Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement最新文献_第7页

Can pre-eclampsia be predicted and prevented? 先兆子痫可以预测和预防吗?

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

R Erkkola

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Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

S Lindgren

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A regional perinatal database in southern Sweden--a basis for quality assurance in obstetrics and neonatology. 一个区域围产期数据库在瑞典南部-在产科和新生儿质量保证的基础。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

J Molin

{"title":"A regional perinatal database in southern Sweden--a basis for quality assurance in obstetrics and neonatology.","authors":"J Molin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In order to ensure as few avoidable adverse outcomes of pregnancy as possible, it is necessary to continuously evaluate the quality of both obstetric and neonatal care. The eleven southernmost hospitals in Sweden have joined together in a project of developing a regional database, with special emphasis on rapid output of information in order to identify changing trends.Methods: A regional computerized database has been developed, collecting variables and quality indicators agreed upon by all participants. Specific protocols have been designed for obstetric care, neonatal care and autopsy findings. All participating units transfer information on paper forms or via local computerized information systems. The regional database thus receives data on about 20,000 deliveries annually.Results: Data collection started on September 1, 1994. The first results are due in March 1996, and thereafter on a regular basis every 3 months. Special methods for rapid analysis of raw data have been developed with the help of commercially available data analysis tools.Conclusions: It is possible to construct an information system with different computer platforms and different database tools at each participating facility, as long as the database systems are locally controllable. That a software is commercially available is no guarantee that data transfer to a central database is possible. Experience from participating sites also indicates that a specialized database is needed for registering obstetric data, as general computerized record-keeping systems are unable to cope with an event concerning more than one subject at a time.","PeriodicalId":75400,"journal":{"name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement","volume":"164 ","pages":"37-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20170157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The possible use of antiprogestins for contraception. 抗孕激素可能用于避孕。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

M Bygdeman, K G Danielsson, M L Swahn

{"title":"The possible use of antiprogestins for contraception.","authors":"M Bygdeman, K G Danielsson, M L Swahn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A number of compounds, antiprogestins, e.g. mifepristone, onapristone and lilopristone, have been developed which compete with progesterone at the receptor level. One of these, mifepristone, is in combination with a prostaglandin analogue currently in use for termination of early pregnancy. The possibility to use these compounds for contraceptive purposes is presently under evaluation.Methods: The possible contraceptive effect of antiprogestins has been evaluated in both clinical and experimental studies.Results: Administration of antiprogestin during the follicular phase has an inhibitory effect on follicular development and ovulation, and on endometrial development and function if administered during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. A high dose of mifepristone, 200 mg, administered immediately following ovulation is highly effective in preventing implantation, most likely due to an effect on endometrial receptivity. It seems that the endometrium is more sensitive to antiprogestin than is the ovulatory process. Low weekly, 2.5 mg to 5 mg, and daily doses, 0.5 mg, of mifepristone did not inhibit ovulation, but a significant effect on endometrial development and especially endometrial function judged from measurement of the expression of a number of markers for endometrial receptivity could be demonstrated.Conclusion: The effect of mifepristone on the endometrium may be sufficient to prevent implantation, and if so, an oral contraceptive method could be developed which has no effect on ovarian function.","PeriodicalId":75400,"journal":{"name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement","volume":"164 ","pages":"75-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20170654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Some reflections and hypotheses on the pathophysiology of female urinary incontinence. 关于女性尿失禁病理生理学的思考与假设。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

U Ulmsten

{"title":"Some reflections and hypotheses on the pathophysiology of female urinary incontinence.","authors":"U Ulmsten","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"It is proposed that opening and closure of the proximal urethra and bladder neck are regulated by a battery of surrounding structures, the most important being the pubourethral-vesical ligaments, the suburethral vaginal wall, 'the hammock', the pubococcygeus muscles, the levator plate and the connective tissue which like glue connects these structures to each other. Inappropriate function in one of these structures can, to some extent, be compensated for by an improved function in another hereby maintaining continence. However, a significantly deteriorated function in the support of urethra--normally maintained by the pubourethral/pubovesical ligaments, the pubococcygeus muscles and suburethral vaginal wall--will result in pronounced stress incontinence. Severe defects in these structures can generally not be compensated for by exercises of the pelvic muscles. This is true, in particular, if there is also a defect function in the connective tissue which 'glues' the urogenital structures to each other. Under such circumstances surgical procedures have to be considered to alleviate the patients symptoms. What is said so far must not exclude the importance of recognizing the role of the internal urethral structures to maintain continence, in particular the quality of urethral muscles, connective tissue and vascularization. In some specific cases of mixed incontinence it can be speculated whether the urge symptom can be caused by an anatomical dysfunction causing the proximal urethra and the bladder neck to remain involuntarily open or to open promptly at even minor pressure provocations. If so distension of the bladder neck and proximal urethra may activate stretch receptors located here which will induce uninhibited detrusor contractions. The presence of estrogen receptors in many of the structures involved in preserving continence may explain the increased prevalence of dysfunctions in the urogenital tract in postmenopausal patients, in particular in those not on hormone replacement therapy.","PeriodicalId":75400,"journal":{"name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement","volume":"166 ","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20195190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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XV FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Copenhagen, Denmark, 3-8 August 1997. Abstracts. Part 4. 第十五届菲戈世界妇产科大会。1997年8月3日至8日，丹麦哥本哈根。摘要。第4部分。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

引用次数: 0

XV FIGO World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Copenhagen, Denmark, 3-8 August 1997. Abstracts. Part 5. 第十五届菲戈世界妇产科大会。1997年8月3日至8日，丹麦哥本哈根。摘要。第5部分。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

引用次数: 0

Maternal serum concentrations of human placental lactogen, estradiol and pregnancy specific beta 1-glycoprotein and fetal growth retardation. 母体血清中人胎盘乳原、雌二醇和妊娠特异性β 1-糖蛋白浓度与胎儿生长迟缓的关系。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(95)90801-3

M. Gardner, Robert L. Goldenberg, Cliver Sp, L. Boots, Hoffman Hj

引用次数: 34

Birth weight of relatives by maternal tendency to repeat small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births in successive pregnancies. 母亲在连续妊娠中重复小胎龄(SGA)分娩的倾向对亲属出生体重的影响。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

P Magnus, L S Bakketeig, H Hoffman

{"title":"Birth weight of relatives by maternal tendency to repeat small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births in successive pregnancies.","authors":"P Magnus, L S Bakketeig, H Hoffman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background and method: Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants represent a heterogeneous group of normal and growth-retarded children. To assess the familial aggregation of reduced fetal growth, birth weights in both maternal and paternal relatives of 1246 index children in the Scandinavian SGA Study were compared across groups defined by the SGA outcome of the index child as well as that of earlier siblings.Results: Mean maternal birth weight +/- SEM was 3127 +/- 54 g for mothers who had experienced two SGA births as opposed to 3424 +/- 22 for mothers with no SGA births. Mean paternal birth weight was 3497 +/- 88 g and 3665 +/- 24 in the same two groups. The odds ratio (with 95% confidence interval) for having a mother with birth weight below the 10th percentile was 1.74 (0.85-3.58) for the group where two SGA births had occurred compared to no SGA births and it was 2.49 (1.22-5.07) for having a father with birth weight below the 10th percentile. There was no correlation between maternal and paternal birth weights.Conclusions: The association also to paternal birth weight suggests the presence of genetic or common environmental factors in explaining the tendency to have SGA children. Although taking parental birth weights into consideration will aid in diagnosing growth-retardation in a SGA child, SGA remains a heterogeneous group where familial and non-familial cases will be difficult to separate.","PeriodicalId":75400,"journal":{"name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement","volume":"165 ","pages":"35-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20164312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Obstetric interventions and perinatal asphyxia in growth retarded term infants. 生长迟缓足月儿的产科干预和围产期窒息。

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement Pub Date : 1997-01-01

J Langhoff-Roos, G Lindmark

{"title":"Obstetric interventions and perinatal asphyxia in growth retarded term infants.","authors":"J Langhoff-Roos, G Lindmark","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The monitoring of fetal growth during pregnancy is usually justified because of the increased perinatal risk of these babies.Methods: In 1552 infants from the Scandinavian Small for Gestational Age Study the need for obstetric interventions, risk of fetal asphyxia and immediate neonatal outcome at term have been studied in relation to different types of fetal growth retardation, including sub-groups with low ponderal index or low amount of subcutaneous fat.Results: The need for obstetric intervention indicated by suspected fetal asphyxia before or during labor was increased 3-fold (6-8%) for growth retarded infants both in SGA infants in general and infants with asymmetric body proportions. The immediate perinatal outcome, however, was favorable with Apgar below 8 at 5 min in only 2% irrespective of the type of growth retardation, in spite of the fact that less than 25% of the SGA pregnancies and 10% of those with asymmetric fetal growth had been eligible for close antenatal fetal monitoring.Conclusion: With a moderate increase in interventions at delivery, perinatal outcome was highly favorable for term infants with a weight for gestational age, weight for length or skinfold for weight below the 10th percentile in this population of Scandinavian parous mothers.","PeriodicalId":75400,"journal":{"name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement","volume":"165 ","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20164314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0