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Chorion Villus Biopsy 绒毛膜绒毛活检
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00035-2
Richard J. Lilford
{"title":"Chorion Villus Biopsy","authors":"Richard J. Lilford","doi":"10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00035-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00035-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chorion villus biopsy answers the pressing need for early prenatal diagnosis. The technique is carried out at about 10 weeks gestation and in most instances this tissue is amenable to direct analysis without culture. This technique is particularly suitable for gene probe diagnosis. However, it is now widely offered for cytogenetic diagnosis on the basis of maternal age and some 10 000 patients have been reported to a Central Registry.</p><p>The procedure-related abortion rate in skilled hands would seem to be about 2–3%, although this is probably lower with the new transabdominal route. Despite the great deal of attention which is focused on this technique, it is still too early to tell whether chorion villus biopsy will replace amniocentesis as the standard method of prenatal diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 611-632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91679897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Placental synthesis. 胎盘合成。
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01
T Chard
{"title":"Placental synthesis.","authors":"T Chard","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"447-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14656003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biophysical assessment of placental function. 胎盘功能的生物物理评估。
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01
G Gennser, P H Persson
{"title":"Biophysical assessment of placental function.","authors":"G Gennser,&nbsp;P H Persson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"521-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14656645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Placental Proteins in Oncology 肿瘤学中的胎盘蛋白
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00034-0
Markku Seppälä, Koichi Iino, Eeva-Marja Rutanen
{"title":"Placental Proteins in Oncology","authors":"Markku Seppälä,&nbsp;Koichi Iino,&nbsp;Eeva-Marja Rutanen","doi":"10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00034-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00034-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many placental proteins appear in the serum and tumours of patients with malignant disease, but few have achieved an established position in clinical management. Chorionic gonadotrophin is a sensitive and effective marker for trophoblastic disease. Gonadal germ cell tumours containing extraembryonic structures can secrete hCG and SP1, which both may provide unique clinical information about recurrent disease. Placental proteins belonging to the PP series are an interesting new group which has added to our knowledge of the biology of tumours. However, none of them has yet proven to be important in clinical practice. Placental alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes are secreted by seminomas and dysgerminomas, and, in some clinics, they are routinely examined for monitoring treatment of these tumours. Whereas the clinical usefulness of the above markers is well established for the monitoring of treatment and early detection of recurrent disease, none of them can be used for the screening of cancer in an apparently healthy population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 593-610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91679898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biophysical Assessment of Placental Function 胎盘功能的生物物理评估
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00031-5
Gerhard Gennser, Per-Håkan Persson
{"title":"Biophysical Assessment of Placental Function","authors":"Gerhard Gennser,&nbsp;Per-Håkan Persson","doi":"10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00031-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00031-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 521-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137287896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Haemorrhage from the placental site. 胎盘部位出血。
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01
R J Howell
{"title":"Haemorrhage from the placental site.","authors":"R J Howell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"633-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14656650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunology of the Placenta 胎盘免疫学
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00029-7
C.W.G. Redman
{"title":"Immunology of the Placenta","authors":"C.W.G. Redman","doi":"10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00029-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00029-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The central issues of the immunology of the placenta are poorly defined. As an allograft its success almost certainly depends on the absence of transplantation antigens from syncytiotrophoblast. The placenta is an imperfect immune barrier between mother and fetus. Rhesus isoimmunization is one well-known consequence but maternal graft-versus-host disease is another, although much rarer. The placenta performs an important function by transferring maternal IgG to the fetus and filters out potentially harmful cytotoxic antibodies. However, autoantibodies may, in rare circumstances, cause passively acquired fetal autoimmune disease. Direct maternal immune attack on the placenta is not a clear pathological entity but may occur with placental villitis and pemphigoid gestationis; and may contribute to recurrent abortion of unknown aetiology or to pre-eclampsia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 469-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90125538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anatomy and Morphology 解剖形态学
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00027-3
Maurice Panigel
{"title":"Anatomy and Morphology","authors":"Maurice Panigel","doi":"10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00027-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00027-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review presents basic aspects of placental morphology with particular reference to the regional specialization of human placental tissues.</p><p>Intrauterine visualization of the placenta is now possible with new non-invasive methods. Echotomographic ultrasound images of the placenta in vivo and in vitro are of the greatest value for clinical and pathological diagnosis. X-ray computed tomography, though it cannot be applied to pregnant women, is invaluable for the study of circulatory and pathologic changes in the placenta isolated post partum. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is another useful adjunct not only for placental localization but also to detect changes of placental morphology with an accuracy almost as good as ultrasonography. Fourier-transform spectroscopy now offers a unique opportunity to obtain computed biochemical data on the metabolic evolution of the human placenta.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 421-445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137287900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biochemical Assessment of Placental Function—Late Pregnancy 妊娠晚期胎盘功能的生化评价
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00033-9
J.G. Westergaard, B. Teisner, J.G. Grudzinskas
{"title":"Biochemical Assessment of Placental Function—Late Pregnancy","authors":"J.G. Westergaard,&nbsp;B. Teisner,&nbsp;J.G. Grudzinskas","doi":"10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00033-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00033-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 571-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91679896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Copyright Page 版权页
Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology Pub Date : 1986-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00024-8
{"title":"Copyright Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00024-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00024-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75719,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in obstetrics and gynaecology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Page iv"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0306-3356(21)00024-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137287931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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