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[Rehabilitation in former East Germany]. [前东德的重建]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
C Seidel
{"title":"[Rehabilitation in former East Germany].","authors":"C Seidel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fundamentals of rehabilitation in the former GDR are described with particular reference to legal aspects. Interlinking of rehabilitation measures (medical, educational, occupational, social) was achieved by organisational structures on regional level (local rehabilitation centres, local rehabilitation committees) and by involving all levels of society, including employers (all the big companies worked on a nationalized basis). Difficulties are pointed out that resulted from political and ideological prejudices (children and adolescents not amenable to school education) and from inadequate financial and material resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 Suppl 3 ","pages":"191-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13002340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Blood pressure with physical stress (ergometry) of 105 normotensive, borderline hypertensive and hypertensive children and adolescents]. [105例正常、边缘性高血压及高血压儿童及青少年伴生理应激血压(测量法)]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
M Lucas, B Riechers, U Michel
{"title":"[Blood pressure with physical stress (ergometry) of 105 normotensive, borderline hypertensive and hypertensive children and adolescents].","authors":"M Lucas,&nbsp;B Riechers,&nbsp;U Michel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension is one of the principal risk factors for cardiovascular diseases; its roots go back to childhood. A load study such as ergometry can help to recognise which persons are at risk. Ergometric measurements were performed by us on 105 children and adolescents, 72 of whom had borderline hypertensive or hypertensive blood pressure levels. Of these, the blood pressure rose during stress in 14%, the proportionate share being independent of the physical activity of the subjects. However, among those whose hypertension was on a borderline level, there was a disproportionately large percentage of obese subjects. These showed in addition an increase in blood pressure with increasing load and a reduced physical performance range. Obesity and lack of physical mobility had an unfavourable influence on blood pressure. Unfortunately there are no standardised rules for assessing the blood pressure during stress in children and adolescents. This would be all the more desirable since this easy examination is of prognostic value for an early discovery of manifest hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 12","pages":"776-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12999537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Problems in physician establishment in Saxony-Anhalt--initial results of a 1991 physician survey]. [萨克森-安哈尔特州医师编制的问题——1991年医师调查的初步结果]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
R Dathe, K Werner
{"title":"[Problems in physician establishment in Saxony-Anhalt--initial results of a 1991 physician survey].","authors":"R Dathe,&nbsp;K Werner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prompted by the present structural changes in outpatient medical care in the former GDR, we conducted an inquiry among already established physicians in the federal land of Sachsen-Anhalt. Over 48% of the physicians replied to our letter i.e. we received back 413 questionnaires, which were then analysed. The physicians stated that their application for their own establishment was of vital importance, that means, it was the only way to enable them to work as physicians. They considered their own responsibility and their independence as the main advantages. The physicians feel the burden of the management of their medical practice and the new forms of billing. Initial analysis of activities of physicians in their own medical practice showed that they have become adapted to the structural changes in outpatient medical care, in a relatively short time.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 Suppl 3 ","pages":"220-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13001423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The usefulness of death certificates in epidemiological studies]. [死亡证明在流行病学研究中的作用]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
A Manz, D Flesch-Janys
{"title":"[The usefulness of death certificates in epidemiological studies].","authors":"A Manz,&nbsp;D Flesch-Janys","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An analysis of a total of 189 deaths recorded between 1953 and 1990 from two companies in Hamburg was performed to examine the question whether and if so to what extent differences existed between the causes of death (primary disease) stated in the death certificates on the one hand, and the diagnoses based on subsequent medical (clinical and pathologico-anatomical) reports, on the other. Postmortems were conducted in 94 cases; the diagnoses resulting therefrom had also been taken into consideration in 58 of the pertaining death certificates. Considerable differences were seen for the remaining 36 postmortems where only clinical diagnoses were recorded in the death certificates. In 10 cases (= 27.8%) the statements made in the death certificates did not agree with the PM diagnoses. The overall rate of deviations was 12.7% the figures for the individual fatal diseases varied, the greatest difference occurring with diseases of the heart and with chronic bronchitis and the least difference with acute apoplexy, accidents, suicides and malignant tumours. It is noted that death certificates and hence also the official statistics derived therefrom are but an inaccurate reflection of the actual distribution of causes of death in case of unicausal evaluations. The quota of diagnoses based on PM and actually taken into consideration, is an important factor in this regard. However, the data supplied by the death certificates are reasonably useful for epidemiological studies to estimate the risks involved in certain diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 12","pages":"765-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12999536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Development of bed potential and occupancy in hospitals of East Germany]. [东德医院床位潜力和使用率的发展]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
O Weiss, K Werner, P Köhler
{"title":"[Development of bed potential and occupancy in hospitals of East Germany].","authors":"O Weiss,&nbsp;K Werner,&nbsp;P Köhler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the former GDR, in-patient treatment had been performed mainly by governmental hospitals. Between 1950 and 1989 the number of hospitals was reduced from 1060 to 539 by closing uneconomic small hospitals or by combining them with bigger ones. During the same period the number of beds decreased from 197,219 to 163,305. Finally, 98.2 bed accommodations existed per 10,000 inhabitants. Information is given on personnel, financing and on the structural status of the hospitals. In-patients discharges of the hospitals were recorded by uniform documentation over about 20 years. It was therefore possible to evaluate in-patient morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 Suppl 3 ","pages":"186-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13002339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Success in inpatient psychotherapy--results of a catamnesis project in a specialist hospital for psychogenic diseases]. [住院病人心理治疗的成功————在一家心理疾病专科医院实施的治疗方案的结果]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
R Sandweg, C Sänger-Alt, G Rudolf
{"title":"[Success in inpatient psychotherapy--results of a catamnesis project in a specialist hospital for psychogenic diseases].","authors":"R Sandweg,&nbsp;C Sänger-Alt,&nbsp;G Rudolf","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article reports on the quantitative and qualitative successes of inpatient psychotherapy within the framework of a catamnesis project that was started in 1986. All the patients of one year completed at the beginning and before the end of their inpatient treatment the PSKB of Rudolf, parts of the FAPK (Koch) and the Giessen test. One year later an abridged version and 3 years later the complete questionnaire material were collected. At the end of their course 12.5% of the patients complained of deterioration, whereas 20% did not report any change and 67.6% stated that their condition had improved. The therapeutic success did not diminish during the period covered by the catamnesis. By means of a factor analysis it was possible to extract 13 factors in the PSKB that were used as basis for the profiles of the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 12","pages":"801-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12999540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Naturopathy--definition, importance in the education of physicians and pharmacists]. 【自然疗法——定义，在医生和药剂师教育中的重要性】。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
J Hartmann
{"title":"[Naturopathy--definition, importance in the education of physicians and pharmacists].","authors":"J Hartmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent legislation on licenses for physicians and pharmacists prescribes the teaching of naturopathic methods. This requires a clear definition of the subject, which is given in different ways, all definitions leading to the same result. The essential effect of naturopathic methods is to activate sick persons, i.e. it is--in the strict sense of these words--rehabilitating and preventive. Patients who were instructed by their physician and other therapists can subsequently apply these methods autonomously. To teach naturopathy and its methods is likely to be a good means to help students to develop a better understanding of causality in medicine which, as a result of recent physical knowledge and theses, has become very complex and difficult to comprehend.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 Suppl 3 ","pages":"264-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13001326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Structural change and extent of ambulatory medical care in the Saxony-Anhalt federal district]. [萨克森-安哈尔特联邦区流动医疗服务的结构变化和范围]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
K Werner, R Dathe, M Dames
{"title":"[Structural change and extent of ambulatory medical care in the Saxony-Anhalt federal district].","authors":"K Werner,&nbsp;R Dathe,&nbsp;M Dames","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We sum up below an assessment of data collected in respect of outpatient medical care in the new Federal Land of Saxony-Anhalt as well as of the expert discussions conducted with the medical officers, the responsible physicians of the Association of Doctors registered with the compulsory German sickness insurance body, and with many practising physicians: The process of enabling the doctors to register their practice on an independent basis, is nearing completion and will be finalized in 1992. The medical associations and especially the association of doctors registered with the compulsory German sickness insurance body have a large share in this development. As early as in August 1991, outpatient medical care by general practitioners was already safeguarded. This applies also to the disciplines of ophthalmology, skin diseases and paediatrics. It will be the task of the association of doctors of the compulsory sickness insurance system to close existing gaps in some disciplines and to balance out any regional differences. This process has materialized in a very short time only. The result has been far better than expected, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Hence, the association has been successful in safeguarding medical care in a satisfactory manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 Suppl 3 ","pages":"216-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13001422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Reform of the public health service--needs and perspectives]. [公共卫生服务改革——需求和前景]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
C von Ferber
{"title":"[Reform of the public health service--needs and perspectives].","authors":"C von Ferber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fundamental prerequisite of reorganising public health agencies is to create a new perspective of health policy. At present this realisation is the essence of the renewal of public health in the Anglo-American countries. The reorganisation of public health services in the old and in the new laender of the Federal Republic of Germany would gain by taking stock of the essential points that have been formulated by experts in the Anglo-American countries: the assessment of health problems by epidemiologists and health economists, the development of interorganizational cooperation, and the regional planning of health services. For translating these concepts into reality, public health has an unrivalled lead as far as chances and prerequisites are concerned, but the main obstacle is that continuing education and training are being blocked by the superior administrative bodies, so that there is a lack of experience in epidemiology, health policy and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 Suppl 3 ","pages":"242-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13001426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Social psychiatric service as a cornerstone of psychiatric community care]. [社会精神病学服务作为精神科社区护理的基石]。
Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 1991-12-01
P Hoffmann, H G Tiggemann
{"title":"[Social psychiatric service as a cornerstone of psychiatric community care].","authors":"P Hoffmann,&nbsp;H G Tiggemann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychiatric care has gradually been shifting in Germany from its original inpatient basis to outpatient and complementary treatment. This shift of emphasis resulted in a transfer of psychiatry-political responsibility to communal bodies and hence also to communal public health services. Sociopsychiatric service ranks high in communal psychiatric care setups, since it promotes cooperation and helps to coordinate efforts in individual cases in respect of focal points on which such care is centered. For the future, an expert commission has suggested that the various institutions actively engaged in community psychiatric care should team up in each region. This applies in particular to mobile services visiting the patients in their homes, and to the offices providing contracts to sociopsychiatric services of public health offices. Despite positive outlooks there are also quite a few negative aspects of present-day practice. One of them is poor definition of tasks and functions of communal sociopsychiatric services, whereas another one are the unsatisfactory quantitative and qualitative means at their disposal. It is also too often overlooked that psychiatric patients and disabled persons are entitled to compensation insurance payments to promote their rehabilitation, as provided for by individual legislation in the various German laender. To tap these sources sufficiently well, sociopsychiatric services must be better equipped in every respect. The professional competence of social workers and physicians, as well as of the relevant staff, must be safeguarded by continuing education and specialist training measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":75776,"journal":{"name":"Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen","volume":"53 Suppl 3 ","pages":"254-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13001428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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