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[Evaluation of the use of antibiotics in the hospital pediatric milieu]. [医院儿科环境中抗生素使用的评价]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1999-01-01
J M Rasamoelisoa, X G Tovone, C Andriamady, D R Rakotoarimanana
{"title":"[Evaluation of the use of antibiotics in the hospital pediatric milieu].","authors":"J M Rasamoelisoa,&nbsp;X G Tovone,&nbsp;C Andriamady,&nbsp;D R Rakotoarimanana","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics is a world-wide serious problem because it contributes to the development and the spreading of antibiotic resistance. The authors carried out a study for one year by 1998, in order to evaluate antibiotic prescriptions in three childhood diseases: respiratory, digestive and neurological diseases. Patients hospitalized at the unit paediatric of the General hospital of Befelatanana are 0 month to 15 years old. Three antibiotic families were frequently used: cotrimoxazole, penicillins derivatives and aminoglycosides. Results of this study noted that antibiotic precriptions were irrational. Some factors may give explanations to these facts: the insufficiency of biological labs, but also expensive costs of exams. It is desirable that all paediatricians can gather in order to draw up clinical protocols and to assess them by a multicentric survey. Further results may be used as reference for empirical or probabilist antibiotic prescriptions of which efficacy will be checked by an experienced lab.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"65 1-2","pages":"124-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22152497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proceedings and abstracts of the International Symposium on Recent Advances in Molecular Genetics of the Maghreb and Middle East Populations. Hammamet, Tunisia, 16-20 December 1997. 马格里布和中东人群分子遗传学最新进展国际研讨会论文集和摘要。突尼斯哈马梅特，1997年12月16日至20日。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1997-01-01
{"title":"Proceedings and abstracts of the International Symposium on Recent Advances in Molecular Genetics of the Maghreb and Middle East Populations. Hammamet, Tunisia, 16-20 December 1997.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"74 3-4","pages":"21-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24137411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Presence of urinary Sm28GST antigen in Madagascar patients with Schistosomiasis mansoni]. [马达加斯加马氏血吸虫病患者尿中Sm28GST抗原的检测]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
A Raobelison, J L Neyrinck, A Capron, P Esterre
{"title":"[Presence of urinary Sm28GST antigen in Madagascar patients with Schistosomiasis mansoni].","authors":"A Raobelison,&nbsp;J L Neyrinck,&nbsp;A Capron,&nbsp;P Esterre","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using an ELISA method, we quantitated the level of glutathion S-transferase 28 kDa (Sm28GST), specific of Schistosoma mansoni, in the urine of 13 malagasy patients. The presence of Sm28GST antigen has been demonstrated for the first time, in 8 patients (69%). No significant correlation could be found between antigen level and the parasitological burden in the feces. The use of an immunocapture ELISA technic on a larger number of samples will be necessary to assess if this test could be quantitative and reliable enough for the diagnosis or the follow up of patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"46-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22138279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Reemergence of infectious diseases: example of viral diseases (from variola to Kaposi sarcoma)]. [传染病的再次出现:病毒性疾病(从天花到卡波西肉瘤)的例子]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
P Aubry
{"title":"[Reemergence of infectious diseases: example of viral diseases (from variola to Kaposi sarcoma)].","authors":"P Aubry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22138280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Immune reactions in the brain]. [大脑中的免疫反应]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
P Esterre
{"title":"[Immune reactions in the brain].","authors":"P Esterre","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immunological status of the brain is generally presented as an \"immune privileged\" site because of the presence of a strong blood-brain barrier, the lack of lymphatic drainage and, as for the eye, the paucity of professional antigen-presenting cells. This dogma is now challenged by recent studies indicating that there is an active communication with the immune system and that presentation of endogenous (as in autoimmune encephalomyelitis) or exogenous (like in neurocysticercosis or toxoplasmosis) antigens occurs. The local immune (cell-mediated and non-inflammatory humoral) responses seem regulated by active immunosuppressive mechanisms, including apoptosis of alloreactive lymphocytes, in order to limit the destructive effect of inflammatory reactions in this fragile tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22137727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Poliomyelitis in Madagascar (1988-1996): current situation in the World Health eradication program by the year 2000]. [马达加斯加的小儿麻痹症(1988-1996年):到2000年消灭世界卫生方案的现状]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
H G Zeller, M Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, A Andrianaivoarisoa, M M Hacen, B Andriamahezafy, R Osseni, S Randriamesy, D R Rakotoarimanana, N Nazaraly
{"title":"[Poliomyelitis in Madagascar (1988-1996): current situation in the World Health eradication program by the year 2000].","authors":"H G Zeller,&nbsp;M Rakoto-Andrianarivelo,&nbsp;A Andrianaivoarisoa,&nbsp;M M Hacen,&nbsp;B Andriamahezafy,&nbsp;R Osseni,&nbsp;S Randriamesy,&nbsp;D R Rakotoarimanana,&nbsp;N Nazaraly","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases reported to World Health Organization (WHO) decreased from 1988 (48 cases) to 1996 (8 cases), but the real endemic situation of poliomyelitis is unknown. Cases are under or misreported. Very often, notifications are delayed; virological investigations of the etiology could not be performed as well as the environment studies and the immunization ripostes. In 1996, only one AFP case was confirmed by isolation of wild poliovirus. The immunization coverage in children under one by OPV (3 doses) was 73.0% in 1996 from the statistics of the Public Health Services but only 54.7% from randomized studies. The eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000 has engaged Madagascar in the disease prevention by improving the immunization coverage within the Expanded Immunization Programme in association with the Organization of National Immunization Days in October and November 1997. Likewise, the Virological Unit of the Pasteur Institute was recognized as the National WHO Reference Centre for Polio.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"56-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22138282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Literature search in the biomedical domain: basic principles and tools]. [生物医学领域的文献检索:基本原则和工具]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
B Randriarimanga, R Rakotojaona, N Rasolofonirina
{"title":"[Literature search in the biomedical domain: basic principles and tools].","authors":"B Randriarimanga,&nbsp;R Rakotojaona,&nbsp;N Rasolofonirina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the very first glance, literature research in medical biology seems hard to some scientists. This paper aims to give an overall view of basic principles permitting to exploit correctly all existing equipments of information systems. Several definitions allow to familiarize with the documentary vocabulary.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"76-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22138250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Particularities in the immune response in ocular cysticercosis]. 眼囊虫病免疫应答的特殊性
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
A Andriantsimahavandy, P Esterre, A Auzemery, P Godinaud
{"title":"[Particularities in the immune response in ocular cysticercosis].","authors":"A Andriantsimahavandy,&nbsp;P Esterre,&nbsp;A Auzemery,&nbsp;P Godinaud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In addition to the unique physiological and immunological features of the eye, previously presented, some parasitic factors of recent knowledge are induced during ocular cysticercosis. A modulation of the immune response of the host, mediated by larval products (a soluble RNA-peptide, some metacestode surface sphingoglycolipids) seems to occur in vivo. These recent findings lead us to make a critical review of the antigenic profiles obtained by Enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay (EITB) on samples collected from malagasy patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"34-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22138276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Epidemiological approach for sexually transmitted diseases in Antsiranana (north Madagascar). Between prevention and treatment, the choice of a strategy against sexually transmitted diseases]. [Antsiranana(马达加斯加北部)性传播疾病的流行病学方法。在预防和治疗之间，选择一种对抗性传播疾病的策略]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
T Gateau, H G Zeller
{"title":"[Epidemiological approach for sexually transmitted diseases in Antsiranana (north Madagascar). Between prevention and treatment, the choice of a strategy against sexually transmitted diseases].","authors":"T Gateau,&nbsp;H G Zeller","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We reported a study undertaken in a Sexually Transmitted Disease care unit in Antsiranana amongst two groups of patients: 299 prostitutes and 350 STD patients (204 women and 146 men). The 20-29 years old age group represented 50.3% of the patients. A 12 days average delay between appearance of first symptoms of STD and the visit to the care unit was recorded. The most important clinical signs were cervicovaginal discharge (83%), pelvic pains (67%), and pruritus (53%) in women, urethral discharge and urination pain (64%) in men. Among prostitutes on a routine visit, 22.7% had at least one STD clinical sign. Syphilis serology by TPHA showed a high prevalence among prostitutes (39%) and STD patients (32%). Direct examinations emphazed the major importance of gonorrhoea in more than 70% of STD patients, both men and women, and trichomonasis in women (22%). Chlamydia investigation could not be done. HIV antibodies were recorded in 4 prostitutes (1.3%) and in none of the STD patients. 79.3% of prostitutes and 39.4% of STD patients had at least 2 partners a week and 47.5% of prostitutes used a condom \"every time\" and only 21.1% STD patients \"sometimes\" used it. The role of STD care units must be reinforced for information, education and counselling of the population in a non medical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"8-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22137723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Immune reactions in the eye]. [眼睛的免疫反应]。
Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar Pub Date : 1996-01-01
P Esterre, A Auzemery, P Godinaud
{"title":"[Immune reactions in the eye].","authors":"P Esterre,&nbsp;A Auzemery,&nbsp;P Godinaud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immunological status of the eye, like the one of the brain, is generally considered as an \"immune privilege\" site because of the presence of a strong blood-ocular barrier, the lack of lymphatic drainage and, last but not the least, the absence of professional antigen-presenting cells. This dogma is now challenged by recent studies indicating that presentation of endogenous (as in autoimmune uveitis) or exogenous (like in ocular cysticercosis) antigens occurs. The local immune response seems regulated by active immunosuppressive mechanisms, in order to limit the destructive effect of inflammatory reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":75536,"journal":{"name":"Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar","volume":"63 1-2","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22137726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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