Advances in shock research最新文献_第6页

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

L F Marshall

引用次数: 0

Effect of bilateral nephrectomy on plasma fibronectin levels: its influence on acute fibronectin response to trauma and RE blockade. 双侧肾切除术对血浆纤维连接蛋白水平的影响:对创伤和RE阻断急性纤维连接蛋白反应的影响。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

E Cho, T M Saba

{"title":"Effect of bilateral nephrectomy on plasma fibronectin levels: its influence on acute fibronectin response to trauma and RE blockade.","authors":"E Cho, T M Saba","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma fibronectin is important to reticuloendothelial (RE) function and resistance to experimental shock. However, the factors that regulate its level have remained undefined. The present study evaluated the concept that the kidneys may play a role in the modulation of plasma fibronectin levels. Immunoreactive and opsonically active fibronectin in blood over a 28-hour period following bilateral nephrectomy was assessed in male rats (250-350 gm) by electroimmunoassay, peritoneal macrophage monolayer assay, and liver slice bioassay. Controls consisted of sham-operated rats. An acute 25%-30% fibronectin deficiency was detected within the initial 1-2 hours posttrauma in both experimental and control rats. Thereafter, a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in immunoreactive fibronectin developed by 24 hours which was much greater after bilateral nephrectomy as compared to controls (P less than 0.05). With the peritoneal macrophage assay or with the liver slice assay, the plasma or serum from bilateral nephrectomized rats has greater opsonic activity as compared to controls. This corresponded to increased hepatic RE phagocytic function in vivo after nephrectomy. In the 24-hour postnephrectomized rats, fibronectin decreased acutely after RE blockade or traumatic shock (NCD) indicating it was biologically active. These data suggest that the kidneys may participate in regulating the blood level of this protein, which has a role in reticuloendothelial system function and shock resistance.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"8 ","pages":"99-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18152652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The patient with multiple organ system failure: immunologic monitoring. 多器官系统功能衰竭患者:免疫监测。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

C M Herman

{"title":"The patient with multiple organ system failure: immunologic monitoring.","authors":"C M Herman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The patient with multiple organ system failure is commonly suffering from the systemic effects of postsurgical or post-traumatic sepsis. An understanding of the role of the systems that mediate infection and produce much of the clinical picture is an important base for management and for future research. The use of the term \"immunity\" in relation to this process refers to two general response systems, which differ in some important aspects. The so-called cellular immune system, which embodies specific and preprogrammed responses, centers on the various populations of lymphocytes. Although there is considerable knowledge about their functional biology, this is perhaps more relevant to the transplantation and cancer areas than it is to trauma and surgical infection. Conversely, there is less known about the mediator systems, which seem to be more closely involved in the patient with multiple organ system failure. The relatively nonspecific responses of the circulating fixed macrophages, particularly granulocytes and monocytes, together with complement and other opsonins, clearly need considerable further investigation to define their critical role. This review attempts to outline common knowledge about the response systems that mediate systemic and organ failure in sepsis, and it points out certain areas that seem to hold promise for advances in the management of such patients.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"8 ","pages":"195-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18152727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vascular reactivity in endotoxin shock: effect of lidocaine or indomethacin pretreatment. 内毒素休克的血管反应性:利多卡因或吲哚美辛预处理的效果。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

K Pomerantz, L Casey, J R Fletcher, P W Ramwell

引用次数: 0

Restoration of hepatocellular function and blood flow following hepatic ischemia with ATP-MgCl2. ATP-MgCl2对肝缺血后肝细胞功能和血流的恢复作用。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

I H Chaudry, M G Clemens, M Ohkawa, S Schleck, A E Baue

{"title":"Restoration of hepatocellular function and blood flow following hepatic ischemia with ATP-MgCl2.","authors":"I H Chaudry, M G Clemens, M Ohkawa, S Schleck, A E Baue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine whether hepatocellular function is altered following hepatic ischemia and whether ATP-MgCl2 has any effect on it. To study this, total hepatic ischemia in rats was produced for 60 minutes by placing a ligature around the hepatic artery, portal vein, and the common bile duct. At the end of the ischemic period, the ligature was removed, reestablishing blood flow to the liver. The animals then received IV either 0.25 ml saline (nontreated) or 0.25 ml ATP-MgCl2 (12.5 mumoles each) (treated). Three hours following the end of ischemia, indocyanine green (ICG) clearance was determined by infusing ICG at a concentration of either 5 mg/kg body wt (low) or 25 mg/kg body wt (high). Following infusion of ICG blood samples were taken at five, six, eight, ten, 12, 15, 18, and 20 minutes thereafter to determine the ICG concentration. The clearance of ICG at low as well as at high ICG concentration was markedly depressed in the nontreated animals, suggesting that significant depression in hepatic blood flow as well as hepatocellular function was evident even three hours after ischemia. Administration of ATP-MgCl2 following hepatic ischemia, however, resulted in ICG clearance values similar to sham-operated animals when ICG was given at low as well as high concentration. Thus, ATP-MgCl2 treatment following hepatic ischemia not only seemed to restore hepatic blood flow but also active membrane transport toward normal.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"8 ","pages":"177-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18152725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference on Shock. Marco Island, Florida, June 1981, Part 1. 第四届休克年会论文集。马可岛，佛罗里达州，1981年6月，第一部分。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

引用次数: 0

Is endotoxin responsible for the cardiopulmonary lesions seen during acute burn wound sepsis? 内毒素是急性烧伤败血症中心肺损伤的原因吗?

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

D L Traber, T H Adair, T Adams, N Henriksen, L D Traber

{"title":"Is endotoxin responsible for the cardiopulmonary lesions seen during acute burn wound sepsis?","authors":"D L Traber, T H Adair, T Adams, N Henriksen, L D Traber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Acute burn wound sepsis is a common clinical entity resulting from a showering of the circulation with gram-negative organisms which grow abundantly in the burn. We duplicate this state in our laboratory by creating 40%, third degree burns (anesthetic burns) in chronically instrumented sheep. Three days following the thermal insult, the burn wound is infected by injecting gram-negative organisms (3 X 10(10)) into it. Cardiopulmonary variables and pulmonary lymph flux data are monitored two hours prior to the injection of organisms and for three hours following it. Three different organisms were used in this study; Pseudomonas aeruginosa (N = 12), Escherichia coli (N = 9), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (N = 2). The injection of all three organisms resulted in a similar response; an early marked pulmonary hypertension and a late increase in microvascular permeability. These changes occur concomitantly with an elevation in hematocrit and an early marked fall in neutrophils. The cardiac output gradually falls over the period of observation despite vigorous body shivering associated with a febrile response. The data from the sheep were compared to similarly instrumented animals (N = 12) which were not burned, but received a very small dosage of E coli endotoxin (0.75 micrograms/kg). The cardiopulmonary response was qualitatively identical to that seen with live organisms. However, the quantitative changes in several of the cardiopulmonary variables were much more marked with endotoxin. It is concluded that the cardiopulmonary response noted with burn wound sepsis is produced by endotoxin.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"7 ","pages":"91-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17806322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The pathophysiology of septic shock: acute renal failure in rats following live E coli injection. A histochemical study of the proximal tubules. 脓毒性休克的病理生理学:大鼠注射活大肠杆菌后急性肾衰竭。近端小管的组织化学研究。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

T Sato, Y Kono, Y Shimahara, J Tanaka, R T Jones, R A Cowley, B F Trump

{"title":"The pathophysiology of septic shock: acute renal failure in rats following live E coli injection. A histochemical study of the proximal tubules.","authors":"T Sato, Y Kono, Y Shimahara, J Tanaka, R T Jones, R A Cowley, B F Trump","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Acute renal failure was induced in rats by injection of a lethal dose of live Escherichia coli. Enzyme activities of the proximal tubule were studied histochemically at three, six, and 12 hours following E coli injection. The enzymes examined were alkaline phosphatase (A1Pase), acid phosphatase (AcPase), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). At three hours, ATPase activity was slightly decreased, while other enzymes showed no changes in activities at this time. At six hours, a slight increase in AcPase activity was seen in the pars recta. At this time, although A1Pase showed no change in activity, other enzymes revealed slight decreases in activities: G6Pase and SDH in the pars convoluta, ATPase in the pars convoluta and pars recta, and G6PDH in pars recta. At 12 hours after treatment, all enzymes showed decreases in activities; however, no necrotic tubule changes were detectable by light microscopy. Since sodium reabsorption in proximal tubules requires a sodium pump consisting of Na-K ATPase, early histochemical changes in ATPase activity in proximal tubule following bacteremia may be related to early changes in sodium reabsorption causing polyuria and to the subsequent development of acute renal failure.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"7 ","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17353372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shock syndrome associated with mastocytosis: pharmacologic reversal of the acute episode and therapeutic prevention of recurrent attacks. 与肥大细胞增多症相关的休克综合征:急性发作的药理学逆转和复发发作的治疗预防。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

L J Roberts, J W Turk, J A Oates

{"title":"Shock syndrome associated with mastocytosis: pharmacologic reversal of the acute episode and therapeutic prevention of recurrent attacks.","authors":"L J Roberts, J W Turk, J A Oates","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with mastocytosis at times experience spontaneous episodes of severe flushing and vasodilatory shock. Antihistamine therapy has not been found to prevent uniformly the recurrence of such attacks or reverse the hypotension during the acute episode when given intravenously. We previously found marked overproduction of prostaglandin D2 in two patients with mastocytosis. This suggested the possibility that prostaglandin D2 may be an important mediator in addition to histamine in mastocytosis. We have now generalized our initial findings and have found an increased production of prostaglandin D2 ranging from 1.5-to 32.6-fold in eight additional patients with severe episodes of flushing associated with mastocytosis. In one of those patients, the release of prostaglandin D2 was found to increase approximately 81-fold during an attack of flushing. Without exception, chronic combined therapy with antihistamines and the prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitor, aspirin, has successfully prevented the recurrence of such severe attacks in these patients, further implicating prostaglandin D2 as an important mediator. The immediate treatment of an acute hypotensive episode, however, represents a different therapeutic situation. We recently observed a severe hypotensive episode in a hospitalized patient with mastocytosis being treated with an H1 receptor antagonist alone. The hypotension was found to be refractory to intravenous fluids, dopamine, and antihistamines, but was immediately reversed by intravenous epinephrine. The self-administration of subcutaneous epinephrine during episodes of flushing in other patients has also been found to ameliorate the flushing rapidly. The apparent unique effectiveness of epinephrine in this situation may derive from an ability of epinephrine to inhibit mast-cell mediator release as a result of beta-adrenergic receptor activation.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"8 ","pages":"145-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18152723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiac and hepatic pyruvate kinase isoenzymes in normal and diabetic dogs during endotoxic shock. 内毒素休克时正常犬和糖尿病犬心脏和肝脏丙酮酸激酶同工酶的变化。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

C Sharma, M S Liu

引用次数: 0