Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine最新文献

{"title":"Nonhuman primate retrovirus isolates and AIDS.","authors":"M B Gardner, P Luciw, N Lerche, P Marx","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50011-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50011-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"171-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14038820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunodeficiency disorders and retroviruses.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"1-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13985604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine leukemia: facts and hypotheses derived from the study of an infectious cancer.","authors":"A Burny,&nbsp;Y Cleuter,&nbsp;R Kettmann,&nbsp;M Mammerickx,&nbsp;G Marbaix,&nbsp;D Portetelle,&nbsp;A Van den Broeke,&nbsp;L Willems,&nbsp;R Thomas","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50010-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50010-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine leukemia virus is the etiological agent of a chronic lymphatic leukemia/lymphoma in cows, sheep, and goats. Infection without neoplastic transformation also was obtained in pigs, rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees, and rabbits, and was observed in capybaras and water buffaloes. Structurally and functionally, BLV is a relative of the human T lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-I and HTLV-II). HTLV-I induces in humans a T cell leukemia, and its type II counterpart has been found in dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, hairy T cell leukemia and prolymphocytic leukemia cases. At variance with HTLV-I, BLV has not been associated with neurological diseases of the degenerative type. BLV, HTLV-I, and HTLV-II show clearcut sequence homologies. The pathology of the BLV-induced disease, most notably, the absence of chronic viremia, a long latency period, and a lack of preferred proviral integration sites in tumors, is similar to that of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma induced by HTLV-I. The most striking feature of the three naturally transmitted leukemia viruses is the X region located between the env gene and the LTR sequence. The X region contains several overlapping long open reading frames. One of them designated XBL-I encodes a trans-activator function capable of increasing the level of gene expression directed by BLV-LTR and most probably involved in \"genetic instability\" of BLV-infected cells of the B cell lineage. The genetic instability puts the cell into a context of fragility and ready to move along a number of stages towards full malignancy. Little is known about these events and their causes; we have presented some theoretical possibilities. BLV infection has a worldwide distribution. In temperate climates the virus spreads mostly via iatrogenic transfer of infected lymphocytes. In warm climates and in areas heavily populated by hematophageous insects, there are indications of insect-born propagation of the virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"149-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13985606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphotropic retroviruses of animals and man.","authors":"P S Sarin,&nbsp;R C Gallo","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50012-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50012-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"227-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13985607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline leukemia/sarcoma viruses and immunodeficiency.","authors":"J Rojko, M Essex, Z Trainin","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50007-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50007-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"57-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13985611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ungulate lentiviruses: pathogenesis and relationship to AIDS.","authors":"K Perk","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50008-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50008-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"97-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13985609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of retrovirus replication and classification.","authors":"J E Dahlberg","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50005-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50005-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This introductory chapter has presented an overview of how retroviruses replicate and how they are classified within the family Retroviridae. The genomic structure of retroviruses, so reminiscent of bacterial transposons and other similar genetic elements, and reverse transcriptase, which leads to the reverse flow of genetic information from RNA to DNA, are responsible for many of the properties of these viruses which make them both fascinating and important as causes of cancer and other diseases. The requirement for integration shared by most retroviruses leads directly to most of the phenomena resulting from their interaction with target cells. Certainly latency, at the level of the organism, is one such property relevant to how we think of vaccines and therapeutic reagents. The ability of retroviruses to acquire oncogenes from cellular DNA has greatly facilitated our understanding of the genetics of neoplasia. Additionally, the use of retroviral vectors to introduce new genes into genetically defective animals is a consequence of the genetic organization of retroviruses. Classification of viruses at the species level is difficult for several reasons. In particular, viruses do not sexually reproduce in any conventional sense, and it is difficult to identify a population of virions which make up a genetically distinct pool. Thus, the definition of individual species is often controversial and is not necessarily aided by the criteria used to define larger phylogenetic groups. In the latter case, retroviruses have distinctive morphological and biochemical features which allow their classification at the family, subfamily, genus, and subgenus levels. Additional classification occurs by accounting for factors such as host range, cross neutralization, ability to compete in interspecies radioimmunoassays, and genetic homology detected by hybridization under conditions of relaxed stringency. Direct comparison of nucleotide sequences offers the hope that mathematical criteria will be developed that can define the level of differences characteristic of individual species, genuses, and subfamilies.</p>","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"1-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13985605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunodeficiency disorders and retroviruses.","authors":"L. Fleischer","doi":"10.1016/c2013-0-07102-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/c2013-0-07102-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54147647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian lymphoid leukosis: mechanisms of lymphomagenesis.","authors":"D L Ewert,&nbsp;G F de Boer","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50006-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-039232-2.50006-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"32 ","pages":"37-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13985608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor promoters and genotoxic chemicals in short-term testing for carcinogenicity.","authors":"B L Harper,&nbsp;M S Legator","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-039231-5.50006-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-039231-5.50006-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75456,"journal":{"name":"Advances in veterinary science and comparative medicine","volume":"31 ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14426693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}