Advances in shock research最新文献_第5页

Nonsuppressible insulinlike activity (NSILA) and the glucose dyshomeostasis of agonal sepsis. 非抑制性胰岛素样活性(NSILA)和外源性脓毒症的葡萄糖代谢异常。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1983-01-01

R E Viray, J P Filkins

{"title":"Nonsuppressible insulinlike activity (NSILA) and the glucose dyshomeostasis of agonal sepsis.","authors":"R E Viray, J P Filkins","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Peritonitis was induced through the ligation and puncture of rat ceca. The rats were divided into three groups: 1) rats whose ceca were ligated and punctured (CLP); 2) rats whose ceca were isolated and replaced without being tied or perforated (SHAM); and 3) rats which were fasted but not subjected to surgery (FC). Plasma glucose levels, serum insulin content, basal and stimulated glucose oxidation rates of adipose tissue, and nonsuppressible insulinlike activity were measured at the time of death or sacrifice. CLP rats were hypoglycemic (35.9 +/- 2.7 mg/dl) at death whereas both FC and SHAM groups were normoglycemic at 101 +/- 1.6 mg/dl and 94.3 +/- 3.9 mg/dl, respectively. Terminal serum immunoreactive insulin content for the three groups did not vary from each other. The oxidation of 14C-glucose to 14CO2 by the septic rats' epididymal fat pads was significantly greater than either SHAM or FC (56.3 +/- 6.4 vs 35.0 +/- 3.3 or 24.5 +/- 2.4 X 10(3) 14CO2 dpm/g/h). When a suprastimulatory concentration of insulin (1 mU/ml) was added in vitro, the septic rats' fat pads were further stimulated to a greater glucose oxidation rate than either SHAM or FC group. Finally, nonsuppressible insulinlike activity (NSILA) was assessed by the addition of guinea pig antiinsulin serum (GPAIS) and rat sera to the in vitro preparations. CLP sera demonstrated a significantly greater NSILA level than either control group. The gathered data suggest that enhanced peripheral tissue glucose oxidation in late sepsis is associated with elevated NSILA.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"9 ","pages":"31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17410049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of gabexate mesilate on the reactions of lipid metabolism in endotoxic shock. 甲磺酸加贝酸酯对内毒素休克中脂质代谢反应的影响。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1983-01-01

F W Schmahl, R W Wabnitz, G Rox, K Drysch, G Richardt, E Poetter

引用次数: 0

Effect of hypothermia on survival time and ECG in rats with acute blood loss. 低温对急性失血大鼠生存时间及心电图的影响。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1983-01-01

J Tanaka, T Sato, I K Berezesky, R T Jones, B F Trump, R A Cowley

{"title":"Effect of hypothermia on survival time and ECG in rats with acute blood loss.","authors":"J Tanaka, T Sato, I K Berezesky, R T Jones, B F Trump, R A Cowley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of hypothermia on survival time and ECGs were investigated in hemorrhagic-shocked rats. Acute blood loss corresponding to LD84 was achieved within 1 min through cannulation of the carotid artery. Immediately following the hemorrhagic episode, extracorporeal cooling was performed by placing the animals, with ice packs attached to their lateral sides, in a cold water bath. Rewarming was achieved by removing the ice packs and resetting the temperature of the water bath to 37 degrees C. With this system, the survival time of the hemorrhagic rats was lengthened from 40 to 60 min without rewarming and to 123 min with rewarming. ECGs showed sinus bradycardia, prolonged PR and QRS intervals, AV block, and finally ventricular fibrillation in both the control and hemorrhagic groups during extracorporeal cooling. During rewarming, the above ECG changes returned to normal in the control group as did body temperature. In contrast, animals in the hemorrhagic group did not survive. Body temperature in this group began to rise toward normal, and above ECG changes showed slight but not complete improvement. It is concluded that extracorporeal cooling can lengthen the survival time of hemorrhagic-shocked rats and that recovery of the disturbed conduction system is a prerequisite for survival from severe hypothermia.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"9 ","pages":"219-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17931687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolism of prolonged shock. 长时间休克的代谢。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1983-01-01

A M Daniel, M E Taylor, B Kapadia, L D MacLean

引用次数: 0

Effect of a new synthetic complement inhibitor on hepatic glycolytic intermediates in septic rats. 一种新型合成补体抑制剂对脓毒症大鼠肝糖酵解中间体的影响。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1983-01-01

T Ebata, R E Kuttner, F O Apantaku, W Schumer

{"title":"Effect of a new synthetic complement inhibitor on hepatic glycolytic intermediates in septic rats.","authors":"T Ebata, R E Kuttner, F O Apantaku, W Schumer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Peritonitis and endotoxemia produce similar derangements in carbohydrate metabolism, indicating a common mechanism of action. Endotoxin activates the complement chain by the alternate pathway with the release of chemical mediators. These mediators may be responsible for the changes occurring in hepatic metabolite pools during endotoxemia. This hypothesis was tested with FUT-175, a complement inhibitor, (2-(6-amidino)naphthyl-4-guanidinobenzoate 2HC1). Peritonitis was induced by cecal incision in fasted male rats. FUT-175 was infused in 5% dextrose at a dose of 0.1 mg/ml/h. Survival time was 12.1 +/- 2.3 h in the FUT-175 group and and 6.6 +/- 1.1 h without FUT-175. Three peritonitis groups received either 5% dextrose alone; FUT-175 2.5 mg/100 g by IP injection, or FUT-175 0.1 mg/ml/h by infusion. Liver was sampled at 5 h by freeze-clamping, and metabolites were assayed by UV spectrophotometry. Peritonitis caused 33% decrease in glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), a 2.5-fold increase in fructose diphosphate (FDP), and 3.5-fold increase in lactate. In FUT-175-injected rats, G6P was decreased by 20%, FDP increased only 50%, and lactate doubled. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) levels were increased 30% above peritonitis values. The drug produced a partial normalization of liver metabolites. The data suggest that the anticomplement action prevented the release of potent mediators which otherwise cause physiological changes leading to the metabolic imbalance of septic shock.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"9 ","pages":"275-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17931690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isotopic approaches to the estimation of protein requirements in burn patients. 用同位素方法估计烧伤患者的蛋白质需要量。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1983-01-01

R R Wolfe, R D Goodenough, M H Wolfe

{"title":"Isotopic approaches to the estimation of protein requirements in burn patients.","authors":"R R Wolfe, R D Goodenough, M H Wolfe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of the protein requirement of the severely burned patient has been hampered by the lack of an appropriate means of evaluating the effects of various levels of intake. We have used two new isotopic techniques in an attempt to assess the effects of two levels of protein intake in six severely burned adult patients. A crossover experimental design enabled us to study each patient at the end of two 3-day dietary regimens. All diets were isocaloric and provided approximately 25% more calories than the measured energy expenditure (means = 40 Kcal/kg X day). In one regimen, each patient received 2.2 g protein/kg X day; during the other treatment period they received 1.4 g protein/kg X day. The patients were studied in the fed state and after 10-12 h of fasting. Leucine kinetics were determined by means of the primed-constant infusion of (1-13C)-leucine. We were able to distinguish the oxidation of plasma leucine from the oxidation of leucine derived from intracellular protein at the site of the deamination of leucine (predominantly muscle) by simultaneously determining both leucine and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid enrichment. Also, rates of whole-body protein synthesis and catabolism were calculated by means of another stable-isotope technique involving the infusion of (15N2)-urea. Finally, a third means of estimating net protein catabolism based on urinary N-excretion data was used at the same time that the isotopic studies were performed. The 13C-leucine data and the N-excretion data indicated that a balance between protein synthesis and catabolism could be achieved with a protein intake of 1.4 protein/kg X day. When protein intake was increased to 2.2 g protein/kg X day, neither isotopic method indicated a further beneficial effect on net protein synthesis, although the absolute rates of protein synthesis and catabolism were stimulated. The N-excretion data, however, indicated a significant improvement in net protein synthesis with higher protein intake. Regardless of the level of protein intake, the underlying alterations in protein metabolism that occurred as a response to burn injury persisted.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"9 ","pages":"81-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17929889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study of oxidative phosphorylative activity and calcium-induced respiration of rat liver mitochondria following living Escherichia coli injection. 活体大肠杆菌注射后大鼠肝脏线粒体氧化磷酸化活性及钙诱导呼吸的研究。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

J Tanaka, Y Kono, Y Shimahara, T Sato, R T Jones, R A Cowley, B F Trump

{"title":"A study of oxidative phosphorylative activity and calcium-induced respiration of rat liver mitochondria following living Escherichia coli injection.","authors":"J Tanaka, Y Kono, Y Shimahara, T Sato, R T Jones, R A Cowley, B F Trump","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanisms of subcellular dysfunction of the liver in sepsis are still obscure. The present study investigates changes in oxidative phosphorylative activity and calcium-induced respiration of rat liver mitochondria following live Escherichia coli injection (E coli, Serotype: 0--18. A 1.25--1.5 X 10(9)/100 gm body wt inoculum of E coli bacteria was injected via the tail vein, causing a 100% mortality rate within 24 hours after injection. In order to determine alteration of liver mitochondrial membrane permeability, serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity was measured following E coli injection. This activity increased ten to 100-fold over that of controls with time following injection. However, the yield of liver mitochondria from treated rats, estimated by the amount of collected mitochondrial protein and the recovery rate of succinate dehydrogenase activity in the final mitochondrial suspensions, was not significantly different from that of controls. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylative activity measured using glutamate as a substrate was enhanced throughout all period to death (P less than 0.01 at three and six hours, P less than 0.05 in the fatal stage) and was associated with concomitant increases in respiratory control ratios. Similar results were obtained using beta-hydroxybutyrate as a substrate. This enhancement was accompanied by an increase in 2-4-dinitrophenol-stimulated ATPase activity (160% at three hours and 130% in the fatal stage). Calcium-induced stimulation of mitochondrial respiration as well as initial calcium uptake rate linked to respiration, using glutamate as a substrate, were higher in liver mitochondria from rats with E coli treatment than in those of controls throughout all periods (P less than 0.01 or less). These results suggest the coexistence of hyperfunctioning as well as deteriorated mitochondria following lethal treatment with E coli.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"7 ","pages":"77-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17806321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The pathophysiology of septic shock: changes in hemodynamics in rats following live E coli injection. An application of the thermodilution method for measurement of cardiac output. 脓毒性休克的病理生理学:注射活大肠杆菌后大鼠血流动力学的变化。热稀释法测定心输出量的应用。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

T Sato, T Isoyama, J Tanaka, R T Jones, R A Cowley, B F Trump

{"title":"The pathophysiology of septic shock: changes in hemodynamics in rats following live E coli injection. An application of the thermodilution method for measurement of cardiac output.","authors":"T Sato, T Isoyama, J Tanaka, R T Jones, R A Cowley, B F Trump","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Fifteen anesthetized rats, 273 +/- 9 gm (SEM), were monitored hemodynamically for six hours following an IV injection of a sublethal (4--5) X 10(8) organisms/100 gm body wt, n = 5) or lethal 12--15 X 10(8) organisms/100 gm body wt, n = 5) dose of live Escherichia coli or saline (control, n = 5). A transpulmonary thermodilution method was used for measurement of cardiac output. Changes in the arterial blood temperature and pressure were recorded on a polygraph. In a simulated hydraulic model system, the measured flow rate was well correlated ( r = 0.993, P less than 0.001) with various actual flow readings (30--130 ml/minute). A sublethal dose resulted in a transient hyperdynamic state in the early stage; the cardiac index was increased from the initial rate of 258.2 +/- 9.4 to 312.3 +/- 10.7 ml/minute/kg with a concomitant decrease in the total peripheral resistance from 0.497 +/- 0.019 to 0.367 +/- 0.022 mm Hg/ml/minute/kg which was sustained for 120 minutes after treatment. In contrast, a lethal dose caused a prolonged hyperdynamic state in the early stage followed by a hypodynamic state in the late stage. The cardiac index was increased from 2.54 +/- 4.5 to 306.0 +/- 10.8 ml/minute/kg and the total peripheral resistance was decreased from 0.513 +/- 0.024 to 0.337 +/- 0.015 mm Hg/ml/minute/kg in the early stage, while, in the late stage, the former decreased to 195.0 +/- 13.3 ml/minute/Kg and the latter increased to 0.615 +/0 0.054 m Hg/ml/minute/kg. The mean arterial blood pressure was decreased in both groups in the early stage but maintained above 100 mm Hg. Essentially, no hemodynamic changes were noted in the control group. These results confirm our hypothesis that an injection of live E coli can produce a hyperdynamic state in the early stage as well as hypodynamic state in the late stage, and that serial hemodynamic studies on bacteremia in rats can be done successfully using the thermodilution method.","PeriodicalId":75453,"journal":{"name":"Advances in shock research","volume":"7 ","pages":"25-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17806557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanism of forelimb skin and skeletal muscle glucose uptake during Escherichia coli endotoxin shock in the dog. 狗大肠杆菌内毒素休克时前肢皮肤和骨骼肌葡萄糖摄取的机制。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

M D Karlstad, R M Raymond, T E Emerson

引用次数: 0

Survival characteristics during septic shock in 39 baboons. 39只狒狒感染性休克的生存特征。

Advances in shock research Pub Date : 1982-01-01

M F Wilson, D J Brackett, L T Archer, B K Beller-Todd, P Tompkins, L B Hinshaw

引用次数: 0