of 24 +/- 2.7 years were intravenously administered a mean total dose of ethanol of 1.33 +/- 0.04 g ethanol/kg body weight using a perfusor device. The ethanol kinetic resulted in a \"rising phase\" of 90.2 +/- 0.9 min. in average. The PFP300 parameter in this phase of acute alcohol intoxication showed the following changes: Along with the increasing blood alcohol level the N250- and PFP300a-latencies of both the A- and B-potentials are progressively prolonged and the ascending PFP300-amplitudes are progressively reduced. The N250-latency of the B-potentials is shown to be the most sensitive parameter of the PFP300-complex already changing at a blood alcohol concentration (= b.a.c.) of 0.59 +/- 0.11% with a mean linear prolongation of 2.5 ms per 0.1 g ethanol/kg body weight. This prolongation reflects the increasing disability of the subjects to discriminate between task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli at b.c.a.-levels much below that being presently permitted for driving in the Federal Republic of Germany.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 2","pages":"83-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13095417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Analysis of the generators of early cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (N. medianus) using dipole source analysis: initial results].","authors":"H Buchner, M Scherg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is still much controversy about the contribution of the brainstem, the thalamus and the somatosensory and motor areas of the various scalp recorded peaks of the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) after median nerve stimulation. This study addressed the generator problem of the scalp recorded potentials using brain electric source analysis. In 11 normal subjects median nerve SEPs were recorded from 32 locations. The brain-electric-source-analysis revealed a minimum of 5 sources with overlapping activities in the interval of 12-35 ms post stimulus. The initial deflections were in the time range of the scalp peaks (P14, P18, N20, P22, N30), but there was no single source to fully explain a scalp peak except for the brainstem source of P14. The other sources appeared to reflect activities of the thalamo-cortical-pathway (P18), of the somatosensory areas 3b (N20) and 1 (P22) and of a fifth source (contribution maximal around 30 ms) with no consistent location. The close location of multiple sources makes the precise separation and localisation of the various sources quite difficult in individual data sets.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 2","pages":"62-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13095414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H Witte, N P Schumann, G Griessbach, H C Scholle, P Eskelinen
{"title":"[Methodologic studies in dynamic EMG mapping based on the Hilbert transformation].","authors":"H Witte, N P Schumann, G Griessbach, H C Scholle, P Eskelinen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On the basis of Discrete Hilbert Transformation spectral parameters for dynamic EMG analysis can be introduced. Within analysis intervals which are used in the same manner as in spectral analysis, the momentary power of EMG frequency bands can be computed as time series of the same interval duration. A close connection exists between momentary power and the current phenomenology of power spectral analysis because the momentary power of a defined frequency band can be seen as the exact dynamic equivalent of the corresponding mean power value deduced from the power spectrum. A multichannel EMG recording (greater than or equal to 16 channels) makes the representation of the topographical distribution of the spectral parameter by a coloured map possible. Additionally, the momentary power can be used to calculate map sequences. In this way, changes of EMG activity can be quantified by map sequences of an arbitrary time resolution. By calculation of momentary frequency via DHT an artefact detection scheme for ECG interference can be suggested. A completion of this methodology can be carried out by applications of adaptive filtration procedures. Using this concept of EMG processing, a new and common methodical basis of EMG power spectral analysis can be introduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":75812,"journal":{"name":"EEG-EMG Zeitschrift fur Elektroenzephalographie, Elektromyographie und verwandte Gebiete","volume":"22 2","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13095416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}