{"title":"Growth of the tibia and fibula bones in human fetuses.","authors":"A J Cupello, J D Ambròsio, H A de Vasconcellos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growth of the long bones has been a subject of great importance lately, because it provides non invasive diagnosis of prenatal malformations. This study examines 116 tibia and fibula bones of Brazilian fetuses (17 males and 12 females) with gestational age ranging from the 16th to the 34th week postconception. Only fetuses with no visible congenital malformations and with normal biometric parameters were considered. The bones were measured with a 0.1 mm precision caliper and their Total Length (TL), the Ossified Diaphysis Length (ODL), the Diaphysis width (DW), the Proximal Epiphyss length (PEL) and the Distal Epiphyss Length (DEL) were studied. The Total Length (TL) and the Ossified Diaphysis Length (ODL) were correlated with those of the fetal Crown-Rump length (C-R). Our results have shown that there was an increase in all these measures, with no significant statistical difference observed between the left and the right sides. A significant correlation coefficient was found in most parts of the measurements studied. This study aims to provide data to be utilized in monitoring bone growth as well as in the diagnosis of the lower limb deformities during fetal period.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 246","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19521536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Sex difference of the facial profile: segments and angles, bony and cutaneous. A study using the discriminant function].","authors":"R Baillet, R Fenart","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We bring formula of discriminate function established from cutaneous and bone facial profile, on the one hand for segments, and other hand for angles. We propose a applying to a supplementary subject, proceeding real measurements. The result is the position in masculinity-femininity scale. It must take into account two distinct components: size and shape.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 246","pages":"13-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19524433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophy in the human fetus: quantitative study of the myocyte nuclei.","authors":"R Xavier-Vidal, C A Mandarim-de-Lacerda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative analyses about the cardiac growth are important today because non invasive methods of diagnosis allow in vivo study of the fetal heart. Eight human fetuses of single pregnancy were studied. The ages of the fetuses were determined according to the foot length. Four fetuses were aged in the 2nd trimester and four fetuses were aged in the 3rd trimester of gestation. We used the dissector method to obtain the volume and numerical densities of the cardiac myocytes. We studied fifteen random dissector pairs for each specimen. For reasons of efficiency, one nucleus was considered one myocyte. We counted the number of the myocyte nuclei in the test-area appearing in an unbiased counting frame of 1600 microns 2 on the one-slice plane. We determined the numerical density of myocyte nuclei (Nv[nu] 1/mm3), the volume density of the myocyte nuclei (Vv[nu]%) and the average volume of the myocyte nuclei (V[nu]micron 3). Both Vv[nu] and Nv[nu] decreased from the second to the third trimesters of gestation and these differences are significant (p = 0.03 a reduction of more than 40%). However, the V[nu] remains practically unchangeable during the last two trimesters of gestation (p > 0.05). During this period the cardiac weight increases almost 800% and, of course, we can expect that the absolute number of the myocyte nuclei increase so much. So, the increasing number of myocytes with the simultaneous decreasing of the Nv[nu] might explained by the overall growth of the myocardium. This fact explains why the unitary volume of the myocyte nuclei remains practically unchangeable during this period.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 246","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19521539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Measurement of the sigmoid colon and its relationship with volvulus].","authors":"M Ertem, E Tanyleli, S Ergüney, N Yavuz, O Tortum","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sigmoid volulus occurs more frequently in Turkish people than the European. The anatomy of the sigmoid colon plays an important role in the etiology. In our study various measurements of the sigmoid colon of 25 preserved cadavers were taken and the results were interpreted according to the frequency of sigmoid volvulus in this country.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 246","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19521540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L P Fischer, F Cantéro, J C Goyon, M Bochu, J J Allogo, N Sweydan, A Morin, J C Neidhardt, J Bejui, M H Fessy
{"title":"[Preliminary and multidisciplinary study of three Coptic mummies of the Testut-Latarjet museum at Lyon].","authors":"L P Fischer, F Cantéro, J C Goyon, M Bochu, J J Allogo, N Sweydan, A Morin, J C Neidhardt, J Bejui, M H Fessy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1901 Albert Gayet raked up from Antinoe three mummies exhibited to day at the Anatomy Museum of Lyon. The study of the three mummies was made in detail as to their dress, anthropometric and scannographic findings. The clothes were characteristic of coptic civilization. The radiographic date gave a life span of around 40 years. The X-ray imagery shows the remains of cerebral and visceral organs. The sexual criteria are thought to be those of two women and undetermined for the child. Later, several investigations like endoscopic autopsy, tooth microscopy and chromosomic map will be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 246","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19521541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The weight of the heart in Callithrix Erxleben, 1777.","authors":"C H de Freitas Burity, C A Mandarim-de-Lacerda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The allometric relationship between the weight of the heart and the body measurements was analyzed in 31 primates of genus Callithrix (C. jacchus and C. penicillata). The data were analyzed after logarithmic transformation using the model: Ln Y = Ln a + (b) Ln X. We compared with the t-test the slopes of the males and females and the slopes of the C. Jacchus and C. penicillata. Positive allometry was found to the weight of the heart in relation to the body weight (except to females of C. penicillata = isometry) and to sitting height in females of C. jacchus and males of C. penicillata. The relationship of the weight of the heart with the sitting height was isometric in males of C. jacchus and negative in females of C. penicillata. We cannot reject the null hypothesis analyzing the differences between the slopes of males and females. Therefore, in these two species of Callithrix we accept the concept of monomorphism.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 246","pages":"21-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19521537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A variation of the median nerve at the level of brachial plexus.","authors":"M F Sargon, S S Uslu, H H Celik, D Akşit","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a variation of the median nerve at the level of brachial plexus in a 38 years old male cadaver. The median nerve was formed by the fusion of three branches; two of them coming from the lateral cord, and one from the medial cord. The abnormal root coming from the lateral cord had a very close oblique course over the axillary artery. These kinds of variations are more prone to injury in radical neck dissections and in other surgical operations of the axilla. Secondly, the very close course of the unusual branch with the axillary artery may lessen the blood supply of the upper extremity by compressing the vessel.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 246","pages":"25-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19521538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The arteries of the stomach].","authors":"M L Sow, M Diop, A Morin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to specify the gastric-arterial systematization, 65 fresh stomachs of adults deceased from non-gastro-duodenal causes, extracted by necropsy, allowed us to study the arteries of the stomach through the injection-corrosion technics. A selective injection for each arterial trunk has been made on 15 stomachs. This work allowed us to know better the arterial supply of the stomach and ut into obviousness important vascular anastomosis. While emphasizing on the substitute notion, the persons who wrote this summary describe regions poor in anastomosis, which correspond surgically with \"critical\" areas. They also emphasize how important it is to have an estimated score of the ischemia for gastric surgery, especially in the case of oeso-gastroplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 245","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19514833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P Goudet, E Baulot, P Trouilloud, A Proy, P Cougard, J M Autissier
{"title":"[The thoraco-lumbar junction. Orientation of zygapophyses, mamillary process and vertebral rotation].","authors":"P Goudet, E Baulot, P Trouilloud, A Proy, P Cougard, J M Autissier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The orientation of the zygapophyseal joints at the thoraco-lumbar level is an important factor involved in the axial rotation of the human spine. The functional role of the Mamillary Processes (MP) is unknown. This study was carried out on 55 adult dried spines. The aims were 1) to record the interzygapophyseal joint angles. 2) to determine morphological and functional angle types. 3) to correlate the various types and the corresponding MP lengths. 4) to propose hypotheses about the MP role. There were 2 distinct morphotic types founded on 2 different populations of angles clearly visible on histograms at the T12 level and statistically detectable at the T11 and L1 levels. T11-T12-L1 realized an homogeneous anatomical unit with 2 separate groups depending on the zygapophyseal joint orientations. A functional classification was also possible depending on the location of the geometric axial center of rotation. The \"thoracic\" type which center was on vertebral body. 95% of T10 vertebrae and 88% of T11 vertebrae belonged to the \"thoracic\" type whereas 97% of L1 ans 98% of L2 belonged to the lumbar type. At the T12 level, we found 35% of \"thoracic\" type and 65% of \"lumbar\" type. Long MP were found on \"lumbar\" type vertebrae with little interzygapophyseal angles (p < 0.001). \"Anatomical\" types were not related to different MP lengths. On the contrary, the \"functional\" classification showed shorter MP on \"thoracic\" type vertebrae than on \"lumbar\" vertebrae (1.9 +/- 2.9 mm vs 4.5 +/- 3 mm, p < 0.03). A large interzygapophyseal angle is known to enhance the axial rotation of the thoraco-lumbar junction. We infer that MP also play a role in axial rotation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 245","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19516261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Anatomic description of the course of recurrent nerves in the rat].","authors":"R Sola-Marti, C Mlas-Carballal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors have performed an study of the origin, the course and the end of the recurrent nerves right and left in the rat. They have realize the microdissection in detail of the cervical and thoracic regions in order to made the photos the most significant in the recurrent nerves' description.</p>","PeriodicalId":75637,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes","volume":"79 245","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19514832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}